• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.20-28
• /
• 2015

General purpose computing applications have not yet been thoroughly explored in procedure level speculation, especially in the light-weighted profiling way. This paper proposes a light-weighted profiling mechanism to analyze speculative parallelism characterization in several classic general purpose computing applications from SPEC CPU2000 benchmark. By comparing the key performance factors in loop and procedure-level speculation, it includes new findings on the behaviors of loop and procedure-level parallelism under these applications. The experimental results are as follows. The best gzip application can only achieve a 2.4X speedup in loop level speculation, while the best mcf application can achieve almost 3.5X speedup in procedure level. It proves that our light-weighted profiling method is also effective. It is found that between the loop-level and procedure-level TLS, the latter is better on several cases, which is against the conventional perception. It is especially shown in the applications where their 'hot' procedure body is concluded as 'hot' loops.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.497-509
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine frequency of job performance, level of urgency, index of importance experienced by 138 new nurses who were working at 6 hospitals that had over 400 bed in Incheon and Bucheon. The data were analyzed using a SPSS program for descriptive statistics [numbers of job performance, level of urgency, index of importance(job performance+1/4 level of urgency)]. Some of the most frequent job performance were application of aseptic technique, application of principle of infection control, and medication (IV, PO, IM, supply fluid and electrolyte). Some of the most uncommon job performance were activity as a lecturer in nursing department, activity of arrangement of community resources, and participation in multidisciplinary conference. Some of the highest level of urgency were use of aseptic technique, CPR, application of principle of infection control, defibrillation for dysrhythmia, blood transfusion, observation of patient's status in procedure (operation), v/s check, intervention for improvement of respiratory function and medication of antihypertensives. Some of the lowest level of urgency were activity as a lecturer in nursing department, preceptor's activity, supervisor and delegation of job to nurse aids, attendance at nursing conference, activity of arrangement of community resources, participation in clinical teaching practice, participation in multidisciplinary conference, and delegation of patient care. Those were indirect patient care. The order was physiologic integration(60.99%), safety and effective nursing environment, psychosocial care, and health maintenance and improvement. The most importance item in maintenance of physiologic integration was medication. Some of the highest index of importance were aseptic technique and application of principle of infection control, v/s check, observation of patient's status in operation and medication. Some of the lowest index of importance were activity as a lecturer in nursing department, preceptor's activity, activity of arrangement of community resources, participation in multidisciplinary conference, nursing conference, participation in clinical teaching, and delegation of job to nurse aids.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of electroanalgeia and $\beta-endorphin$ action by acupuncture-like (Lof/Hil) transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to acupuncture points. Twelve healthy adult male aged between 19 ann 25 were randomly assigned to TENS group (n=6) and naloxone group (n=6). Subjects of both groups were strongly stimulated TENS with 4 pps and $200{\mu}s$ for 30 minutes on the LI 3 and LI 10 meridian points of dominant am. Naloxone group was injected naloxone hydrochloride before TENS application. The experimental pain threshold was measured by chronaxie meter CX-2 on the distal end of radius just before and after TENS application. The levels of plasma $\beta-endorphin$ and ACTH. serum cortisol and urinary 17-OHCS were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits before and after TENS application. In TENS group, there was a significant increase of experimental pain threshold (p<0.01), plasma $\beta-endorphin$ level (p<0.05), serum cortisol level (p<0,001) and urinary 17-OHCS levels (p<0.05) after TENS application. The plasma ACTH level was not significantly increased, but it showed an increasing tendency. In naloxone group, although there was a decreasing trend, ACTH and cortisol level did not show a significant change, but $\beta-endorphin$ and 17-OHCS level were significantly decreased (p<0.01). The result of this study stewed that acupuncture-like TENS induced analgesic effect, such that the levels of plasma $\beta-endorphin$, plasma ACTH, serum cortisol and urinary 17-OHCS were concomitantly increased with experimental pain threshold. It is suggested that the analgesic mechanism of the acupuncture-like TENS probably related to endogenous opioid component such as $\beta-endorphin$.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2007

SoC which deploys software modules as well as hardware IPs on a single chip is a major revolution taking place in the implementation of a system design, and high-level synthesis is an important process of SoC design methodology. Recently, SPARK parallelizing high-level synthesis software tool has been developed. It takes a behavioral ANSI-C code as an input, schedules it using code motion and various code transformations, and then finally generates synthesizable RTL VHDL code. Although SPARK employs various loop transformation algorithms, the synthesis results generated by SPARK are not acceptable for basic signal and image processing algorithms with nested loop. In this paper we propose a SoC platform with an application-specific PLD targeting local operations which are feature of many loop algorithms used in signal and image processing, and demonstrate design process which maps behavioral specification with nested loops written in a high-level language (ANSI-C) onto 2D systolic array. Finally the derived systolic array is implemented on the proposed application-specific PLD of SoC platform.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.150-154
• /
• 2015

Physiological disorders such as symptoms in leaf colored with brown spots are so many occurred in ginseng garden cultivated with paddy soil. This study was carried out to inhibit the symptoms of brown-colored leaf in 3-year-old ginseng by fertilizing calcium hydroxide [$Ca(OH)_2$] of 100 ~ 400 kg per 10a on paddy soil before transplant of seedling. Soil pH was rapidly increased, while Fe was decreased in soil by the increase of application level of calcium hydroxide. Soil pH was increased from 4.53 to 6.18 when calcium hydroxide was fertilized at level of 100kg per 10a. The content of Fe in ginseng leaf was decreased more than the control by fertilizing calcium hydroxide in soil. Ratio of brown-colored leaf and plant height and leaf area were decreased by the increase of calcium hydroxide. Ratio of survived root and yield of root showed the peak at the application level of 100 kg per 10a, and both of them were gradually decreased by the increase of calcium hydroxide. The decrease of missing plant rate above the application level of 200 kg per 10a had a negative effect on the decrease of yield of root.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2002

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of application level of animal manure on the nitrate nitrogen concentration, sugar content and animal intake of forage sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, cv. Pionee. 988) in 1995. The application amount of animal manure were 50, 100 and 150MT in cattle manure, 20, 40 and 80MT in swine manure, and 10, 20 and 40MT/ha in poultry manure. Non-application plot(control) was involved. The nitrate nitrogen concentration was increased with increasing of application level of animal manure(P<0.05). Average nitrate nitrogen concentration was 397, 512, and 609mg/kg at low, medium and high application level of animal manure. The nitrate nitrogen concentration by plant height was 438mg/kg at 50~60m of plant height, 454mg at 100~120cm, and 418mg at 200~220cm. The nitrate nitrogen concentration of stems was 376mg, and significantly higher than that(135mg) of leaves(P<0.05) regardless of animal manure type, and lower parts of stems and leaves were significantly higher than those of upper parts of plants(P<0.05). Average nitrate nitrogen concentration of leaves was 151mg at lower, and 58mg at upper parts of plants, and the concentration of stems was 357mg at lower, 511mg at middle, and 610mg at upper parts of plants. The sugar contents of sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrid was decreased with increasing of application level of animal manure(P<0.05). Average sugar content was 4.9, 4.4, and 4.3。 at low, medium and high application level of animal manure. The sugar content by plant height was 3.9。 at 50~60 and 100~120cm of plant height, and 6.1。 at 200~220cm of plant height. Animal intake of sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrid was decreased greatly with increasing of application level of animal manure. Average intake was 73.9, 55.7, and 52.3% at low, medium and high application level of animal manure. The intake by animal manure type was 73.7% in cattle, 59.7% in swine and 62.5% in poultry manure.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
• /
• 2005.03a
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2005

In traditional approach, enterprise-wide consistent security policy enforcement for applications is very difficult task. Therefore, industry is now moving towards new unified enterprise application security concept that consist of centralized authentication and authorization mechanism. The eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML); an XML-based standard defined by OASIS, is most suitable choice which can support centralized, role based, context aware access control mechanism. It is designed to provide universal standard for writing authorization policies and access control request/response language for managing access to the resources. This paper includes a brief overview on XACML and discusses its benefits, limitations and a data flow process. We propose a new generic access control architecture that supports enterprise wide centralized application level access control mechanism using XACML. The other benefits which can be achieved through this architecture are, reduce adnministration cost and complexity, support of heterogeneous computing platforms, centralized monitoring system, automatic fail over, scalability and availability, open standard based solution and secure communication.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study is to examine whether Chinese Korean learners (CKL) can correctly produce the aspiration in 'a lenis obstruents /k/, /t/, /p/, /ʧ/+/h/ sound' sequence at the lexical and post-lexical level. For this purpose 4 Korean native speakers (KNS), 10 advanced and 10 intermediate CKL participated in a production test. The material analyzed consisted of 10 Korean sentences in which aspiration can be applied at different prosodic boundaries (syllable, word, accentual phrase). The results showed that for KNS and CKL, the rate of application of aspiration was different according to prosodic boundaries. Aspiration was more frequently applied at the lexical level than at the post-lexical level and it was more frequent at the word boundary than at the accentual phrase boundary. For CKL, pronunciation errors were either non-application of aspiration or coda obstruent omission. In the case of non-application of aspiration, CKL produced the target syllable as an underling form and they did not transform it as a surface form. In the case of coda obstruent ommision, most of the errors were caused by the inherent complexity of phonological process.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2009

Recently, the Main Memory DBMS is gradually being expanded by the appearance of a large capacity of a Main Memory System, the increase in business area where it requires a real time process, and the rise of the users' required level. The Main Memory DBMS, which is able to go through a large capacity data process of the disk-based DBMS and guarantees a high efficiency, has domestically developed and has been put to a practical use. This paper presents an examination of the applied technologies and the limits of Altibase system, which is Main Memory DBMS. Moreover, it evaluated and performed a comparative analysis on the performance level of the Main Memory DBMS and the disk-based DBMS based on the same application. After five trials of the experiment based on the operating application, it was confirmed that the performance level of the Main Memory DBMS is enhanced and is higher by 4.13 to 7.89 times than the disk-based DBMS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 1994

To find out the effects of phosphatic fertilizer application level on the dry matter yield and nutrient contents of grasses, this experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with six treatments(0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250kg $P_2O_5$/ ha) and conducted at hill land in Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province from September, 1989 to October, 1992. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. As the phosphatic fertilization level increase, the early growth and cover degree of grasses wintered were more favorable and plant length was higher. 2. With 150kg $P_2O_5$/ ha application for three years, the average dry matter yield of grasses, 10,112kgl ha was sirnilared to that of 200kg $P_2O_5$/ ha and the yield was composed of 77.2% grasses(7,808kg/ ha), 19.2% legumes(l,937kg 1 ha) and 3.6% weeds(367kg / ha). 3. The crude protein and energy productivity of grasses increase as phosphatic fertilization level was increased, but those were not different between 150 and 250kg $P_2O_5$ 1 ha. Therefore, phosphatic fertilization level must be applied with 150kg / ha for a reasonable management in hilly grassland.