• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to develop an urgent road-repair system and perform a field applicability test, as well as discover the optimum mix design for machine applications compared to the optimum mix design for lab applications. METHODS : According to reviews of the patent and developed equipment, self-propelled and mix-in-place equipment types are suitable for urgent pavement repair, e.g., potholes and cracks. The machine-application mix design was revised based on the optimum lab-test mix design, and the field application of a spray-injection system was performed on the job site. The mixture from the machine application and lab application was subjected to a wet-track abrasion test and a wheel-tracking test to calibrate the machine application. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS : This study showed that the binder content could differ for the lab application and the machine application in the same setting. Based on the wet-track abrasion test result, the binder contents of the machine application exceeded the binder contents of the lab application by 1-1.5% on the same setting value. Moreover, the maximum dynamic stability value for the machine application showed 1% lower binder contents than the maximum lab-application value. Collectively, the results of the two different tests showed that the different sizes and operating methods of the machine and lab applications could affect the mix designs. Further studies will be performed to verify the bonding strength and monitor the field application.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.2 s.18
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• pp.119-134
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• 2005

The goals of this study is to analyze develop the materials which help students develop spatial sense in elementary school and to investigate its effects. To accomplish those goals, the 7th National Curriculum was analyzed to identify the contents of spatial sense. After analyzing the 7th National Curriculum, the principle for developing the teaching aids focusing the realization of the contents in the spatial sense was set up. And then various teaching materials which can enhance students' spatial sense was developed. It is consist of 17 kinds of concretely operating materials, 7 kinds of tangram papers, one web-material. To verify the effect of the materials, surveyed the usability of the materials and two classes was selected and tests were administered before and after the treatment. Through this application, several conclusion were drawn. First, a survey result says that teachers thought materials developed would be effective in developing spatial sense. Second, the materials developed were effective to develop spatial sense. The score gained by the experiment group after the treatment was statistically meaningfully higher than the control group. This means that the materials developed helped children to develop spatial sense.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.127-139
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• 2010

The concept of Web 2.0, which means that internet users are producers and also consumers is evolved according to the development of web service technology. In the Web 2.0 space, the enormous amount of web contents are produced using many social web services. Proactive display system supports various types of users's web contents. Unfortunately, private web contents sharing facility is imperfect to date. In this paper, we develop a proactive display application which identifies people, displaying their social contents such as blogs and open cafes through wide display devices or multi-media players in physical spaces. For this, we develop a social contents presentation server where users can register their profiles and information on the social contents to be shared through the developed application. Also, we develop a social contents presentation client that proactively identifies the user in close proximity and displays the user's social contents through an intuitive user interface in physical spaces. In addition, we develop an on-the-spot feedback service which supports posting various types of replies and an on-the-spot scrap service which specifies direct sharing of the contents through the intuitive user interface.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.227-236
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was designed to develop and evaluate the a web-based simulation program on patient rights education using integrated decision making model into values clarification for nurse students. Methods: The program was designed based on the Aless & Trollip model and Ford, Trygstad-Durland & Nelms's decision model. Focus groups interviews, surveys on learning needs for patient rights, and specialist interviews were used to develop for simulation scenarios and decision making modules. The simulation program was evaluated between May, 2011 and April, 2012 by 30 student nurses using an application of the web-based program evaluation tools by Chung. Results: Simulation content was composed of two scenarios on patient rights: the rights of patients with HIV and the rights of psychiatric patients. It was composed of two decision making modules which were established for value clarifications, behavioral objective formations, problems identifications, option generations, alternatives analysis, and decision evaluations. The simulation program was composed of screens for teacher and learner. The program was positively evaluated with a mean score of $3.14{\pm}0.33$. Conclusion: These study results make an important contribution to the application of educational simulation programs for nurse students' behavior and their decision making ability in protecting the patient rights.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.2127-2133
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• 2010

In this paper, we proposed an architecture for supporting sensor transparency in sensor node operating systems, design the standard APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) and sensor device abstraction to provide the sensor transparency and implemented the sensor transparency in the TinyOS, the most well known sensor node operating system. With the proposed sensor node operating system which can support the sensor transparency, application developers can develop the target applications independent to each sensor device by using the standard APIs provided by the sensor node operating system and the sensor device manufacturers also can develop sensor device drivers by using the standard hardware interfaces and HAL (Hardware Adaptation Layer) interfaces independent to the specific hardware platform of sensor nodes.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.298-314
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop science research ethics guidelines for elementary school teachers. To develop the guidelines, authors have conducted the following procedures: Development of guidelines through literature reviews; and an application of the developed guidelines to classroom sites. Authors established sections and formats of guidelines for science research ethics through literature reviews and developed contents of major sections and subsections and their explanations and descriptions. After that, authors applied the developed guidelines at elementary science classes and collected data through semi-structured interviews with science class teachers and checklists to reflect on and complement the contents of the guidelines. To secure the validity of guidelines, authors requested a validity assessment to four science education experts and one ethics education specialist. As a result, the CVI for the guidelines was found to be 0.9. Finally, authors developed the final guidelines by adding "Case Examples of Application" by adopting requests of elementary school teachers who used the provisional guidelines.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.149-154
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• 2009

For the past few decades, residential improvement projects have been mainly carried out after demolition of the original dwelling place. So far, interests and opinions of the existing residents have largely been ignored during the projects. However, citizen participation in local redevelopment has recently been regarded as essential part as progress in democracy and diversified public interests have offered more importance to citizen participation in the implementation of public policies. While the importance of resident participation has been increasingly emphasized in principle, there still has been more to do in its application in reality. We should develop the experience of collecting community opinion to make them reflected in public policy, if we are to achieve the resident and citizen-centered society. The purpose of this study is to develop an image map tool that can be applied to "Maul-Mandulgi" projects as a visualized method to facilitate the exchange of opinions and work toward agreements. The tool is supposed to assist the public discussion by visualizing the policies and reducing the possibility of misunderstanding, so that residents can properly respond to them. In addition, this study will verify the effectiveness of the tool in the application to local community workshops.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.562-570
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• 2006

Knit industry requires versatile knit designers who have to control whole process such as material select, color, type of machine, technique, structure and shape. In other words, knit designers urgently need to interplay between technology and design aesthetics. It becomes essential to learn and master basic principles of knitting in order to design and develop effectively for innovative knitwear design. The main purpose of this study is to show fresh methodology through examining the various applications of 'Stitch transfer knitting structure' used in women's knitwear design development. Stitch transfer knitting structure is one of the most popular techniques among various basic knitting methods. Eight knitwears were designed and produced with various types of formative applications which differ from existent stitch transfer knitwears of flat and simple style in the market. These are produced by computer knitting machine 'Shima Seiki 122S' and programmed by 'Knit CAD' software. Among various basic stitch transfer pattern, 'Leaf' pattern is selected as a most effective example for this study. This fabric applied to collar, sleeves, body pattern and accessories as formative decoration. It is expected that this study of methodology helps to get open mind and to indicate possibility to develop and show creative and innovative knitwear and knitted textile design.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.286-294
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• 2007

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a performance measurement scale for nurses in the hospital setting and to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases including an application of conceptual framework, development of scale items, and test of validity and reliability of the scale. In order to test validity and reliability, data was collected from 1,966 nurses who work in twenty eight hospitals nation-wide. The data was analyzed by the SAS 8.0 program using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients. Results: The Performance measurement scale consisted of 4 factors which included competency, attitude, willingness to improve, and application of nursing process, and a total of 17 items. The Four factors explained 63.45% of the total variance, and Cronbach's alpha of the scale was.92. Conclusion: The performance measurement scale developed by this study is a reliable and valid instrument that is utilized effectively to evaluate the performance of hospital nurses. Furthermore, it could be used as a sloping stone to assess educational needs of nurses, develop professionalism among nurses, and improve quality of nursing care in the hospital setting.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.872-878
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• 2009

Advanced Phase Isolation Ditch (APID) process was studied to develop economic retrofitting technology, for the plants where retrofitting of common activated sludge process is required. In this study, to develop and apply the modified intermittently aeration mode as process control conditions for treating municipal wastewater, a demonstration plant was installed and operated in the existing sewage treatment plant of P city. During this study, the average effluent $BOD_5$, SS, T-N, and T-P concentrations were 6.3, 4.5, 10.0, and 1.3 mg/L. The modified mode decreased the nitrification capability more than the conventional mode in the application period. Nitrate in the anaerobic condition can have a negative effect on biological phosphorus removal. In the decreasing nitrate levels, the modified mode increased the biological ability of removal phosphorus more than the conventional mode in this study. Therefore, newly developed APID process with modified intermittent aeration mode can be one of the useful processes for stable organic matter and nutrients removal.