• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.2 s.137
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• pp.134-138
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• 2004

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the whole extract of Viscum album var. coloratum Ohwi (Loranthaceae) led to the isolation of two triterpenoidal components; oleanolic acid (1) and ${\beta}-amyrin$ acetate (2), and a flavonoid, homoflavoyadorinin B (3) as well as large quantity of free fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble fraction and BuOH soluble fraction of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system), and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble fraction exhibited a poor inhibition. The intensive phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc soluble fraction and BuOH soluble fraction of the extract indicated that the oleanolic acid (1) and large amounts of free fatty acid mixtures might be attributed to the in vitro antitumoral property of the whole extract of Viscum album var. coloratum.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate antimicrobial and antitumoral activities of Candida kefyr TFP7 isolated from Tibetan fermented milk Strains of TFP1∼10 were isolated from Tibetan fermented milk by agar diffusion method using potato dextrose agar(PDA). Antimicrobial activities were examined against 18 microorganisms of food-related bacteria, yeast, algae, fungi and actinomycetes isolated from soil. Antitumor activities were examined against 9 human tumor cell lines. Strains of TFP2∼10 showed strong antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus ATCC l1880, and strains of TFP6∼10 to actinomycetes, Streptomyces murinus JCM 4333. In antitumor test, all isolated strains(TEP1∼10) showed the growth inhibition of SNU-5 and SW-534 by 60% and 70%, respectively. Among those, the strain TFP7 showed the most antitumor activity, which was 77.5% for SNU-5 and 76.5% for SW-534. The strain was identified as Candida kefyr by use of API 20C AUX kit and scanning electron micrograph.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.147-168
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• 1997

Tish study was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Takrisodokyeum extract against tumor, and immunomodulatory effect. Some kinds of tumor were induced by the typical application of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) or by the implantation(s.c) of malignant tumor cells such as leukemia cells(3LL cells) or sarcoma cells(S-I80 and Fas II cells). Treatment of the Takrisodokyeum water-extract(daily 1mg mouse, i.p.) was continued for 7 days prior to tumor induction and after that the treatment was lasted for 15 days. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Takrisodokyeum decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and the weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice (TBM). Takrisodokyeum also significantly suppressed the development of 3LLcell and S-180 cell by frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Takrisodokyeum extract into TBM. However, when tumor was induced by FsaII cell-implantation, the growth of implanted cells in mice was delayed by the water extract of Takrisodokyeum until day 7 and then rapid growth ensued. In vitro, treatment of Takrisodokyeum extract had no effect on the growth of some kind of cell lines such as FsaII, A-131 strain but significantly inhibited the proliferation of 3LL, S-180 cells. Takrisodokyeum also stimulated the migrative ability of leucocyte, the MIF and IL 2-production of T lymphocytes, but not IL 6 production of B cells. Takrisodokyeum enhanced Arthus reaction and DTH to sheep erythrocytes, and NK cells activities. These results demonstrated that Takrisodokyeum extract different results according to the type of tumor cells. And these results also suggested that antitumor effect of Takrisodokyeum might be chiefly due to nonspecific enhancement of NK cell activities and cell-mediated immune responses.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.4 s.91
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• pp.312-317
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• 1999

In order to study the antitumoral effect of meju extracts, which was made with a single inoculum of the microorganism, the cytotoxicity effects on several human leukemia cells such as promyelocytic leukemia cell (HL60), histiocytic lymphoma cell (U937) and acute T-cell leukemia Jurkat cell, and lymphocyte were analyzed by MTT assay. Twenty one microbes, mainly fungal genera, were isolated from Korean traditional mejus of different regions. From those collected isolates, meju was manufactured and extracted with 80% methanol, respectively. Meju methanol extracts exhibited low activites in cytotoxicity tests on HL60 cell, but high antitumoral effects of meju methanol extracts were shown on U937 and Jurkat cells. Meju methanol extracts made with a genera of Mucor, Absidia and Aspergillus showed prominant cytotoxic activities, especially. However all these extracts had no inhibitory effects on the cell growth of lymphocyte under the same conditions.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-78
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• 2000

Introduction: In order to investigate the effects of partial Cervus elaphus Linne' extract on antitumoral immunological, a group of mice are melanoma-induced and observed reponses in terms of the number of lymphocyte, CD4+ count, CD8+ count, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in blood and spleen, change in body weight, melanoma weight, spleen index, NK cell activity and productivity of IL-2 in each mouse Methodology: Male C57BL/6 mice were chosen as an experimental object and were divided into 5 groups randomly selection. The normal group did not receive any induction. The control group was treated with normal saline in melanoma-induced' mice. Sample I group induced the upper part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract in melanoma-induced mice. Sample II group was induced the middle part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract in melanoma-induced mice. Sample III group was induced the lower part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract in melanoma-induced mice. The dosage of medication was 0.2cc daily for 14days. Results: 1. There was a significant difference in the number of lymphocyte in spleen in the sample I (upper part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract induced) and the sample II (middle part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract induced) compared to the control group and the sample III (lower part of Cervus elaphus Linne' extract induced). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in the number of lymphocyte in blood in the control group and all sample groups. 2. In the CD4+ T cell ratio in blood, all three sample groups showed differences compared to the control group, though there was no significant difference between sample groups. In the CD4+ T cell ratio in spleen, there was a difference between the sample I and the control group, while the sample II and the sample III had significant difference to the control group. And also, it has been observed there were differences between the sample I and the other samples. 3. In the CD8+ T cell ratio in spleen, all three sample groups showed significant differences compared to the control group, while there was no difference between groups in the ratio in blood. 4. In the CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio in blood, the sample I showed a significant difference compared to the control group, while the sample 1I and sample III showed differences compared to the control group. In the CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio in spleen, all three samples showed a significant difference compared to the control group, when the sample I had a difference to the other sample groups. 5. The spleen index of the sample I and the sample II showed a significant difference compared to the sample III and the control group. In comparison between the sample groups, the sample I and the sample II showed a significant difference to the sample III. 6. In terms of the change in body weight and melanoma weight, all three sample groups showed a significant difference compared to the control group, while the comparison between the sample groups showed the sample and the sample II had a significant difference to the sample Ⅲ. 7. In comparison of NK cell activity, the sample I had a difference compared to the other groups when the effector to target cell ratio was 2.5:1. With the ratio of 5:1, the sample I and sample II showed significant differences compared to the control group, while the sample Ⅲ showed a difference. When the effector to target cell ratio was 10:1, there was no difference between groups. 8. In the productivity of IL-2, all three sample groups showed significant differences compared to the control group. In comparison between sample groups, there were significant differences between each sample groups in order of the sample I , the sample II and the sample Ⅲ. Conclusion: As one can witness from the above results, administration of partial Cervus elaphus Linne extract played important role in antitumoral immune response in melanoma-induced mice, and it could be suggested that sample I and sample II groups have prominent antitumoral immune effect.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 1996

The prescription, Kilkyungtang (KKT), which originally consists of twelve kinds of medicinal plant materials and was used as a decoction for the treatment of malignant tumors and two modified Kilkyungtangs (KKT-1 and KKT-2), supplemented by the additional crude drug to KKT (KKT-1:Houttuyniae herba, and KKT-2:Oldenlandiae diffusae herba) were investigated on their antitumoral properties, in vivo respectively. All KKTs were found to exhibit significant life time-prolonging effects when they were administered orally to Sarcoma-180 bearing ICR mice for 7 days. (ILS was estimated as 20% in KKT, 42% in KKT-1 and 57% in KKT-2). A profound lessening of tumor weights was also observed when KKTs were administered to $B16-F_0$ bearing C57B/6 mice.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.596-598
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• 2004

The effects of water extract from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz on biological activity were investigated. The crude water extract of A. macrocephala inhibited the growth of the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (3 mm inhibition zone at 300 ㎍/disc). However, it did not show growth inhibition activity against Sreptococcus mutans JC-2 (MIC >1,000 ㎍/mL). This extract was cytotoxic to P388 murine leukaemia cells ATCC CCL 46 P388D1, (IC/sub 50/ 62.24 ㎍/mL at 150 ㎍/disc). These results suggest that water extract of A. macrocephala possesses antitumoral, and antimicrobial activities.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.368-372
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• 1994

Three more unusual macrolides in addition to concnamycin B were isolated from the mycelium of Streptomyces sp. strain Bal6. These four compounds showed a potent cytotoxity to hunian cancer cell lines, SNU-1 (stomach cancer cell line), SNU-354 (liver cancer cell line), MCF- 7 (breast cancer cell line) and KB-3-1 (oral epidermoid carcinoma cell line). Interestingly, these compounds confered slight differential cytotoxity on RHEK-1, a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line immotalized by AD12-SV40 hybrid virus and RHEK-1/pSV$_{2}$ ras which was resulted from H-ras transfomation of RHEK-1. These compounds were determined to be concanamycin A, conca- namycin E and 0-methyl concanamycin B by NMR and other spectral analysis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.375-377
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• 1994

Thirteen kinds of naturally occurring or derivatised thiterpenes, reported to have an antitumoral property, were reinvestigated on the basis of their direct cytotoxicity or the inhibitory activity on cell growth against five kinds of cultured human tumor cells, i.e., A-549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, XF-498 and HCT15, in vitro. Ursonic acid III, betulinic acid VIII, betulonic acid X and glycrrhetinic acid XI were exhibitied a marked inhibition on cell growth.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 1996

In the course of a search for antitumor agents, we found that the extract of Curcuma longa was effective in inducing apoptosis or programmed cell death (PCD) in human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60). Active compounds for PCD were isolated from the hexanic extraction of the rhizome of Curcuma longa. With the several chromatographies, and spectral data, they were identified as ar-turmerone and $\beta-atlantone$. The present results demonstrate that the exposure of human myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells to clinically achievable concentrations of arturmerone (TU) or .$\beta-atlantone$(AT) produced internucleosomal DNA fragmentation of approximately 200 base-pair multiples, and the morphological changes characteristic of cells undergoing apoptosis or PCD. This findings suggest that these agents may exert their antitumoral activity, in part, through induction of apoptosis(PCD).