• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.1288-1292
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Houttuynia cordata T/sub HUNB/ extracts on A549 (lung cancer), MDA-MB231 (breast cancer), SNU-C4 (colon cancer) and B16 (mouse melanoma) cell lines. We have determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. The 150 ㎍/㎖ concentration of methanol extract (63.81 %) of Houttuynia cordata T/sub HUNB/ was shown significantly antitoxic activity on A549 cell lines. The order of cytotoxicity fractions of methanol from Houttuynia cordata T/sub HUNB/ extracts against cancer cell lines in vitro is as follows : hexane fraction layer > chloroform fraction layer > ethyl acetate fraction layer > buthanol fraction layer > water fraction layer. These results suggest that the hexane fraction of methanol extract from Houttuynia cordata T/sub HUNB/ extract may be a valuable choice for the development of antitumor agents.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.241-248
• /
• 2019

Recent researches demonstrated well promising anticancer activities for antibiotics. Such effects would be significantly increased while nanoparticle based delivery systems were applied. In this study, the goal was aim to improve anticancer and antitoxic effects of Streptomycin by loading on special kind of dendrimer (anionic-linear-globular second generation). In the current study, Size and zeta potential as well as AFM techniques have been used to prove the fact that the loading was performed correctly. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the drug loaded on dendrimer nanoparticle were determined and compared with both of dendrimer alone and free drug with respect to staphylococcus aureus as the test microorganism. The anticancer activity among three groups including Streptomycin, Streptomycin -G2 dendrimer, and control was measured in vitro. In vitro studies showed that G2 anionic linear-globular polyethylene-glycol-based dendrimer, which loaded on Streptomycin was able to significantly improve the treatment efficacy over clinical Streptomycin alone with respect to proliferation assay. Maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated to be $257{\mu}g/mL$ for streptomycin alone and $55{\mu}g/mL$ for Streptomycin -G2 dendrimer. In addition, Streptomycin -G2 dendrimer conjugate prevented the growth of MCF-7 cancerous cells in addition to enhance the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells as demonstrated by an annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate assay. Streptomycin -G2 dendrimer conjugate was able to increase Bcl-2/Bax ratio in a large scale compared with the control group and Streptomycin alone. Based on results a new drug formulation based nano-particulate was improved against S. aureus with sustained release and enhanced antibacterial activity as well as anticancer activity shown for functional cancer treatment with low side effects.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2006

Objectives : It is well known that hexavalent chromium has toxic effect on normal cells. Recently, toxic effect of hexavalent chromium is diminished by the some extracts derived from herbs or plants. But, the toxic or protective mechanism of hexavalent chromium is well unknown. This study was performed to examine the protective effect of poncirin against $Na_2Cr_2O_7$-induced cytotoxicity on NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Methods : The protective effect of the cytotoxicity induced by $Na_2Cr_2O_7$ was measured by the cell viability after NIH3T3 fibroblasts were cultured with or without $Na_2Cr_2O_7$ for 48 hours. Antitoxic effects of poncirin on the cytotoxicity induced by $Na_2Cr_2O_7$ were examined by colorimetric assays such as MTT or XTT assay. Results : $Na_2Cr_2O_7$ decreased cell viability by the decreased absorbance in MTT or XTT assay, but, the poncirin increased cell viability which was decreased by $Na_2Cr_2O_7$-induced cytotoxicity on NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Conclusion : These results suggest that $Na_2Cr_2O_7$ showed cytotoxicity effect on NIH3T3 fibroblasts by the decrease of cell viavility, and poncirin was effective in the protection of $Na_2Cr_2O_7$-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Houttuynia cordata $T_{HUNB}$ extracts on A549(lung cancer), B16(mouse melanoma), MDA-MB231(breast cancer) and SNU-C4(colon cancer) cell lines. We have determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide(MTT) assay. The $150{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of chloroform extract of Houttuynia cordata $T_{HUNB}$ was shown significantly antitoxic activity on MDA-MB231$(65.96{\pm}5.68%)$ and SNU-C4$(55.94{\pm}7.39%)$ cell lines.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.265-274
• /
• 2016

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic modules that are evolutionally conserved in bacteria and archaea. TA systems composed of an intracellular toxin and its antidote (antitoxin) are currently classified into five types. Commonly, activation of toxins under stress conditions inhibits diverse cellular processes and consequently induces cell death or reversible growth inhibition. These effects of toxins play various physiological roles in such as regulation of gene expression, growth control (stress response), programmed cell arrest, persister cells, programmed cell death, phage protection, stabilization of mobile genetic elements or postsegregational killing of plasmid-free cells. Accordingly, bacterial TA systems are commonly considered as stress-responsive genetic modules. However, molecule screening for activation of toxin in TA system is available as development of antimicrobial agents. In addition, cytotoxic effect induced by toxin is used as effective cloning method with antitoxic effect of antitoxin; consequently cells containing cloning vector inserted a target gene can survive and false-positive transformants are removed. Also, TA system is applicable to efficient single protein production in biotechnology industry because toxins that are site-specific ribonuclease inhibit protein synthesis except for target protein. Furthermore, some TA systems that induce apoptosis in eukaryotic cells such as cancer cells or virus-infected cells would have a wide range of applications in eukaryotes, and it will lead to new ways of treating human disease. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on bacterial TA systems and their applications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of phenobarbital sodium(PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene(3-MC) on carbofuran cytotoxicity and to develop antitoxic agents based on the effectivness. Experimental groups for carbofuran cytotoxicity were divided into five groups ; medium alone and four treatments of carbofuran (1, 25, 50 and $100{\mu}M)$, and those for compensation effects were divided into six groups ; medium alone, $IC_{50}$ carbofuran and four combinations of carbofuran and PB or 3-MC($IC_{50}$ carbofuran plus 1, 25, 50, $100{\mu}M$ of PB and 3-MC, respectively). After incubation for 48 hrs under the same conditions, MTT(Tetrazolium MTT), NR(Neutral red) and SRB(Sulforhodamine B protein) assay were performed. Fifty percentage inhibition of MTT, NR, and SRB against carbofuran in rat fibroblast cell were 60.7, 82.5 and $87.0{\mu}M$, respectively. At the combination treatments of $IC_{50}$ of carbofuran and $100{\mu}M$ of PB, the significant compensation effects were observed from the results of MTT and NR but not from that of SRB absorbance. And at the combination treatments of $IC_{50}$ of carbofuran and 3-MC, the relatively significant compensation effects were found at $50{\mu}M$ 3-MC from the results of MTT and at $100{\mu}M$ 3-MC from that of NR and SRB absorbances, respectively. From the results of light microscopy, combination treatments of $carbofuran(IC_{50})$ and PB or 3-MC showed good regeneration in carbofuran toxicity of rat fibroblast cells. These results suggest that PB or 3-MC can compensate the cytotoxity of carbofuran insecticide in rat NIH3T3 fibroblast cells.