• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.350.3-351
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• 2002

2-Arylthio-, 2-arylthio-5-methoxy-, 2, 3-bisarylthio-juglones and 2, 3-bisarylthio-5, 8-dimethoxy-1, 4-naphthoquinones were newly systhesized for the evaluation of antifungal activities. These derivatives were prepared by methylation of juglone and 2, 3-dichloro-5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone. and by resioselective nucleophilic subsitution with arylthiols. All compounds were tested in vitro for their growth inhibitory activities against pathogenic fungi by the standard method. The MIC values were determined by comparison to flucytosine as a fungicidal standard agent. In general. In general. most juglone derivatives shows in vitro antifungal activities. Among them. 2-arylthio-5-methoxy-juglones showed most potent antifungal activities against all pathogenic fungi.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.353.2-353.2
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• 2002

5-Arylamino-6-chloro-4.7-dioxoindazoles (DZs) were newly synthesized for the evaluation of antifungal activities. The compounds DZs were prepared by regioselective nucleophilic substitution of 5.6-dichloro-4.7-dioxoindazoles with appropriate arylamines in high yield. DZs were tested for their growth inhibitory activities against Candida species and Aspergillus niger. The MIC values were determined by the two-fold dilution method. In general. DZs showed in vitro antifungal activities. Among the tested compounds, DZ1, 3, 6, 7 and 12 showed potent antifungal activities against Candida species and Aspergillus niger. DZ7 was the most effective in preventing the growth of Candida species.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2002

Antifungal agents are used to impart antibacterial or bactericidal properties to commodities and various articles used in industries and can be classified into two broad groups i.e organic and inorganic. Inorganic antifungal agents comprise of Ag, Zn, or Cu, etc. These elements tend to exhibit high level of antifungal activities, non-uniform dispersion in substrates, and have poor properties in expensive and cheap adhesiveness. In this study, the organic antifungal agent was used for the purpose of investigating the antifungal activity of antifungal agent activated-cement mortar (AACM) on the aspergilus niger of various fungus which can be easily discovered in the interiors and exteriors of buildings. In addition, an experiment on the basic physical properties of AACM such as compressive and flexural strength was carried out. The conclusion of this investigation revealed that a dosage increase of antifungal agent exhibits a high inhibitory effect on the aspergilus niger, and although there is a slight decrease in the strength of AACM, the strength of AACM was almost equal to that of inactivated cement mortar.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2010

Phorbol ester extraction was carried out from Jatropha curcas seed cake, a by-product from the biodiesel fuel industry. Four repeated extractions from 5 g of J. curcas seed cake using 15 ml of 90% (v/v) ethanol and a shaking speed of 150 rpm gave the highest yield of phorbol esters. The ethanolic extract of J. curcas seed cake showed antifungal activities against important fungal phytopathogens: Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum, Colletotrichum capsid, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The extract contained phorbol esters mainly responsible for antifungal activities. The extract could therefore be used as an antifungal agent for agricultural applications.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.598-605
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• 2017

To isolate rhizobacteria exhibiting antifungal activities for for five pathogenic fungi (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium solani, Collectotricum gloeosporides, Fusarium oxysporum, and Botrytis cinerea) which cause damage to Ginseng root in Ginseng grown fields, four soils were collected from Cheorlwon gun, in Korea. From 4 soils, a total of 160 bacterial strains were isolated by dilution plate method. Among 160 strains, 32 strains showed antifungal activities for one or more pathogens. From 32 strains, three strains exhibited antifungal activities for all pathogens. These are two Burkholderia cepacia (ATCC 25416 and ET 13) and one Paenibacillus polymyxa (ATCC 842). These potent antifungal strains showed high identities (99% using 16S-rRNA sequencing).

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2010

Antifungal and antioxidative activities of Phellodendron amurense extracts were investigated for use as a natural preservative. After separation of P. amurense into phloem, xylem, leaf and fruit each part was subjected to methanol extraction. Each MeOH extract was further fractionated with several solvents(n-hexane, methylene chloride and ethylacetate). Among the methanol extracts, extracts of phloem and leaf inhibited effectively the growth of mold fungi and rot fungi, respectively. Especially, ethylacetate fraction from phloem showed the highest growth inhibitory effects against fungi tested, such as P. citreonigrum H3, P. toxicarium H4, P. corylophilu H5, A. clavatus, P. osteatus, S. commune, and G. lucidum. The fractions of fruit, which had lower antifungal activities mostly than those of phloem, strongly inhibited rot fungi such as G. lucidum, T. versicolor, and T. palustris. Compared to ferulic acid which is well known antioxidant, ethylacetate fraction of fruit showed high antioxidative activities on concentration of 1 to $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in DPPH radical scavenging activity. As a result, antifungal and antioxidative activities of P. amurense suggest that its extract and fraction have a possibility as conservative of cultural heritage because it might get conservation effects against deteriorating microorganisms of cultural heritage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1192-1195
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• 2010

To investigate the influence of the N- or C-terminal regions of pleurocidin (Ple) peptide on antifungal activity, four analogs partially truncated in the N- or C-terminal regions were designed and synthesized. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy demonstrated that all the analogs maintained an alpha-helical structure. The antifungal susceptibility testing also showed that the analogs exhibited antifungal activities against human fungal pathogens, without hemolytic effects against human erythrocytes. The result further indicated that the analogs had discrepant antifungal activities [Ple>Ple (1-22)>Ple (4-25)>Ple (1- 19)>Ple (7-25)] and that N-terminal deletion affected the activities much more than C-terminal deletion. Hydrophobicity [Ple>Ple (1-22)>Ple (4-25)>Ple (1-19)> Ple (7-25)] was thought to have been one of the consistent factors that influenced these activity patterns, rather than the other primary factors like the helicity [Ple>Ple (4-25) >Ple (1-22)>Ple (1-19)>Ple (7-25)] or the net charge [Ple=Ple (4-25)=Ple (7-25)>Ple (1-22)=Ple (1-19)] of the peptides. In conclusion, the hydrophobic amino acids in the N-terminal region of Ple is more crucial for antifungal activity than those in the C-terminal region.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.440-444
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• 1998

A series of 6-(N-arylamino)-7-methylthio-5,8-quinolinedione derivatives 4a-4l was newly synthesized for the evaluation of antifungal activity. 6-(N-Arylamino)-7-methylthio-5,8-quinolinediones were prepared by regioselective nucleophilic substitution of 6,7-dichloro-5,8-quinolinediones with arylamines in the presence of $Ce^{3+}$, and $Na_2$S/dimethylsulfate. The MIC values of 4a-4l were determined for antifungal susceptibility in vitro against Candida species by agar streak method. The derivatives 4a-4l had generally potent antifungal activities against all human pathogenic fungi. Especially they had the most potent activity against C. krusei at 12.5-0.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Compounds 4d, 4g, 4h, 4j and 4k had more potent antifungal activities than fluconazole. Compounds 4g and 4h completely inhibited the fungal growth at 0.8-6.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml against all Candida species, while fluconazole inhibited the growth at 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The compounds such as 4g and 4h containing an N-(4-bromo-2-methylphenyl)- or N-(4-bromo-3methylphenyl)amino substituent exhibited the most potent antifungal activities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

FK506, also known as tacrolimus, is a clinically important immunosuppressant drug and has promising therapeutic potentials owing to its antifungal, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative activities. To generate various FK506 derivatives, the structure of FK506 has been modified by chemical methods or biosynthetic pathway engineering. Herein, we describe the mode of the antifungal action of FK506 and the structure-activity relationship of FK506 derivatives in the context of immunosuppressive and antifungal activities. In addition, we discuss the neurotrophic mechanism of FK506 known to date, along with the neurotrophic FK506 derivatives with significantly reduced immunosuppressive activity. This review suggests the possibility to generate novel FK506 derivatives as antifungal as well as neuroregenerative/neuroprotective agents.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2019

Streptomyces blastmyceticus strain 12-6 was isolated from a forest soil sample of Cheonan area on the basis of strong antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi. Butanol extracts of the cultural filtrates were active against C. acutatum, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporioides, F. oxysporum, and T. roseum. Active fractions were prepared by thin layer chromatography using silica gel plate; 12-6-2 ($R_f$ 0.36), 12-6-3 ($R_f$ 0.44). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the active fractions caused a change in surface texture of fungal spores from smooth surface to wrinkled surface. The lethal effect on the spores of the active fractions varied from 56% to 100%. It was shown that the spores of C. acutatum were more sensitive to the antifungal fractions than the spores of F. oxysporum. Fluorescence staining using TOTO-1 indicated that the antifungal fractions could make the spores more sensitive to the fluorescence dye. Thus, it was suggested that antifungal agents prepared in this study exhibited the antifungal activity by damaging the plasma membrane of both fungal spores and hyphae. Identification of antifungal agents in the active fraction using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of cyclo-(Leu-Pro) and 9-octadecenamide as major components that have already been known as antifungal substances.