• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 1990

To improve the growth of mouse hybridoma 2c3.1 secreting anti-Hepatitis B surface antigen monoclonal antibody (anti-HBsAg MAb), we had constructed an enriched medium and observed the effects of fetal bovine serum and serum-free supplements including human serum albumin, 'insulin and transferrin', and monoethanolamine. For further enhancement of growth, the concentrations of two major energy sources, glucose and glutamine, were strengthened with various ratios in the enriched medium. Maximum cell growth and monoclonal antibody production obtained in various ratios of glucose/glutamine with an inoculation concentration of 2$\times$105 cells/ml were 0.73$\times$106-4.62$\times$106 cells/ml and 65.1-422.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. Glutamine was round to be a major energy source and a limiting nutrient in comparison to glucose for 2c3.1 cell cultivation in enriched media with low serum.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2005

Natural products are increasingly appreciated as a lead for drug discovery and development. A number of investigators have studied various activities of natural products and have found that they have not only nutritional effects but also beneficial properties to cure various diseases and to maintain good health. Job's Tear(Yul-Moo) is a grass crop that have long been used in traditional medicine and a nourishing food. Job's Tear has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, stomachic, antiallergic activity, and antispastic effects and has been used in China for the treatment of warts, rheumatism, and neuralgia although its mechanism remains unclear. Previous results in our laboratory demonstrated that the ethanol extract and water extract of Job's Tear exerted an immune regulatory function on mice cells in vitro. The present study was performed to investigate the ex vivo effect of Job's Tear on immune function. Seven to eight weeks old mices(Balb/c) were fed ad libitum on chow diet and water extract of Job's Tear were orally administrated every other day for two or four weeks at two different concentrations (50 and 500mg/kg B.W.). Proliferation of mice spenocytes and antibody production to sheep red blood cells(SRBC) using hemolytic plague forming cell assay were used to indicate the immune activity. Splenocytes proliferation of Job's Tear with mitogen stimulation such as Con A and LPS was enhanced at 50 mg/kg B.W. concentrations compared to those of control group. In case of antibody production to sheep red blood cells, the number of antibody- secreting cells was increased by administration of 50mg/kg B.W. concentration in mice immunized as a T-dependent antigen. From the present study, Job's Tear water extracts may be suggested to stimulate the mice immune response by enhancing the splenocytes proliferation and the number of plague forming cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 2000

Angelica gigas Nakai (danggui) is a popular herb which has been used as a blood-building decoction for recovery from weakness in the Chinese medicine. Its demand increased in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries. For its hygiene, fumigation has been used, but the use of fumigants are going to be prohibited for food processing. In order to investigate gamma irradiation technique for hygiene of danggui, the immunomodulation activity of danggui after irradiation was examined. The water extract of irradiated danggui showed a strong mitogenic effect on splenocytes in vitro to the same level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The effect was not different from that of non-danggui. It was tested whether there was any difference between irradiated and non-irradiated danggui in effects on the secretion of antibodies and graft versus host reaction in vivo. It turned out that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of the extract of irradiated danggui for 4 days remarkably increased the number of antibody-secreting cells in mice injected with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Splenomegaly, due to graft versus host reacton, was also increased after 7 days i.p. administration of the extract of danggui in mice injected with allogeneic splenocytes. In these two in vivo test, the effect were not different from those of non-irradiated danggui. These results indicated that immunomodulation activity of danggui might be preserved after irradiation. In the other experiments (data not shown), the irradiated danggui was stable in active component analysis and safe in genetic toxicity test. In further research, the stability in other physiological activity of irradiated danggui will have to be proved before practical application of irradiation for hygiene.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2001

Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus known as an one of the major aquacultured species in Korea were exposed to cadmium(Cd) with different protocols and analyzed the effects of exposure on the immune response. Antibody levels in sera of the group exposed to Cd(20ppb) by immersion method from 2 weeks before immuniztion with formalinised Edwardsiella tarda(E. tarda) KFE entigen to the end of experiment reached to peak level faster than that of the non-exposed group. After this peaking time the levels decreased much at a faster rate compared to the non-exposed group. This tendency was also appeared in the numbers of specific antibody secreting cells(SASC) analyzed with the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT)-assay technique in the splenocytes of the experimental groups exposed to Cd with different ways. Interestingly, the group exposed to Cd for 2 weeks before immunization also showed increased numbers of SASC unlikely the antibody production and suggested a more critical influence of cadmium exposure in early stage of immune reaction. Artificial infection with live E. tarda KFE induces 100% mortality in the flounder exposed to cadmium throughout the experimental period from two weeks before the immunization. It may imply that some other factors related to specific immunity are involving in the defence system of flounder exposed to Cd. Taked together. Cd exposure may induce temporaily stimulatory or indhibitory effects on the immune reaction, but suppress the physiological systems for the resistant against the infective agents with other toxic effects.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.494-498
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• 1989

Hybridoma cell lines, which secrete monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the surface antigens of Cryptosporidium parvum Sporozoites, were produced by fusing spleen cells of C. parvum Sporozoite-immunized mice with P3-X63-Ag8 myeloma cells. Two cloned antibody-secreting cell lines, Kor1 and Ea2, were established and produced IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies, respectively. Percoll-purified sporozoites were solubilized and separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Western blot assay demonstrates that an antigen of 20-kDa was bound by monoclonals. By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, mAb exhibited uniform binding to the sporozoite surface.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 1997

Herpes simpex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infects the genital and oral mucosae of human and other animals. HSV-2 infection is a widespread health problem causing various clinical syndromes including oral, genital, and ocular lesions, viral encephalitis, and recurrent diseases. Hybridorna cell lines secreting a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the HSV-2 were produced by fusing spleen cells of HSV-2-immunized mice with Sp2/0-AgI4 myeloma cells. One hybridoma cell line was established and its monoclonal C-2, IgM, recognized the antigens of 134, 86, and 43 kDa in western blot analysis. In SDS-P AGE analysis of HSV -2 antigens, 25 bands were separated between 3D kDa and 159 kDa. In indirect immunofluorescent assay, mAbs exhibited binding to the virus antigen expressed on Vero cell infected with HSV-2.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.543-547
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• 2019

Toxoplasma gondii can infect humans worldwide, causing serious diseases in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. T. gondii rhoptry protein 13 (ROP13) is known as one of the key proteins involved in host cell invasion. In this study, we generated virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine expressing T. gondii rhoptry ROP13 and investigated VLPs vaccine efficacy in mice. Mice immunized with ROP13 VLPs vaccine elicited significantly higher levels of T. gondii-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA antibody responses following boost immunization and challenge infection, whereas antibody inductions were insignificant upon prime immunization. Differing immunization routes resulted in differing antibody induction, as intranasal immunization (IN) induced greater antibody responses than intramuscular immunization (IM) after boost and challenge infection. IN immunization induced significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA antibody responses from feces, antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), $CD4^+$ T, $CD8^+$ T cells and germinal center B cell responses in the spleen compared to IM immunization. Compared to IM immunization, IN immunization resulted in significantly reduced cyst counts in the brain as well as lesser body weight loss, which contributed to better protection. All of the mice immunized through either route survived, whereas all na?ve control mice perished. These results indicate that the ROP13 VLPs vaccine could be a potential vaccine candidate against T. gondii infection.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-274
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• 2008

Plants have long been used as a food source in Korea. In this study, we investigated the combined immunomodulative effects of a water extract mixture of(pine needles, Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, hijkiaorme, buckwheat and Peril a leaves) on Balb/c mice $7{\sim}8$ weeks old. The mice were fed a chow diet ad libitum and the plant extract was orally administered every other day for four weeks at two different concentrations(50 and 500 mg/kg BW). After preparing the single-cell suspension, splenocyte proliferation was determined by the MTT(3-[4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-y]-2,5-diphenyl terazolium bromide) assay. After 48hrs of incubation with the mitogens(ConA or LPS) splenocyte from the mice groups administered 50 and 500 mg/kg BW of the plant extract showed a significant increased in proliferation compared to the control group. A hemolytic plague forming cell assay was used to indicate antibody production against sheep red blood cells(SRBC). The number of antibody-secreting cells T-dependent antigen. The result of this study suggest that supplementation with this plant extract may regulate immune function by increasing splenocyte proliferation and the number of plaque forming cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.125-125
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• 2001

B cell has been identified as the sensitive cellular target responsible for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) -induced immune suppression. In isolated cell systems, the differentiation of B cells into antibody secreting plasma cells is believed to be inhibited by TCDD. We also have previously demonstrated IgM secretion was suppressed by TCDD in LPS-activated murine B cell line, CH12.LX.(omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.353-358
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• 1995

Escherichia coli causes intestinal and extraintestinal infections and has been an indicator of fecal pollution in water and food. BALB/c mouse was immunized by injection of somatic E. coli (ATCC 8739) cells to produce monoclonal antibodies. Splenocytes of mouse were fused with myeloma cells (Sp2/0-Ag14). Two hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies were established after being cloned. In SDS-PAGE analysis of E. coli antigens 37 protein profiles appeared from 14 kDa to 182 kDa. Western blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies demonstrated that protein antigens of 41 kDa, 38.2 kDa and 31.7 kDa were immunodominant. Monoclonal antibodies DY-CM1 and DY-CM2 recognized 31.7 kDa and 2.0 kDa antigens in Western blot analysis, respectely.