• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-20
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• 1966

1. Of the 32 extracts from Genus of lishenes broth tested for antimicrobial activity, 28 inhibited at least one of the 3 test microorganisms used. 2. Twenty seven lichnes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria M. pyogenes var, aureus 203 p, and twenty four lichenes broth from 32 Species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. 3 Twenty five lichenes broth from 32 species tested were active against at least one of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli 0.126. 4. The antibiotic substances in lichenes were readily extracted by organic solvents.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.118-134
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• 1977

In Korea, antibiotic fermentation industries have just started budding out now. Tetracycline derivative (Pfizer, CKD), Kanamycin (Dongmyung) are produced by fermentation processes. Penicillin, erythromycin, gentamicin, rifamycin, and a few others are being planned for production within a few years by major pharmaceutical and chemical firms in Korea. Reviewing past and present activities in the antibiotic fermentation industries in Korea suggests that the prospects for antibiotics will be very bright.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.147-149
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• 2015

Two terpenoids, including one uniquely aromatized one (1), were isolated from CH₂Cl₂-soluble fraction of MeOH extracts of Curcuma zedoaria. They were identified to be a sesquiterpene ketolactone (1) and orobanone (2), respectively on the basis of their NMR data. The structure of compound 1 was confirmed by X-ray chrystallography and the reported NMR assignments for 1 were revised in this study. Antibiotic activities for compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated using disk diffusion assay. Compound 1 showed potent antibacterial activities against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus pseudointermedius while compound 2 was active against Bacillus cereus.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 2010

The essential oil fraction was extracted from the aerial parts of the plant by steam distillation method and its composition was analyzed by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) which led to the identification of 43 compounds. Dehydroelsholtzia ketone (56.81%) and elsholtzia ketone (30.05%) were identified as the predominant components of this oil. The antibacterial activities of the essential oil fraction were assessed by micro-dilution tests against antibioticsusceptible and -resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and S. typhimurium. The oil inhibited most of the tested strains significantly resulting MICs (minimum inhibiting concentrations) between 2 mg/ml and >16 mg/ml. In most cases of this study Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus showed higher sensitivity to this oil than Salmonella strains.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2011

To obtain soil microorganisms producing antimigratory activity which is important in controlling the metastasis of cancer cells, more than three hundreds of soil microbes were isolated from sixteen soil sources including Namsan mountain and designated as DGU1001-10338. At first, their antibiotic activities were examined by paper-disc method. More than 40 soil microbes produced compounds with antibiotic activity. Then, antimigratory activities of selected soil microorganisms were examined in a sphingosylphosphorylcholine-induced migration assay in PANC-1 cells. Six of 42 soil microorganisms having antibacterial activity also had more than 45% inhibitory activity on migration of PANC-1 cells. These results suggested that selected soil microorganisms were a useful starting point to find compounds for controlling metastasis of cancer cells.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 1994

The induced antibiotic peptides were isolatde from the white-spotted folwer chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis by injection of E. coli suspension to the larvae of the insect. The antibacterial activity of the peptides were assayed by the plate growth ingibition method, and were purified by ion-exchange chromatography, reversed-phase HPLC, ion-exchange HPLC and SDS-PAGE etc. The peptides were estimated as 9 kDa in molecular weight and named Protaecin I and Protaecin II, respectively. Protaecin I and II have strong antibacterial activities against Gram-positivie and/or Gram-negative bacteria, and they are stable in the heat treatment and in the range of pH 2-12.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.384-387
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• 2005

Four new antibiotic peptaibols, named neoatroviridins A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), have been isolated from the culture broth of Trichoderma atroviride. Their amino acid sequences were determined mainly by mass spectrometry in combination with NMR studies. The absolute stereochemistry of neoatroviridins was established as L by GC analysis of their acid hydrolysates with derivatization, except for isovaline which was in D. Neoatroviridins, composed of 18 amino acid residues, showed significant membrane-perturbing activity responsible for their antibiotic action, which was comparable to that of alamethicin, a well-known 20-residue peptaibol.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.473-477
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• 2007

The in vitro antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes of kaempferol isolated from the Impatiens balsamina alone and in combination with erythromycin or clindamycin antibiotics was investigated. The antibiotic combination effect against antibiotic-resistant P. acnes was studied by checkerboard test. Kaempferol and quercetin demonstrated antibacterial activities against P. acnes. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for both compounds were ${\leq}32\;{\mu}g/ml\;and\;{\leq}64{\mu}g/ml$ for clindamycin-sensitive and -resistant P. acnes, respectively. The four combination formulations (kaempferol and either erythromycin or clindamycin; quercetin and either erythromycin or clindamycin) exhibited a synergic inhibition of P. acnes growth. The combination of kaempferol with quercetin showed an indifferent effect. The combination of clindamycin with kaempferol or quercetin showed a greater synergic effect than that of erythromycin with kaempferol or quercetin. Thus, these combinations demonstrated the potential to treat acne.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1978

From the carpophores of Coriolus sanguineus Fr., a bright-red wood-rotting fungus, which were collected at Suwon, an antibiotic component was isolated as red crystal and identified as cinnabarin by UV and IR spectra. The antibiotic activities against five bacteria and three fungi were determined. It showed considerably high activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Bacillus maceraus and also against all the three fungi tested. And from this fungus a sterol was isolated and identified as erogosterol by cochromatographing with four authentic sterols.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

Since many years, continuous low dose antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) has been used for children at a risk for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), especially those with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The incidence of recurrent UTI has been shown to be higher in children with VUR with bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) than in those with VUR without BBD. Therefore, CAP has been recommended for children with BBD and VUR because of the increased risk of UTI. However, the use of CAP has become highly controversial because of bacterial resistance developed due to antibiotic over-usage. The preventive effects of probiotics have been proved in various adult urogenital infections, and the antimicrobial activities of lactobacilli against uropathogens have been demonstrated in previous in vitro studies. However, a critical assessment of their efficacy in children with UTI is lacking. The importance of the use of urogenital probiotics is that it is a natural approach that replenishes the depleted normal flora to create a better environment to fight off uropathogens. Probiotics have a great potential, particularly today with the increasing threat of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.