• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

Lysozyme is present in tears and has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In addition, it acts as a physiological scavenger for harmful substances. In the present study, sixteen tear samples from people of different ages were evaluated for their antibacterial spectrum against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica Typhi). A radial diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial potential of tear samples. To correlate the antibacterial activities of these tear samples, the concentration of lysozyme in the tear samples was also determined. Ampicillin was used as a standard drug. The zone of inhibition (mm) was used to measure the antibacterial property of the tears. All samples showed good antibacterial activities. The tear samples of children showed antibacterial activities in the range of 4.40~5.00 mm inhibition zones against the selected bacterial strains. The tear samples from the young and adults showed good antibacterial potential with a zone of inhibition in the range of 3.20~4.00 and 4.00~5.50 mm, respectively. The tear samples from the old age group showed inhibition zones from 1.50~5 mm. The adult tear samples showed the maximum inhibition against the selected bacterial strains among all groups. The lysozyme concentration was 1.7 mg/mL, 1.95 mg/mL, 2.13 mg/mL, and 1.76 mg/mL for children, young, adults, and elderly, respectively. In conclusion, the tears from adults have the high inhibition potential. In addition, this data also showed that the lysozyme contents in the tear sample increased with age until 40~42 years.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.577-587
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• 2016

Natural dye extracted from Salicornia bigelovii was applied to silk fabrics by dip dyeing process. The dyeing properties and the functionalities of the silk fabrics were determined. Factors affecting the dyeing properties such as dyestuff concentration, temperature, time and pH were studied. The colorimetric parameters $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, and H, V/C values were measured to select the optimal mordanting conditions. The color-fastnesses of the dyed and mordanted fabrics were estimated for practical use; in addition, the antibacterial property, ultraviolet protection properties were evaluated. The dyeabilities of silk increased depending on the increasing dye concentration, dyeing time, and dyeing temperature. And optimum dyeing results were achieved when dyeing with 300% (o.w.f.) of dye concentration at $90^{\circ}C$ for 100 minutes and at pH 3. The dyed silk fabrics without mordants produced yellow (Y) color and showed yellow (Y) or green yellow (GY) colors depending on the mordants type. The light fastness of dyed and Al mordanted silk fabrics were found to be excellent, and the drycleaning and rubbing fastness were good. The dyed silk fabrics showed no antibacterial property, but Al and Cu mordanted silk fabrics showed 99.9% reduction rate. The ultraviolet protection properties of the dyed silk fabric was improved. And the ultraviolet protection properties of mordanted samples showed very good ultraviolet protection properties.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1036-1044
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• 2008

This research from analyzing dyed silk fabrics treated with persimmon juice by padding concludes as follows : The add on is increased as the number of padding increase and the color of the dyed fabrics holds red-yellow colors which has low brightness and high chromatic colors. The fabrics dyed with persimmon juice have properties such as 2nd grade of light fastness, 4~5th grade of perspiration fastness and rubbing fastness, and 3~4th grade of washing fastness. The dyed fabrics exposed to UV light have deeper yellow-red color than things exposed to sunlight. The silk fabrics treated premordants have shown strong yellow colors, especially the fabrics added Fe mordant have shown greenish red-yellow colors. As the padding times of dyeing with persimmon juice are increased, strength and water-repellent property are enhanced along warp and weft direction respectively but anti-crease property is decreased. Also, the dyed fabrics have good antibacterial activity and deodorization.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

Fabric made of 100% silk was dyed with Undaria pinnatifida extracts under different conditions such as varing colorant concentration, temperature, time and dyebath pH. The dye uptake (K/S, value), CIE L*,a*,b* and Munsell values of the dyed samples and mordanted samples were measured. Colorfastness, antibacterial property and UV protection property were also evaluated. As colorants concentration increased, the dye uptake increased progressively and maximum color strength was obtained at 100% V/V. Dye uptake also increased with increasing temperature and time, and the maximum color strength was obtained at $80^{\circ}C$ and 60min. With pre-mordanting, the color of the Al and Fe mordanted silk fabrics was yellow on the Munsell color system, while the Cu mordanted fabric was a greenish color. Al and Fe post-mordanted fabrics had a yellow tone, and the Cu post-mordanted fabric had a yellow greenish tone. The light fastness property of the Cu mordanted silk fabric was relatively good, The effect of Al and Fe mordanting on fastness was insignificant. The antibacterial activity of dyed and unmordanted silk fabric was excellent, whereas fabric dyed and mordanted with Undaria pinnatifida extract demonstrated superior ultraviolet protection.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.304-309
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• 2010

Scutellaria pinnatifida A. Hamilt. (Lamiaceae) is an endemic Turkish herb. This plant is also endemic to Iran, and grows abundantly in other central and western Asian countries. Several species of the Scutellaria are known for their traditional uses in the treatment of hypertension, arteriosclerosis, inflammatory diseases, hepatitis, allergy, cancer and diarrhoea. Free-radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of the n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of S. pinnatifida were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtitre plate based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The DCM and MeOH extracts exhibited free-radical-scavenging property, with the $RC_{50}$ values of 0.362 and 0.127 mg/ml, respectively. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the 50% aqueous-MeOH fraction showed the highest level of free-radicalscavenging activity ($RC_{50}$ = 0.039 mg/ml). While the DCM extract showed low level of antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli, the MeOH extract was active against B. cereus, B. subtilis, E. coli and ampicillin-resistant E. coli. However, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the MeOH extract against these bacterial strains were >10 mg/ml. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps ($LD_{50}$ = > 1.00 mg/ml).

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2001

Underwears treated by aroma capsule(UTA) have been known to have many advantages than normal underwears, for example, UTA has antimicrobial and deodorant properties. In this experiment, we examined antimicrobial and deodorant effect of UTA treated by rose and lemon fragrance, Mechanical properties of UTA including surface property, bending property and shear property were also tested. The results are as follows,1. The effects of antibacterial is estimated as 33% and the efficiency of deodouration is about 95 % in UTA. 2. The fragrance of UTA maintained even after 25 times washout. 3. Bending and shear properties were not changed in UTA However it decreased the coefficient of friction of the textures and the smooth surface was detected when the human skin was contacted.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.279-284
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• 2011

Phytochemical studies on the whole extract of Sedum hybridum L., a Mongolian medicinal plant, has been undertaken to isolate active principles responsible for its anti-oxidative and antibacterial activities. Eighteen known compounds, i.e. (1) quercetin, (2) kaempferol, (3) herbacetin-8-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranoside, (4) myricetin, (5) gossypetin-8-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranoside, (6) gallic acid, (7) 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-D-glucopyranose, (8) 6-O-galloylarbutin, (9) myricetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinofuranoside, (10) quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinofuranoside, (11) caffeic acid, (12) ethylgallate, (13) (-) epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, (14) palmitic acid, (15) stearic acid, (16) stearic acid ethyl ether, (17) ${\beta}$-sitosterol and (18) ${\beta}$-sitosteryl-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranose have been isolated and their molecular structures identified by spectroscopic analysis. Thirteen substances including seven flavonol components (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10), five gallic acid derivatives (6, 7, 8, 12 and 13) and caffeic acid (11) exhibited significant, dose-dependent, DPPH radical scavenging activity. Galloyl esters 12 and 13 were revealed to be main active principles for the antibacterial property of the extract of Sedum hybridum L.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2009

The in vitro antibacterial activities of honeybee(Apis mellifera. L) venom collected by a bee venom collector were investigated against several bacteria including antibiotic-susceptible and resistant Propionibacterium acnes. Honeybee venom was prepared with different concentrations and they showed strong antibacterial activites. Honeybee venom inhibited the growth of the tested antibiotic-resistant P. acnes at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory activities of the honeybee venom showed time-dependent manner. Honeybee venom did not influence the viability of human dermal fibroblast at the high concentration of less than 10 mg/ml. From these results, we expect that honeybee venom has strong antibacterial activities and has advantage for treating cure.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2002

For the austenitic stainless steel (304L) manufactured by metal injection molding(MIM), the effects of copper content and sintering temperature on the mechanical properties, antibacterial activities, corrosion resistance, and electric resistances were investigated. The specimens were prepared by injection molding of the premixed powders of water-atomized 304 L and Cu with poly-acetyl binders. The green compacts were prepared with various copper contents from 0 to 10 wt.% Cu, which were debound thermally at 873 K for 7.2 ks in $N_2$gas atmosphere and subsequently sintered at various temperatures from 1323 K to 1623 K for 7.2 ks in Ar gas atmosphere. The relative density and tensile strength of the sintered compacts showed the minimum values at 5 and 8 wt.% Cu, respectively. Both the relative density and the tensile strength of the specimen with 10 wt.% Cu sintered at 1373 K showed the highest values, higher than those of copper-free specimen. Antibacterial activities investigated by the plastic film contact printing method for bacilli and the quantitative analysis of copper ion dissolved in water increased as the increase of the copper content to stainless steels. It was also verified by the measurement of pitting potential that the copper addition in 304 L could improve the corrosion resistance. Furthermore the electric conductivity increased with the increase of copper content.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.744-751
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• 2014

Electrospinning was used to load curcumin (a natural compound that has antiinflammatory properties) into zein nanofibers. An emulsifier, Tween 80, was combined with curcumin in the zein nanofibers. The morphology of the curcumin-loaded zein nanofibers (CLZNFs) was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Investigation of curcumin released from the zein nanofibers into phosphate buffer saline at pH 7 indicated that the Tween 80 had increased the amount of curcumin released from the CLZNFs. The antibacterial activity of the CLZNFs against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was determined by measuring the optical density of bacterial solutions containing CLZNFs. The zein nanofibers fabricated with 10 wt% surfactant and 1.6 wt% curcumin showed high (i.e., 83%) efficiency in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus in the solution incubated for 21 h. These results suggest that the electrospun CLZNFs show potential application as antibacterial nonwoven mats.