• Mycobiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2012

Nuruk contributes to the unique characteristics of Korean alcoholic beverages. In this study, the effects of nuruk extracts (NE) on anti-oxidant characters, melanogenesis, and anti-photoaging activity were investigated. NEs were obtained from the 70% ethanol extracts of six types of nuruk, which have been used in brewing of fermented alcohol beverages in Korea. First, various antioxidant characteristics were identified in terms of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiozoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression, and inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity. NE#4 exhibited potent ABTS radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$ = 19.51 ${\mu}g$/mL). Compared with NE#4, relatively lower levels of activity were observed for NE#3 and NE#6, with $IC_{50}$ values of 90.99 and 76.88 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively. According to results of western blot analysis for determination of SOD expression in $H_2O_2$-treated HepG2 cells, NE#5 and NE#6 induced a dramatic increase in the expression ratio of SOD, compared to the group treated with $H_2O_2$ only. Activity of xanthine oxidase, which converts xanthine into uric acid, generating superoxide ions, was inhibited by NE#4 and NE#6 in a dose-dependent manner. NE#4 induced significant inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity. A reduction in cellular melanin contents of 80% was observed in B16F1 melanocytes treated with NE#5 and NE#6; these effects were similar to those of arbutin at 100 ${\mu}M$. In addition, gelatin zymography and reverse transcription-PCR analysis were performed for assessment of anti-photoaging activity of Nuruk. Treatment with NE#6 resulted in dramatically inhibited activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9, suppressed expression of MMP-1, and increased expression of type-1 procollagen. Results of gelatin zymography for NE#4 and NE#5 were similar, to a slightly lesser degree. These results suggest the potential of NE#4 and NE#6 as natural ingredients for use in functional foods and cosmetics.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.116.3-116.3
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• 2002

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2018

본 연구는 좁은잎천선과나무 잎 추출물을 식의약품 소재 등 천연물 소재로 활용하기 위하여 항산화 및 항염증 활성에 대한 예비 평가를 기술하였다. 좁은잎천선과나무는 70% 에탄올을 사용하여 추출한 다음 헥산, 디클로로메탄, 에틸아세테이트 및 부탄올을 사용하여 순차적으로 분획하였다. 항산화 및 항염증제 효과를 효과적으로 스크리닝하기 위해 좁은잎천선과나무 잎 추출물이 산화 스트레스(DPPH, xanthine oxidase and superoxide) 생성에 미치는 억제 효과를 확인하였다. 또한, LPS로 활성화된 대식세포 RAW 264.7 세포에서 염증성 인자(NO, iNOS, COX-2, $PGE_2$, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$)의 생성에 대한 좁은잎천선과나무 잎 추출물의 억제 효과를 확인하였다. 좁은잎천선과 나무 잎 추출물의 용매분획물 중 디클로로메탄과 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 산화 스트레스(DPPH, xanthine oxidase and superoxide)의 생성 감소가 있었고, 좁은잎천선과나무 잎 추출물의 헥산과 디클로로메탄 분획물은 염증 유발인자(NO, iNOS, COX-2, $PGE_2$, IL-6, and $IL-1{\beta}$)의 생성을 억제하였다. 또한, 디클로로메탄 분획물은 염증성 사이토카인($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and $IL-1{\beta}$)의 생성을 억제하였다. 이러한 결과는 좁은잎천선과나무 잎 추출물이 산화 스트레스 및 염증 유발 인자에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있어 산화방지제 및 항염증제와 같은 천연물 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.901-907
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea catechin o n free radical generation system and peroxidative damage in the liver of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Spragu-Dawley male rats weighing 150$\pm$10gm were randomly assigned to one normal and three STZ-induced diabetic groups; diabetic groups were classified to catechin free diet(DM-oC group), 0.5% catechin diet(DM-0.5C group) and 1% catechin diet(DM-1C group) according to the levels of dietary catechin supplementation. Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of 55mg/kg of body wt of STZ in citrate buffer(pH 4.3) after feeding of three experimental diet for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed at the 6th day of diabetic states. Activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GPT) in DM-oC groups were higher than those of the normal group, and those in catechin supplementation group were similar to those of the normal group. Liver lipid peroxide values increased by 153%, 49%, and 27% in Dm-oC, DM-0.5C and DM-0C and Dm-1C but was not significantly different in catechin supplementation groups compared with the normal group, and liver cytochrome $P_{450}$ contents was similar to result of XOD activity. In electron microscopic examination of liver, lysosome was relatively scattered in Dm-oC and Dm-0.5C group and preserved normal shapes in DM-1C group. The present results indicate that STZ-induced diabetic rats are more sensitive to oxidative stress, leading to the acceleration of lipid peroxidation process, but this was reduced by anti-oxidative effect of high level of dietary catechin. It is concluded that dietary catechin serves as powerful antioxidant against lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.380-387
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• 2013

건천마와 발효천마의 추출물을 이용하여 항노화 활성과 신경성장인자 유도효과를 비교하였다. 항산화 활성을 비교하여 측정한 결과 모든 추출물에서 비교적 높은 항산화력을 나타내었으며, 발효하지 않은 건천마 추출물보다 발효과정을 거친 발효천마 추출물에서 다소 높은 항산화력을 나타내었다. Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)와 xanthine oxidase(XOase) 저해 활성을 측정한 결과 DW 추출에서 DPPH가 건천마 $64.14{\pm}0.89%$, 발효천마 $66.21{\pm}1.03%$으로 나타났고, ABTS가 건천마 $54.15{\pm}1.37%$, 발효천마 $60.24{\pm}2.25%$로 나타났다. 70% EtOH추출에서도 유사한 결과를 보여 발효천마 추출물이 ACE에 대해 높은 저해활성을 나타내었으나, XOase에 대하여 발효 및 건천마 추출물의 차이는 크지 않다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그리고 nerve growth factor (NGF) 활성 측정 결과 모든 추출물에서 40%의 신경돌기 성장효과를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 건천마와 발효천마의 추출물을 상대로 천마의 항노화 활성과 신경성장인자 유도효과에 대한 기능성을 탐색한 결과 발효천마가 건천마보다 우수한 생리기능성을 가지는 것을 알 수 있어, 발효과정을 통하면 천마의 활용도를 높일 수 있다는 것을 증명할 수 있었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.683-692
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• 2004

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a major naturally-occurring polyphenol of Curcuma species, which is commonly used as a yellow coloring and flavoring agent in foods. Curcumin has shown anti-carcinogenic activity in animal models. Curcumin possesses anti-inflammatory activity and is a potent inhibitor of reactive oxygen-generating enzymes such as lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase, xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase; and an effective inducer of heme oxygenase-1. Curcumin is also a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C(PKC), EGF(Epidermal growth factor)-receptor tyrosine kinase and LĸB kinase. Subsequently, curcumin inhibits the activation of NF(nucleor factor)KB and the expressions of oncogenes including c-jun, c-fos, c-myc, NIK, MAPKs, ERK, ELK, PI3K, Akt, CDKs and iNOS. It is proposed that curcumin may suppress tumor promotion through blocking signal transduction path-ways in the target cells. The oxidant tumor promoter TPA activates PKC by reacting with zinc thiolates present within the regulatory domain, while the oxidized form of cancer chemopreventive agent such as curcumin can inactivate PKC by oxidizing the vicinal thiols present within the catalytic domain. Recent studies indicated that proteasome-mediated degradation of cell proteins playa pivotal role in the regulation of several basic cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, cell cycling, and apoptosis. It has been demonstrated that curcumin-induced apoptosis is mediated through the impairment of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Curcumin was first biotransformed to dihydrocurcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin and that these compounds subsequently were converted to monoglucuronide conjugates. These results suggest that curcumin-glucuronide, dihydrocurcumin-glucuronide, tetrahydrocurcumin-glucuronide and tetrahydrocurcumin are the major metabolites of curcumin in mice, rats and humans.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 흑진미(Oryza sativa cv. Heugjinmi) 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 및 미백 관련 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 검증하고자 항산화 및 미백 관련 인자들의 효능을 분석하였다. 그 결과, SOD 유사 활성, FRAP, 환원력, xanthine oxidase 저해 활성, elastase저해 활성에서 대조군과 유사한 활성을 나타내었다. Tyrosinase 저해 활성은 열수 추출물에서는 효과가 없었고 에탄올 추출물에서는 59%의 억제 활성을 나타내었다. 에탄올 추출물은 B16F10 세포주에서 생존율에 영향을 미치지 않을 농도인 25, 50, 100 ㎍/mL 농도에서 cellular tyrosinase와 멜라닌 생합성을 저해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2의 mRNA 발현을 확인한 결과는 최고농도인 100 ㎍/mL에서 각각 37%, 51%, 34%의 억제율을 보였다. 따라서 흑진미(O. sativa) 추출물은 항산화 및 미백 관련 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2017

This study was performed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks administration of snail extract on free radical formation in old female rats (27 weeks). Rats administrated orally with snail extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, chondroitin sulfate 10 mg/kg and 0.9% saline (control) for 8 weeks. Hematologic profiles and hepatic enzymes were all normal. Results of analysis on snail extract were naicin, Na, protein, sugar, beta-carotene, vitamin (A, B1, B2, B6, C, E), folic acid, phosphorus, lipid, K, cholesterol, chondroitin. Hepatic lipid peroxidase content was decreased, aldehyde oxidase was decreased, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S transferase were not changed, but xanthine oxidase, catalase and superoxidase activities were significantly increased in snail extract fed group (p<0.001). Therefore, as the result of this study, it could be expected that the administration of snail extract for 8weeks is the potential to be use as a hepatic anti-oxidative agent.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2007

The most extensively used synthetic antioxidants are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). However BHT and BRA have been suspented of being responsible for liver damage andcar cinogenesis. Therefore, the importance of the search and exploitation of natural antioxidant, especially of plant origin, has greatly increased in recent years. Plant contain a wide variety of chemicals that have potent biological effects. As a result, there has been a growing interest in the use of herbs as a source of therapeutic drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant and cosmeceutical of natural materials. The antioxidant and cosmeceutical activity of natural materials were investigated by hydroxyl radical scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD) -like, xanthine oxidase inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, anti-microbial and astringent.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.528-535
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• 2005

부위간의 DPPH free radical scavenging 활성은 과육은 종자 보다 높았고 생육시기간에는 후기가 초기에 비하여 높았고, Xanthine oxidase 억제활성은 종자와 과육에 비하여 매우 높았고 동정된 항 산화물은 대부분이 지방산 및 페놀성 화합물로, 과육 및 종자가 성숙 될수록 1-eicosanol, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid 등의 지방산 및 benzonitrile의 함량이 증가되었다. 시료 채취 시기간의 POD활성은 과육은 성숙중기에 높았으나, 종자는 성숙이 경과될수록 낮았다. SOD 활성은 과육은 생육이 경과할수록 증가하였으나, 종자는 성숙할수록 낮아졌다. 고추종자 단백질은 western blot에 의하여 lunasin이 동정되었고, 개화 후 5주부터 lunasin 생합성 되었다. 고추 종자내의 100nM lunasin 펩타이드는 종양유발 유전자가 전이된 $2\~12$ 세포의 콜로니 형성을 억제시켰으며, 결과적으로 고추 종자내에는 암 예방적 특성을 갖는 lunasin peptide가 존재한다.