• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2020

Background: BIOGF1K, a fraction of Panax ginseng, has desirable antimelanogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antiphotoaging properties that could be useful for treating skin conditions. Because its potential positive effects on allergic reactions in skin have not yet been described in detail, this study's main objective was to determine its efficacy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to verify the compounds in BIOGF1K, and we used the (3-4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method to determine its cytotoxicity in RBL-2H3 and HMC-1 cell lines. RBL-2H3 cells were induced using both anti-DNP-IgE/DNP-BSA and calcium ionophore (A2187) treatments, whereas HMC-1 cells were induced using A2187 alone. To measure mast cell degranulation, we performed histamine (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and β-hexosaminidase assays. To quantify interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in RBL-2H3 cells, we performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR); to quantify expression levels of IL-4 and IL-13 in HMC-1 cells, we used semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Finally, we detected the total and phosphorylated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p-38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase proteins by immunoblotting. Results: BIOGF1K decreased the AD response by reducing both histamine and β-hexosaminidase release as well as reducing the secretion levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in RBL-2H3 cells and IL-4 and IL-13 in HMC-1 cells. In addition, BIOGF1K decreased MAPK pathway activation in RBL-2H3 and HMC-1 cells. Conclusions: BIOGF1K attenuated the AD response, hence supporting its use as a promising and natural approach for treating AD.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2012

In order to investigate the possibility of Kamisamultang(KMSMT) as therapeutic for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD), cytotoxicity, anti-oxidant activity, modulatory and suppression activities of KMSMT were tested. 90% or higher cell viability was observed in all tested groups from 25 to 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ using Raw 264.7 cells. KMSMT showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with more than 80% scavenging activities at 400 and 800 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations. KMSMT showed dose-dependent suppression activity of reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, especially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 42.6%. KMSMT decreased nitric oxide(NO) production activity dose dependently, expecially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 30.9%. IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-${\alpha}$ production rate were decreased by 45.7%, 15.5%, 8.9%, 16.5% respectively when Raw 264.7 cells were treated with LPS and with KMSMT of 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. However, only IL-$1{\beta}$ and MCP-1 showed significant changes. The results above strongly suggest the modulatory and suppressive effect of KMSMT. The results above indicate that KMSMT significantly reduces the effect of oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. The use of KMSMT in atopic dermatitis can be widely suggested.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by itchy and age-dependent lesions. Previous studies have shown that pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) significantly improved chronic ulcers and ununited fractures, providing an evidence for the application of PEMF in resolving inflammation caused by AD. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of PEMF on DNCB-induced AD in animal models. Five male hairless mice (6 weeks old) per group were assigned to a normal group, a sham group, and two PEMF groups (15Hz, 75Hz). Mice were treated with 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce uniform AD among all groups excluding a normal group. To examine the inflammatory progress and the improvement of AD after the PEMF stimulation, images are taken with various cameras for non-invasive evaluation and the results are expressed using principal component analysis (PCA) for visualization. The results of this study demonstrated that PEMF effectively improved skin lesions without the use of drugs.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2012

To investigate the clinical aspects of CHT in atopic dermatitis (AD) treatments, the effect of CHT in anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory cytokines were tested. 100% or higher cell viability was observed in all tested groups from 25 to 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ using Raw 264.7 cells. CHT showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with more than 90% scavenging activities at 800 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations. CHT showed dose-dependent suppression activity of ROS production, especially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 37.5%. CHT decreased NO production activity, with significant decrease of 33.2% at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-${\alpha}$ production rate were decreased by approximately 25% when Raw 264.7 cells were treated with LPS and with CHT of 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Also, IL-$1{\beta}$ production rate was decreased by 25% at 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The results above indicate that CHT significantly reduces the effect of oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. The use of CHT in dermatitis can be widely suggested.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.145-170
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the anti inflammatory and anti allergy effects of Vitex rotundifolia Linne fil. extract(VRE). Results : 1. In vitro test, VRE was used to determine the modulation of cytokine secretion, the activation of inflammatory and allergic factor and the inhibition of gene expression. The cell survival rate of Raw 264.7 and Jurkat T cells didn't decrease and accordingly cytotoxicity wasn't observed. In anti-allergic assay, the secretion of IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-${\gamma}$ were suppressed on Jurkat T cells induced by dust mites. And the gene expression of COX-2 was suppressed in HMC-1 stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187. In anti-inflammatory assay, the gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2 were suppressed on LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells. And the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 were suppressed on EoL-1 cells induced by dust mites. P38 and ERK activation of MAPK decreased generally. VRE showed potent inhibitory activity of NO production. 2. In vivo test, we used NC/Nga mouse induced by atopic dermatitis to observe the effects of VRE on the weight, water and feed, blood test, weight of organs, total IgE and histological change of main organs. Quantity of water and feed were not changed, therefore it didn't affect the weight directly, and no change was observed in related main organs, thus maybe there is no organ toxicity by test substances. And the symptoms were decreased significantly, and the thickness of epithelial cell layer and the number of mast cells were inhibited significantly by the difference of dosage. The number of total complete blood cells and IgE in serum were not changed significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that VRE has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Therefore VRE could be used effectively on improvement or treatment of atopic dermatitis. However, further study is needed to prove which component of VRE indicates effective pharmacological action.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate whether herb mixture extract (HME) would affect allergic contact dermatitis induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. For this, the level of blood IgE was identified. To evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of HME, we tested HMC-1 cells stimulated by PMA+A231867. Methods : In order to evaluate allergic contact dermatitis effects we observed HME on contact-hypersensitive skin of Balb/cmice induced by 0.5% DNCB and measured concentration of IgE in blood of Balb/c mice. In order to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of cytokine expression we used the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : We confirmed deep wounds, erosions, progress of keratinization and drop out of dead skin cells from Balb/c mice induced by 0.5% DNCB. We also observed a remarkable decrease in symptoms of atopic dermatitis in the group that received injection of 200mg/kg HME. In addition, in the measurement outcome for IgE concentration in blood, we confirmed that IgE concentration was increased by treatment with DNCB only, while it was markedly decreased by treatment with HME. We confirmed that cytokine expression decreased through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and pERK, pJNK, and pp38 also decreased through western blot test Conclusions : According to the above results, HME has some effect on alleviating symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis and has anti-inflammatory effects.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2007년도 Proceedings of The Convention
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• pp.67-73
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• 2007

There have been various inflammatory skin disorders in humans including atopic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis. Although some drugs have been used for these disorders, there is an urgent need for safer and more effective topical anti-inflammatory agents. Plant flavonoids possess anti-inflammatory activity and some of them have multiple pharmacological mechanisms, inhibition of eicosanoid metabolizing enzymes, histamine release and/or down-regulation of pro inflammatory gene expression. These properties of flavonoids may be suitable for treating chronic skin inflammatory disorders. Especially, wogonin, some prenylated flavonoids and biflavonoids have a strong potential as new anti-inflammatory agents by topical application.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.705-713
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• 2019

Avocado, superfood, contains a variety of essential nutrients and phytochemicals. The purpose of this study was to explore whether avocado could modulate skin inflammation in vivo. We elucidated the pharmacological effects of avocado on compound 48/80- or histamine-induced scratching behaviors and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in mice. Additionally, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of avocado and its underlying mechanism including its effect on the expression levels of inflammatory-related genes and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions. The findings of this study demonstrate that avocado attenuated AD-clinical symptoms including itching, eczematous, erythema and dryness and histamine levels in mice. Moreover, avocado suppressed both inflammatory cytokines expression as well as NF-κB and caspase-1 activation in AD-like skin lesions in mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that avocado may be a potential candidate for treating skin inflammatory diseases like AD.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.342-348
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• 2019

Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng; Korean ginseng) is well known for its medicinal properties. It can alleviate pathological symptoms, promote health, and prevent potential diseases via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, homeostatic, and other positive effects on biological metabolism. Although many studies have determined effects of P. ginseng on various diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurological, and immunological diseases, little is known about the effect of P. ginseng on autoimmune diseases. Here, we review a few reports about effects of P. ginseng on autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis) and suggest the possibility of P. ginseng as a candidate herbal medicine to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases as well as the need to study it.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.583-591
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 밤나무 과실의 속껍질인 율피를 이용하여 알레르기성 피부질환 기능성 원료로 사용 가능성을 조사하였다. 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 1 mg/mL에서 각각 $73.85{\pm}1.78$, $81.32{\pm}1.73{\mu}g/mL$였으며, 동일한 농도에서 총 플라보노이드 함량은 $18.72{\pm}0.20$, $14.70{\pm}0.21{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 항산화 활성으로 율피 열수 추출물과 율피 발효추출물의 전자공여능은 1 mg/mL에서 각각 $73.74{\pm}1.18$, $67.17{\pm}1.87%$로 나타났으며, superoxide anion radical 소거능은 동일한 농도에서 각각 $91.58{\pm}2.51$, $100.15{\pm}4.30%$로 두 그룹 간 항산화 활성은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. HS68 세포를 대상으로 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물에 대한 세포 독성을 조사 한 결과, 율피 발효추출물에서 율피 추출물과 비교 시 세포 생존율이 1.33배 증가하였다. 또한 LPS로 유도된 RAW264.7 대식세포에서 0.05 mg/mL 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물 처리에 의한 NO생산량은 각각 $36.27{\pm}4.52$, $29.56{\pm}4.91{\mu}M$로 율피 발효 추출물 처리군에서 항염증 활성이 유의적으로 높았다. 아토피 유발 NC/Nga 마우스 모델에서 율피 열수추출물 및 율피 발효추출물을 도포하여 육안 상 관찰한 피부 병변은 율피 열수추출물 처리군에서 대조군과 비교해 피부 형태학적으로 일부 호전되는 경향을 보였으나, 율피 발효추출물 처리군은 멜라닌 함량과 피부 홍반의 감소 등 뚜렷한 개선효과를 보였으며 정상군과 유사한 피부 형태를 나타내었다. 또한 피부에 존재하는 염증성 사이토카인인 IL-$1{\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현이 율피 열수추출물과 비교 시 율피 발효추출물에서는 각각 13.68, 3.63% 억제되었다. 이는 in vitro 실험과 유사하게 염증과 관련된 유전자의 발현을 저해함으로써 율피 발효추출물이 염증억제 효과는 물론 항아토피 효능을 나타내는 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 율피 열수추출물 뿐만 아니라 율피 발효추출물 역시 아토피 피부질환을 개선하는데 유용한 물질로 활용될 수 있는 효과적인 조성물이라 사료된다.