• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.999-1006
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• 2015

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) has been used as a medicinal plant due to its biological activity. This study investigated the inhibitory effects on carbohydrase and anti-inflammatory effects of hot-water extract (WEM) and ethanol extract (EEM) from dried bitter melon cultivated in Korea. The inhibitory activities of EEM against ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase were over 70% at 4,000 ppm. The inhibitory activities of EEM were significantly higher than those of WEM at all concentrations. The anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. EEM did not show cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 cells at the test concentrations. Moreover, the inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was significantly increased by the addition of EEM. These findings suggest that EEM has good inhibitory effect on carbohydrase and anti-inflammatory activity and it has potential as a source of natural functional material.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.258-263
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• 1994

Ohjuksan has been used for the treatment of cold and pantalgia in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract from Ohjuksan (OJSE) was investigated utilizing acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis in rats. The effects of this agent on acute toxicity and acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome in mice were also examined. OJSE did not showed acute toxicity at 2400mg/kg (p.o.) and 1200mg/kg(i.p.) body weight. It was also showed to have significant analgesic action on the writhing syndrome in mice induced by 0.7% acetic acid at 300,600mg/kg body weight. It showed anti-inflammatory activity in 5% acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis with oral administration in rats and exhibited significant preventive effect on edema at 300 and 600mg/kg(p<0.01). In the method of adjuvant arthritis, orally administered for 19 days, it inhibited the hind paw edema in rats with 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight from 5 th day to 19th day. These results suggest that OJSE had analgesic and anti-inflammatory action.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.55-58
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• 2004

The fruit and seeds of Butea monosperma (Lam) Kuntze (Fabaceae) are useful in piles, anthelmintic, eye diseases, and inflammation in the Indian system of medicine. Hence, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of the fixed oil, mixed fatty acids, and unsaponifiable matter of B. monosperma against carrageenan-induced paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats. The fixed oil, mixed fatty acids, and unsaponifiable matter of the oil exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity on the tested experimental animal models. The unsaponifiable matter of the oil produced higher protection compared to fixed oil and mixed fatty acids. Phytochemical analysis of the fixed oil revealed the presence of steroids and terpenoids while unsaponifiable matter of the oil showed the presence of ${\beta}-sitosterol$. Also, four fatty acids were identified in the fixed oil by gas liquid chromatography. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fixed oil may be due to unsaponifiable matter or combination of unsaponifiable matter and mixed fatty acids.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.315-319
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• 2009

In present study evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the compound obtained from the petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$) extract of the fruits from Dregea volubilis in Swiss albino mice and in Wister albino rats respectively. Dried and crushed fruits of Dregea volubilis were extracted by petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$), the proper solvent system was developed by TLC and subjected to column chromatography for obtaining the pure compound/s. IR, MASS, NMR (PMR, C13 NMR and DEPT) spectroscopic analysis were done to elucidate the structure of the compound/s. The petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$) extract of the fruits of Dregea volubilis led to isolation of a pentacyclic triterpenoid designated as taraxerone and characterized as D- friedoolean- 14- en, 3 one. Taraxerone had been screened for analgesic activity in Swiss albino mice and anti-inflammatory activity in Wister albino rats at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight orally and exhibit significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.324-330
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• 2013

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolia of seeds oil on RAW264.7 macrophages and TPA (12-O-tetra decanoylphorbol-acetate)-induced ear edema mice. MTT assay method to measure cytotoxicity was formed in RAW264.7 cell. The anti-inflammatory effect was measured by ability to inhibit production nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cell. Hexane and eight-percent methanol fractions from Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil did not show cytotoxicity. Hexane and eight-percent methanol fractions were showed significantly inhibitory effect on NO production. TPA-induced acute edema was developed in the mouse ears, and Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil dissolved in acetone was applied to inflamed ears. It was found out that Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil could significantly reduce th ear swelling, compared to the control. Overall results indicate that the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil has anti-inflammatory activity and could be used as a resource of anti-inflammatory materials.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to measure and compare polyphenol content, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of six halophytes (Limonium tetragonum, Suaeda glauca, Suaeda japonica, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, and Sonchus brachyotus). Depending on the total polyphenol content, the plants were categorized into two groups: (1) a high total polyphenol content group that included L. tetragonum, S. brachyotus, and S. europaea, and, (2) a low total polyphenol content group consisting of S. glauca, T. maritima, and S. japonica. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, and by measuring ROS. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring NO and $PGE_2$. L. tetragonum and S. brachyotus, that have high polyphenol content, also showed strong antioxidant activity. In addition, L. tetragonum, S. brachyotus, and S. europaea showed good anti-inflammatory activity. Consequently, the total polyphenol content was thought to be related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, S. brachyotus and L. tetragonum are good candidates for use in pharmaceuticals and functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.618-621
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• 2016

Geranium thunbergii is a perennial plant commonly used as an oriental medicine for prevention of diarrhea, constipation, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, its anti-inflammatory effect has not been evaluated thus far. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of G. thunbergii. In this study, G. thunbergii extracted with methanol; this methanol extract was further partitioned using various solvents, and G. thunbergii ethyl acetate fraction (GTEF) was obtained. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of G. thunbergii, the effects of GTEF on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. GTEF suppressed NO production in a dose-dependent manner without any toxic effects. In addition, western blotting was performed to examine the effect of GTEF on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. These results suggest that GTEF as a phytoextract may be useful for the prevention or treatment of inflammation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 1998

Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San have been used for the treatment of neuralgia and arthritis in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activities of Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San water extract (CBSE and CCBSE) on the carrageenin induced edema, Corton oil induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats were examined. The analgesic effects of the CBSE and CCBSE were also investigated utilizing acetic acid induced writhing syndrome in mice. The oral administration of CBSE and CCBSE showed to have the anti-inflammatory activities in 1% carrageenin induced edema in rats. They also showed significant inhibitory effects on granuloma and exudate formation in rats. In the method of adjuvant arthritis, they orally administered for 19 days, inhibited the hind paw edema in rats from 3rd day to 19th day, especially CCBSE has the efficacy more than CBSE. They significantly decreased the number of writhing syndromes induced by acetic acid in mice. In the present study, CBSE and CCBSE were indicated to have the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.444-449
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• 2010

Ulmus davidiana var. japonica is a deciduous tree used in traditional medicine. In this study, we examined the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and compounds isolated from U. davidiana var. japonica stem barks for development of cosmetic phyto-materials. Phytochemical examination of the stem bark led to the isolation and characterization of three known compounds, (+)-catechin (1), (+)-catechin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-apiofuranoside (2), and procyanidin B3 ((+)-catechin-($4{\alpha}{\to}8$)-(+)-catechin) (3). Their bioactivities including antioxidant (DPPH ree radical scavenging assay) activity, anti-inflammatory (nitric oxide nhibition assay) were evaluated. Most of the crude extracts and isolates indicated significant antioxidant potential compared with BHT and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol as controls. Futhermore, all compounds showed higher inhibitory activities for NO production in Raw 264.7 cells than the L-NMMA using the positive control. Eespecially, (+)-catechin (1) and (+)-catechin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-apiofuranoside (2) which could inhibit more than 90% of the NO production at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$, implying excellent anti-inflammatory activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3265-3271
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• 2010

A series of 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5-hydroxyphenyl-2-benzylidine-3-substituted hydrazino thiazolo (2,3-b) quinazolines have been synthesized to meet the structural requirements essential for anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. The synthesized series of heterocycles, 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5-hydroxyphenyl-2-benzylidine-3-substituted hydrazino thiazolo (2,3-b) quinazoline by the reaction of 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5-hydroxy phenyl thiazolo (2,3-b) quinazolin-3(2H)-one with appropriate hydrazine hydrate and ketones/aldehydes in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate and glacial acetic acid as presented in Scheme 1. Their antinociceptive activity were evaluated by tailflick technique, anti-inflammatory was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema test and their ulcerogenicity index determined by reported protocol. The compounds exhibited the lowest ulcer index ($0.51{\pm}1.63$, $0.48{\pm}1.28$ and $0.50{\pm}1.53$, respectively. The 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5-hydroxy phenylhydroxy-2-benzylidine-3-(N'-3-pentylidenehydrazino) thiazolo (2,3-b) quinazoline and 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5-hydroxy phenyl-2-benzylidine-3-(N'-2-pentylidene-hydrazino) thiazolo (2,3-b) quinazoline exhibited the most potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.