• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2022

Background: Plyometric exercise is an exercise exerting forceful power in a brief period using isotonic activation. It is effective to improve reaction of muscle, agility, endurance and athletics performance. Weight training is an exericse improving muscular strength, endurance and respirating ability applying diversely in frequency and load of exercise Plyometric exercise and Weight training is to facilitate the athletics performance though improving the function of lower limb muscle, there is a difference that Plyometic jump squats is the way to improve agility and Weight training is the way to improve muscular strength. Therefore, it is necessary to know how this difference effects on athletics performance as measuring ankle, ROM, and jumping ability. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Method: This study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 40 university students, who were randomly assigned to jump squat and calf raise groups (n=20 per group). For each subject, we measured the range of motion of the ankle joint before and after exercise, as well as a standing broad jump and vertical jump test performance. We compared the performance indices before and after exercises using paired t-tests, and between groups using independent-samples t-tests. Conclusions: Both jump squat and calf raise exercises improved ankle joint dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as well as standing broad jump and vertical jump height performance. However, there were no significant differences before versus after exercise, or between exercise types. Although jump squats and calf raises have different purposes, it is thought that, in combination, these exercises improve performance more effectively than either alone, and that such a combined exercise program improves the quality of training in both the general public and athletes in various sports.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine EMG activities and VMO/VL ratio of the vastus medialis oblique, and vastus lateralis during step up exercise according to ankle and knee positions in soccer players with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Methods: Subject(patellofemoral pain syndrome, PFPS: n=8 and without PFPS, non PFPS; NPFPS: n=8) perfomed step up exercise at each knee and ankle position(knee flexion $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$, ankle internal rotation $30^{\circ}$, neutral, and external rotation $30^{\circ}$) while EMG activity was collected. The EMG signals were expressed by the % maximal voluntary isometric Contraction(%MVIC) values. Statistical analysis consisted of two way repeated measures analysis of variance with post hoc analysis. Results: Main results were as follows: 1) EMG of VMO, and VL was tend to be lower in PFPS compared to NPFPS. 2) EMG of VMO and VL with knee flexrion $60^{\circ}$ was significantly higher the results with knee flexion $30^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$. VMO and VL with ankle external rotation $30^{\circ}$ was significantly higher the results with internal rotation $30^{\circ}$ and neutral position. Conclusion: Considering the EMG activity was reduced due to the to the PFPS and that performing step up with knee flexion $60^{\circ}$ with ankle external rotation $30^{\circ}$ position may provide the most effective condition for patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spine and the flat-foot, the stability and the alignment of the posture of the neck to prevent the alignment of the ankle joint operation and the lower back flexibility of the lumbar region according to the type of treatment using active stretching of the triceps, back pain, and to see how they affect weight bearing differences. Methods: The subjects of this study were 24 chronic low back pain patients. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, ankle joint mobilization and active scraping of triceps were performed three times a week for a total of 6 weeks. The control group was performed in the same way without articulation. The range of flexion and extension motion of the lumbar spine and pain degree and difference of weight-bearing were measured before and after the experiment. Results: The model of ankle joint mobilization and calf muscle elongation of flat foot significantly improved the range of flexion and extension motion of the vertebrae (p<.05) and the VAS and distribution of weight-bearing were decreased in both of two groups (p<.05). In other words, the exercise and mobilization help to recover of the balance of the whole musculoskeletal, the vertebrae. Conclusions: The active exercise of the triceps muscle of the lower leg in this study It affects the flexibility of the lumbar spine, the pain and the difference in the weight support of the lower extremities, when we performed ankle joint mobilization for exercise and cramping, pain and the difference in weight support between the two lower limbs.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined that effect of a change in balance index on ankle Kinesio taping, muscle strength exercises and taping after muscle strength exercises in 30 healthy adult subjects. Methods: The Sway Index of the left, right, front and back on stable, toes up and linear were compared using a Balance System, a balance experimental instrument. Results: The pre and post experimental balance index regarding stable, toes up, and linear were taken for the Kinesio taping group, lower extremities muscle strengthening group, and muscle strengthening with the Kinesio taping group. Statistically significant decreases were observed in all variables except for the left and right pre and post experiment results under stable conditions. Conclusion: The balance index of exercise with taping was lower than that of exercise only. There is a need for objective research on the long-term applications and post-exercise. The body balance appears to be influenced by ankle stabilization using taping.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2021

Background: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common conditions of the lower limbs. The present study aimed to compare the effect of hip muscle strengthening exercise and stretching of lower extremity in plantar fasciitis, with regard to pain, navicular drop and foot and ankle functional ability. Methods: A total of 42 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=21) that applied the hip muscle strengthening exercise and the control group(n=21) that applied the general lower limb stretching. The intervention period was 6 weeks. Results: The results of the experiment showed that the exercises for strengthening the hip muscle had significant effects on pain, navicular drop and foot and ankle functional ability In addition, lower extremity stretching showed improvement effects in pain, navicular drop and foot and ankle functional ability, however, the difference between the groups except navicular drop did not reach statistical significance Conclusion: Both interventions tested in this study were confirmed to be effective treatment options for patients with plantar fasciitis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.445-452
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• 2001

The purpose of this study to compare the muscle performances (peak torque (PT), relative strength (RS), average power (AP), and total work (TW)) between taping group and non-taping group after 1 hour extensive exercise. Twenty healthy male subjects were evaluated in this study. Each subject was divided with taping(n=10) and non-taping group (n=10) randomly. Muscle performances were measured at 60 degree/sec and 180 degree/sec on the Cybex 770. The PT, RS, AP, and TW were measured before and after 1 hour extensive exercise. The results showed that taping group demonstrated significantly higher PT, RS, AP, and TW during ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion at 60 degree/sec than those of non-taping group, except for total work during ankle plantar flexion. At the 180 degree/sec, PT and RS was significantly higher during ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion in taping group than in non-taping group. This results suggest that lower leg taping could be useful to maintain muscle performances during sport activities.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.884-890
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• 2015

This study observed the effects of ankle strengthening exercise and whole body vibration on the balance ability of older adults, thereby intending to provide basic materials for intervention methods aimed at improving older adults' balance ability. The subjects were 20 older adults who had experienced a fall. They were equally divided into two groups. Ankle strengthening training was applied to one group and ankle strengthening training and whole body vibration were applied to the other group, a timed up and go (TUG) test and Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment (POMA) were performed, and changes in the subjects' limits of stability were observed. The TUG and POMA results significantly differed between before and after the experiment in the angle strengthening training (AST) group and the angle strengthening training with whole body vibration (ASTWV) group. In addition, the interaction between timing and each group was statistically significant. The limits of stability significantly changed after the intervention in both groups. Differences in the posterior and right limits of stability were significant between the AST group and ASTWV group. Therefore, ankle strengthening exercise and whole body vibration improve older adults' balance maintenance and reduce falls or the risk factors for falls in older adults.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.235-243
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Ankle Pump Exercise on lower limb edema and pain of operating room nurses. Methods: This research was arranged on the basis of the nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. The participants were 41 nurses working in the operating room in 'S' hospital in Seoul and 'H' hospital in Guri City, Korea. Data were collected from August 20 to September 30, 2012. Edema of the lower extremities was measured in terms of the girths of ankles and calves. Pain of the lower extremities was measured in terms of VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) for pain. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage mean, and standard deviation, using the chi2(p) and t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and a paired t-test. The SPSS Win 20.0 program was used for analysis. Results: Hypothesis 1 - "There are significant differences in lower extremity edema between the experimental group and the control group." - was partially supported. Hypothesis 2 - "There are significant differences in lower extremity pain between the experimental group and the control group." - was supported. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate positive practical effects of the Ankle Pump Exercise in reducing the circumference of both ankles, reducing the circumferential edema of both calves, and alleviating the pain of nurses in the operating room. Based on these findings, application of the Ankle Pump Exercise can be considered as an effective method to prevent nurses' health problems in the lower extremities that can be induced by their work during surgical operations.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in mechanical properties of human tibialis anterior following eccentric exercise. Healthy subjects (n=12) performed 120 maximum eccentric contraction of ankle dorsiflexor. Before and 1- and 24- hour after the eccentric exercise, ankle dorsiflexion moment-angle relationships were obtained. Along with significant decrease in maximum isometric muscle strength, the shift of the optimum ankle joint angle toward the longer muscle length direction was observed, independent of the ranges of motion of the eccentric exercise. The results of this study demonstrated that eccentric exercise-induced micro muscle damage(Morgan & Allen, 1999) does rut seem to be a sole mechanism of eccentric contraction-induced muscle damage, suggesting further investigation for the better understandings of this phenomenon.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of exercise-induced fatigue of the plantar flexor muscle in the dominant ankle on the plantar flexor strength and postural control function of the contra-lateral side. Methods: Twenty-one young adults (male: 10, female: 11) volunteered to participate in this study. An exercise-induced fatigue protocol to induce fatigue was performed in the plantar flexor of the dominant ankle. For the fatigue protocol, the participants were instructed to raise their heels as high as possible in the position with one leg stance of the dominant lower limb, and the heel was then downed after holding for 1 second. The muscle strength of the contra-lateral plantar flexor was measured using a digital muscle strength test device, and the static and dynamic postural control were tested by acquiring the center of gravity velocity while performing one leg standing. A paired t-test was used to identify the differences between the pre- and post, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software. Results: Comparison of the pre- and post-test data revealed a significant difference in the plantar flexor strength and dynamic postural control after exercise-induced muscle fatigue in the dominant side. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the static postural control. Conclusion: These findings have practical implications, suggesting that unilateral muscle fatigue affects the ankle muscle strength and postural ability of the contralateral side.