• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.21-28
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• 2010

Decomposed granite soil is the most common type of soils. The measurement of the stress-strain-strength behavior of anisotropic decomposed granite soils is very important for the deformation and stability analysis of slopes, retaining walls, excavations. A series of unsaturated-drained triaxial compression tests were performed to know unsaturated strength properties. The sample had three different angles of the axial (major principal) direction to the sedimentation plane (compaction plane): 0, 45 and 90 degrees. The compression strain of specimens subjected to an isotropic compression was strongly influenced by the sedimentation angle. In addition, the time dependence was independent of the sedimentation angle in relation to the deformation behavior during the secondary compression process. The effect of the sedimentation angle on the triaxial compression strength and deformation was clearly shown with low confining stress. The effect of the sedimentation angle on the compressive strength and deformation was more evident in saturated specimens. A new method of predicting the shear strength of unsaturated decomposed granite soils, considering compaction angles, was proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

The comparative study using the lab-scale experiment and the discrete element analysis is attempted to analyze the cross-anisotropic elasticity of granular soils. The lab-scale experiment consists of the small stress-controlled triaxial cyclic tests and the bender element tests. In the discrete element analysis the simulations of lab-scale cyclic tests are conducted in the various directions. Good agreement between the experimental data and the simulation on the elastic properties in the axial and shear directions confirms the usefulness of the discrete element method. The comparative analysis of the difference in the experimental data and the simulation of radial cyclic tests shows that the discrete element method can successfully be used to check the reasonable magnitude of each measurement in the experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.414-414
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• 2020

고전 천수방정식을 적용한 2차원 도시홍수 모델링에서는 지형의 정확한 반영을 위해 고해상도 격자가 요구되며 이는 많은 계산시간과 노력을 필요로 한다. 최근에는 다공성 천수방정식을 적용한 도시홍수해석으로 많은 계산 노력이 요구되는 도시홍수모델링의 한계를 극복한 연구가 많이 이루어지지고 있다. 이러한 연구는 도시 홍수에서 흐름이 공간적으로 변화할 때 불균일 공극이 존재하므로 격자의 크기를 다르게 하여 이러한 불균일성을 해결하고자 하는 등방성 천수모형의 적용에서 시작되었다. 하지만, 등방성 공극을 고려한 도시홍수 해석모형은 대표요소체적(REV)보다 더 큰 격자의 적용을 해야 하는 제한성을 가진다. 반면, 비등방성 공극은 대표요소체적의 적용이 필요하지 않아 불균일 공극의 크기에 관계없이 이론상으로는 동일한 해상도의 격자가 사용가능하긴 하지만, 실제 도시홍수 해석에서 중요하면서도 도전적인 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 도시홍수의 효율적 계산을 위해 비등방성 공극을 고려한 적분형 다공성 천수방정식을 기반으로 하는 2차원 도시홍수 해석모형을 개발하였다. 모형의 개발을 위해, 적용 격자내에서 도시지역의 건물이 차지하는 길이 및 면적을 산정하고 그 값을 2차원 천수방정식에 적용 가능하도록 체적공극(𝜙_j)와 면적공극(𝜓_k)을 2차원 고전 천수방정식에 추가하였다. 개발모형은 고전 천수방정식, 등방성 공극 고려(미분형 다공성) 천수방정식 및 비등방성 공극 고려(적분형 다공성) 천수방정식의 적용이 가능하여, 각 모형에 적합한 2차원 격자 생성, 각 모형의 매개변수를 보정 그리고 정확성, 효율성, 적용성이 비교 가능하다. 각 모형의 정확성과 효율성 비교를 위해 3가지의 오차 비교 (구조적 오차, 격자크기 오차, 공극 모형 오차), 계산시간 비교, 공간 변동성 검증을 위한 수심 종단형상 비교하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2017

Molding of body with ribs is the most difficult during flow molding process. The rib area is easy to be deformed at the rear side due to wall thickness variation. In this study, relationships between molding condition and deflection of rib-shaped part is investigated during the compression molding of fiber reinforced plastic composites, and the following results are derived. Polypropylene(PP), Polystyrene(PS), and stampable sheet(SS 40wt%) show the increment of deflection along with releasing temperature. For the correlation between incremental holding pressure load and deflection, stampable sheet exhibits lower deflection along with higher holding pressure, while PS shows significant increase of deflection with higher holding pressure, PP shows completely different characteristic, significant reduction of deflection along with higher holding pressure. Regarding to mold temperature and deflection, deflection amount of SS is the biggest, and PS shows the smallest. In addition, all three kinds shows the highest amount of deflection at 173C. Deflection is reduced when mold closing speed is increased. Amount of deflection in SS is larger and is not highly dependent on molding conditions like holding pressure and cooling parameters, compared with single component material like PP. This can be elucidated by anisotropic and inhomogeneous characteristics of glass fiber during filling process of stampable sheet composite.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.521-527
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• 2023

Piezoelectric technology, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, has recently attracted drawn considerable attention in the industry. Among the many kinds of piezoelectric materials, BaTiO₃ nanotube arrays, which have outstanding uniformity and anisotropic orientation compared to nanowire-based arrays, can be fabricated using a simple synthesis process. In this study, we developed a flexible piezoelectric energy harvester (f-PEH) based on a composite film with PVDF-coated BaTiO₃ nanotube arrays through sequential anodization and hydrothermal synthesis processes. The f-PEH fabricated using the piezoelectric composite film exhibited excellent piezoelectric performance and high flexibility compared to the previously reported BaTiO₃ nanotube array-based energy harvester. These results demonstrate the possibility for widely application with high performance by our advanced f-PEH technique based on BaTiO₃ nanotube arrays.

• Composites Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.361-368
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• 2023

Composite materials used in aircraft must be certified using approved materials to ensure the the airworthiness of the aircraft. Certification is carried out by verifying the physical properties and processes of the materials, and producing material and process specifications. The composite material certification system in ROK(Republic of Korea) has been established through the MOLIT(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) pilot certification project for aircraft composite materials. Currently, the KIAST(Korea Institute of Aviation Safety Technology) operates and manages the certification and shared data system. This study identifies realm for improvement in the established certification system for aircraft composite materials based on empirical evidence and aims to propose measures for the certification and industrial promotion of domestically produced aircraft composite materials.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.89 no.6
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• pp.557-570
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• 2024

Due to interfacial ageing, chemical action and interfacial damage, the interface debonding may appear in the interfaces of composite laminates. Particularly, the laminates display a side-dependent effect at small scale. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) and anisotropic thick nanoplate model is proposed to investigate the effects of imperfect interface and nonlocal parameter on the bending deformation, vibrational response and buckling stability of one-dimensional (1D) hexagonal quasicrystal (QC) layered nanoplates. By combining the linear spring model with the transferring matrix method, exact solutions of phonon and phason displacements, phonon and phason stresses of bending deformation, the natural frequencies of vibration and the critical buckling loads of 1D hexagonal QC layered nanoplates are derived with imperfect interfaces and nonlocal effects. Numerical examples are illustrated to demonstrate the effects of the imperfect interface parameter, aspect ratio, thickness, nonlocal parameter, and stacking sequence on the bending deformation, the vibrational response and the critical buckling load of 1D hexagonal QC layered nanoplate. The results indicate that both the interface debonding and nonlocal effect can reduce the stiffness and stability of layered nanoplates. Increasing thickness of QC coatings can enhance the stability of sandwich nanoplates with the perfect interfaces, while it can reduce first and then enhance the stability of sandwich nanoplates with the imperfect interfaces. The biaxial compression easily results in an instability of the QC layered nanoplates compared to uniaxial compression. QC material is suitable for surface layers in layered structures. The mechanical behavior of QC layered nanoplates can be optimized by imposing imperfect interfaces and controlling the stacking sequence artificially. The present solutions are helpful for the various numerical methods, thin nanoplate theories and the optimal design of QC nano-composites in engineering practice with interfacial debonding.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 2007

The buckling behavior of a fiber reinforced plastic pipe was researched. When a cylindrical structure is made of isotropic material, it shows two dimensional buckled shape which has same deformed section along the longitudinal direction. But an anisotropic cylindrical structure shows three dimensional buckled shape which has different deformed section along the longitudinal direction. Because the modulus of elasticity is varied in a certain direction when ply angles are changed, the strength of a pipe are changed as ply angles are changed. In this study, the limitation of two dimensional and three dimensional buckling mode was investigated and the buckling strength of a laminated composite pipe was evaluated.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2024

In this study, micro CT images were used to confirm the tensile fracture strength according to the pore distribution characteristics of 3D printed concrete. Unlike general specimens, concrete structures printed by 3D printing techniques have the direction of pores (voids) depending on the stacking direction and the presence of filaments contact surfaces. Accordingly, the pore distribution of 3D printed concrete specimens was analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods, and the tensile strength by direction was analyzed through a finite element technique. It was confirmed that the pores inside the 3D printed specimen had directionality, resulting in their anisotropic behavior. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of 3D concrete printing specimen and correlate them with simulation-based mechanical properties to improve performance of 3D printed material and structure.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.2650-2658
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• 2024

In this paper, we use a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation based on Geant4 to investigate the influence of four parameters on the spatial resolution of the lens-coupled lutetium yttrium orthosilicate (LYSO) scintillator, including the thickness of the LYSO scintillator, the F-number and minification factor of the lens, and the incident position of the gamma-rays. Simulation results show that when the gamma-rays are incident along the lens axis, the smaller the thickness, the larger the F-number, the larger the minification factor, the higher the spatial resolution, with an isotropic point spread function (PSF). As the incident position of the gamma-rays deviates from the lens axis, the spatial resolution decreases, and the PSF becomes anisotropic. In addition, by analyzing the whole physical process of the lens-coupled LYSO scintillator from gamma-rays to secondary electrons to fluorescence photons, we aim to provide a detailed analysis of the influence of each parameter on the spatial resolution. The results show that the PSF of the secondary electrons energy deposition is almost constant in the simulation, which determines the upper limit of the spatial resolution. Meanwhile, the dispersion process of the fluorescence photons can explain the reason why each parameter affects the spatial resolution.