• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 남한으로 이주한 북한이탈주민의 경제적 적응과 심리·사회적 적응 실태를 중심으로 북한이탈 주민의 보호 및 정책지원법의 문제를 분석하고 개선법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울 및 경기도 지역에 소재한 북한이탈주민 225명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 북한이탈주민들의 경제적 적응은 대체적으로 낮은 수준이었다. 둘째, 북한이탈주민들의 심리·사회적 적응 상태는 전반적으로 낮은 가운데 문화적응스트레스와 친구관계, 신체 및 정신 건강에 대한 만족도가 특히 낮은 수준이었다. 셋째, 북한이탈주민의 심리문화적 적응전략과 사회적 지지는 삶의 만족도에 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 적응스트레스는 삶의 만족도에 유의한 부정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 북한이탈주민의 경제적 적응과 심리적 적응을 증진시킬 수 있는 실질적인 정책적 대안을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2011

Objectives : The definition of a hidden youth is a young person who has completely withdrawn from society and shut himself or herself away for more than 3 months. Those pathologically-withdrawn youths have become a burden not only to society but also to the family. However, screening of these hidden youths cannot be done easily. This study focused on developing a primary effective screening tool for these hidden youths. Methods : The 42 participants of this study were parents of hidden youths that are between 8 to 25 years old. They were selected from from mental health centers and psychiatric clinics around Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. We also recruited 239 parents of middle and high school students in the Seoul metropolitan area for a control group. In order to decide the concurrent validity of this questionnaire, we used the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision, Children's Depression Inventory, Beck Depression Inven-tory, Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised, Social Anxiety and Distress Scale, Avoidant Personality Disorder Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. SPSS version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results : Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability coefficient to represent internal consistency, were between 0.396 and 0.935, which showed relatively high internal consistency for this questionnaire. The test-retest coefficient was between 0.68 and 0.78, which was a statistically significant result. In a factor analysis, 4 factors such as avoidance, withdrawal, isolation, and apathy were extracted. In a concurrent validity test with SCL-90-R, the isolation factor showed a statistically-significant relationship with a phobic-anxiety sub-scale, and avoidance and withdrawal sub-scales were remarkably correlated with the interpersonal sensitivity sub-scale. Conclusion : Since the questionnaire for socially withdrawn youths has achieved statistically-satisfactory reliability and validity, it will be a useful method to screen for hidden youths in educational, community, and clinical settings.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 1992

This study was carried out to find out the effect of dietary intake on cognitive function retardation in old age using dietary survey and cognitive function test. The subjects were 332 men of 50-94 years old and their activities of daily living were very similar. The cognitive function was tested by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)-K which was translated from MMSE, and the 24-hour recall method was used for dietary survey. Scoring of MMSE-K was a little different from MMSE, that is, in case of no education, one to four points were added to exclude the effect of education which has been considered as a confounder by many researchers. The number of subjects belonging to below 23 of MMSE-K score was increased by increasing age. Even though points were added in case of no education, the ratio of below 23 MMSE-K score group was diminished by increasing education. Therefore, education seems not to be a confounder but a independent variable on cognitive function. Income, past occupation, family type, self-evaluated health status did not play any effect on cognitive function significantly. On the other hand, the correlation between each nutrients and the score of cognitive function test showed that the more consumption of vitamin A and protein, the higher cognitive function score was obtained. In case of iron and Ca, even though it was not statistically significant, there was a tendency of increasing cognitive function score by increasing the intake of those nutrients. This study suggests that micronutrient intakes might be more related to cognitive function than macronutrients.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 1999

Objectives: This study sought to examine the impact of alcohol use and misuse on mortality in korea during the 1991-l997. Methods: Alcohol-Related Disease Impact estimation software and Korea vital statistics data were used to calculate alcohol related-mortality, mortality rates, and YPLL(years of potential life lost). The major findings are as follows : An estimated 23,528 Korean died during 1997 from causes related to alcohol. Such deaths accounted for 17,052(12.60%) of all deaths for men and 6,206(5.88%) for women. Motor vehicle accidents were major contributors to the total estimated number of alcohol related deaths and years of potential life lost before age 65. Alcohol related mortality rates were significantly higher for men. For men, major causes of the deaths were motor vehicle accidents(4,147 deaths, 17.90 per 100,000 population), cancer of the stomach(1,467 deaths, 16.60 per 100,000 population) and chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis(1,233 deaths, 13.10). For women, the largest contributors to alcohol related mortality were motor vehicle accidents(1,509 deaths, 6.61), cerebrovascular diseases(1,114 deaths, 11.3) and cancer of the stomach(810 deaths, 8.24). Kleinman's method was used for obtaining on regional(Dongs, ups and Myons) differential of the alcohol related mortality in 1995. In general, The alcohol-related death rate for men was significantly higher than that for women, and the rate for ups and myons was significantly higher than that for dongs During 1997, approximately 356,667(male: 282, 510, female: 74, 157)YPLL to age 65 and 572,708(male:424,338, female:148,370)YPLL to life expectancy were attributable to alcohol related causes. Men accounted for 79% of the total YPLL to age 65 and 74% of the total YPLL to life expectancy The major contributors to these alcohol related years lost were the diagnostic categories of unintentional injuries. Particullary, In male, Motor vehicle accidents and accidental drowning-YPLL are considerably higher for other causes. Male-female YPLL differentials were greatest for mental disorder. Male-female mean-YPLL to age 65, accidental drowning(male;36.47, female;37.67) is higher for other causes. In both sexes, The YPLL and M-YPLL to life expectancy was significantly higher than the YPLL and M-YPLL to life expectancy.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1977

Nutrition counselors in Korea often encounter difficulty in their attempt to change village women's attitudes regarding food taboos which are counter to good eating habits. There are a great many food superstitions which are not due to religious influence, but seem to be related to shape and composition of food. Many expectant mothers superstitiously avoid eating certain foods for fear that they may cause mental or physical abnormality in their babies. As was shown in a previous survey (Mo, 1966)of villages in all provinces except Jeju Island, such superstitions were common among pregnant and lactating mothers. Many food taboos and superstitions based on non-scientific and irrational ideas do exist even in modern society, and are a major obstacle to nutritionally adequate food consumption. A study of food taboos among women of Jeju Island was undertaken from November to December of 1976, these results to be compared as well with those of the previous study. There were 73 items found to be prohibited during pregnancy. Of these, 48.7% were of the deaf group, 17.4% fish, 5.5% eggs, 4.7% cereal, and only 2.2% fruit. Of 252% women respondents, 111 (45% ) abstained from eating chicken, duck, and shark because of the belief that they would cause their babies to be born with gooseflesh or shark skin. Many of them avoided rabbit meat for fear that their babies might be born with harelip. It was also feared that a baby would become disfigured if his mother ate duck, goat, dog meat, chicken or duck eggs, or soup made of bones. A common superstition was that highly spiced or salty foods would cause the fetus to be hairless. Squid and octopus were believed to cause babies to have weak bones, or none at all. Most of these food taboos were associated with fears concerning Physical structure and appearance of unborn babies. Other taboos were associated with fear of undesirable behavioral characteristics. For example, some mothers thought that a baby would pinch or bite the mother's breast during the weaning period, if crab meat were eaten during pregnancy. Unevenly sliced rice cake, loach, snake meat and eel were also believed to cause a baby to be ill-tempered. The findings of this study are remarkably similar to those of the previous study conducted by the authour in 1966. Most of the same food taboos, based on non-scientific and irrational reasons, were found on Jeju Island as on the peninsula, and thor were similarly wide-spread. The results of correlational analysis show that the most significant factors related to prevalence of food taboos, are level of education and religious background. Number of food taboos is correlated with level of education. Also, food taboos are least freqent among the Christian woman. Proper nutrition education should he undertaken in order to encourage intake of protein-rich food, particularly during pregnancy when nutritional needs of mother and fetus are great.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.290-299
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• 2018

본 연구는 콜센터 상담원의 감정노동과 직무스트레스가 우울수준에 미치는 영향관계에서 자기효능감 및 조직몰입의 매개효과를 경로분석을 통해 규명하고자 실시하였다. 조사대상은 D도시 4개의 콜센터에서 종사하고 있는 상담원 486명으로 하였다. 자료 수집은 2017년 1월 5일부터 1월 25일까지의 기간 동안에 구조화된 무기명 자기기입식 설문지를 사용하여 설문조사하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상 상담원의 우울수준은 감정노동과 직무스트레스가 높은 군에서 유의하게 높게 나타났고, 자기효능감과 조직몰입이 낮은 군에서 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 변수 간의 상관관계는 우울수준과 감정노동, 직무스트레스는 양의 상관관계를 보인 반면, 자기효능감과 조직몰입과는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 경로모형 분석결과, 우울수준에 감정노동과 직무스트레스는 긍정적인 영향을 주었고, 자기효능감과 조직몰입은 부정적인 영향을 주었다. 또한 자기효능감과 조직몰입은 감정노동과 우울수준을 낮추는 매개효과가 있었고, 조직몰입은 직무스트레스와 우울수준을 낮추는 매개효과가 있었다. 따라서 콜센터 상담원의 우울수준을 낮추기 위해서는 감정노동과 직무스트레스 요인을 낮추고, 자기효능감과 조직몰입을 높이기 위한 정신건강 중재안이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

반추동물에서 적당한 조사료의 공급은 젖소의 정상적인 반추 기능을 위해서 반드시 필요하다. 본 연구는 사료 작물 종류별, 볏집 및 곡류의 가공 상태를 달리하여 제조한 TMFF에 대하여 일반 성분, RFV 및 면양의 반추위 성상 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 청예 작물인 옥수수, 목초, 호밀, 유채, 알팔파와 귀리를 주구로 하고 곡류 가공 수준을 무가공 (대조구), 거칠게 분쇄 (7～14mm mesh 이상), 일반 분쇄 (7mm 이하)를 세구로 하여 조제한 각각의 TMFF에 대한 일반 성분을 조사하였다. 또한 Fistula가 부착된 면양 8두를 이용한 반추위 성상과 기호성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 유채 TMFF는 상대적 사료가 (RFV)와 일당 사료 섭취량, A/P 비율에 있어서 다른 처리구보다 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 옥수수 TMFF를 급여한 면양의 반추위 VFA 함량은 90.9 mmol%로서 다른 처리구 보다 높았으며, 또한 사료의 pH도 3.82로서 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그러나 TMFF에 있어서 휘발성 지방산 각각에 대한 차이는 찾을 수 없었다. 결론적으로 곡류 가공 방법에 따른 효과는 나타나지 않았지만 상대적 사료가와 기호성, 건물 손실율만을 고려하여 우수성을 판단할 때 유채, 옥수수, 알팔파, 목초, 귀리, 호밀 TMFF의 순서로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.623-630
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• 2020

Objective : A primary degenerative sagittal imbalance has been considered because of unique lifestyles such as the prolonged crouched posture during agricultural work and performing activities of daily living on the floor. Previous papers have reported that sagittal imbalance disease is often seen distinctly in the farming districts of "oriental" countries such as Korea and Japan. However, this finding was only evaluated with the use of X-ray, and other factors such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), muscle volume, compression fracture, and laboratory results were not considered. Thus, using these, we evaluate the agricultural work-associated factors for Korean elderly spinal sagittal imbalance. Methods : We recruited 103 Korean participants who had a sagittal vertical axis (SVA) of >5 cm in this Korean Elderly Sagittal Imbalance Cohort Study. The following were evaluated : radiological parameters, MRI, compression fracture, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, C-terminal telopeptide, osteocalcin, bone mineral density and muscle fatty change, muscle volume, and health-related quality of life from patients' survey. Moreover, in this survey, the farmers' annual working hours were investigated. Subsequently, we analyzed the associated factors for spinal sagittal imbalance depending on occupation. Results : A total of 46 participants were farmers, and the others were housewives, sellers, and office workers. The farmer group had more SVA (141 vs. 99 mm, p=0.001) and pelvic tilt (31° vs. 24°, p=0.004) and lesser lumbar lordosis (20° vs. 30°, p=0.009) and thoracic kyphosis (24° vs. 33°, p=0.03) than non-farmer group. A significantly positive correlation was noted between the working hour and SVA in the farmer group (p=0.014). The visual analogue scale score for back pain (8.26 vs. 6.96, p=0.008) and Oswestry Disability Index (23.5 vs. 19.1, p=0.003) in the farmer group were higher than that in the non-farmer group, but the Short Form-36 score was not significantly different between the two groups. The Mini-Mental State Exam score was significantly lower in the farmer group than in the non-farmer group (24.85 vs. 26.98, p=0.002). Conclusion : The farmer group had more sagittal imbalance and back pain in proportion to the working hours even though the muscle and bone factors and general laboratory condition were not significantly different between the two groups. These results supported that the long hours spent in the crouched posture while performing agricultural work were a risk factor for severe sagittal imbalance.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.748-757
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 학교숲을 활용한 산림치유 프로그램이 대학생의 정서안정과 긍정적 사고에 영향을 미치는가를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구대상은 실험군과 대조군으로 구분하였으며 실험군 35명, 대조군 25명이다. 실험군을 대상으로 2018년 9월 4일부터 2018년 12월 4일까지 총 120분씩 8회기의 산림치유 프로그램을 실시하였다. 프로그램 참가 전과 후의 정서안정과 긍정적 사고를 살펴보았다. 산림치유프로그램 실시 전과 후에 정서안정과 긍정적 사고의 차이를 알아보기 위해 대응표본 t-test를 실시하고 그 자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 실험군의 정서안정과 긍정적 사고의 사전-사후 평균값이 증가하였음을 확인했다. 본 연구를 통해 학교 숲을 이용한 산림치유 프로그램이 대학생의 정서를 안정시키며 긍정적으로 사고하는 것에 영향이 있음을 확인하였다. 이에 산림치유 프로그램은 대학생의 정신건강을 치유하고 예방하기 위한 대안활동으로 활성화 되어야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.276-285
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• 2017

이 연구는 서비스업 종사자인 카지노 딜러를 대상으로 감정노동이 소진과 우울에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 서비스업 종사자의 소진은 전문성과 그들이 제공하는 서비스의 효과성과 효율성을 저하시키는 심각한 문제이고, 또한 우울은 개인의 정신건강에 중대한 영향을 미치는 핵심 요소이다. 이를 위해 H리조트 카지노 딜러 606명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문조사를 실시한 후에 자료를 분석하였다. 소진은 CBI를 통해 업무관련 소진과 고객관련 소진을 측정하였고, 우울은 BDI를 사용하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 카지노 딜러의 감정노동(3.50)과 업무관련 소진(3.86), 고객관련 소진(3.91)은 비교적 높은 수준으로 나타났고 둘째, 감정노동은 우울과 소진 모두에서 정(+)의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 셋째, 남성에 비해 여성의 감정노동이 높았으며, 소진은 딜러가 관리직보다 높게 그리고 20대가 가장 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 감정노동은 소진과 우울 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 감정노동에 종사하는 카지노 딜러의 소진을 예방하고 우울을 줄이기 위한 법률의 제정 및 근로자지원 프로그램(EAP) 등의 조직 및 개인차원의 전략과 함의를 도출하였다.