• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.157-173
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• 1993

In order to investigate experimentally the clinical effects of Soeuminsohaphyangwon that was prescribed to cure the Wisunanrihanbyung of Soeum-In, the author experimented various activities of mixed extract from the Soeuminsohaphyangwon by the method prescribed in the experimental part. The results of the studies were summerized as follows : 1. Suppressive action was not shown on the convulsion induced by strychnine but significant effect was noted on the convulsion induced by picrotoxin and caffeine. 2. In acetic acid method experiment analgesic effect was noted. 3. A prolongation of anesthetic time by Pentobarbital sodium and antipyretic effect was observed. 4. Relaxing action was noted on the ileums of mice, also same effect was recognized on contraction of the ileums due to acetylcholine, barium chloride and histamine 2 HCl. 5. The expansion of blood vessels by relaxation of smooth muscle and fall of blood pressure were noted. According to the above results, effects based on oriental medical references were approximate to the actual experimental results.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.124-131
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• 1986

Pharmacological activities of Paeoniae Radix alba were studied with water extract (F-I), parched preparation (F-II) and 25% ethanol-treated preparation (F-III) of it. The results were summerized as follows; 1) Analgesic actions were recognized with F-I, F-II and F-III. 2) Sedative actions were recognized with F-I and F-III. 3) Prolonged effect of sleeping time were recognized significantly with F-I and F-III. 4) Antipyretic actions were recognized with F-1, F-II and F-III in rabbits. 5) F-I, F-II and F-III showed the antagonic action against contraction of isolated-ileum induced by acetylcholine, barium chloride and histamine in mice and guinea-pigs.

• 셀메드
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.3.1-3.6
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• 2019

Melissa parviflora Benth. is an aromatic perennial herb of Lamiaceae family. It is one of the most influencial plant and used from centuries in Unani system of medicine for the treatment of various malady such as Epilepsy (mirgi), hemiplegia (falij), migraine (shaqeeqa), insomnia (sehar), indigestion (sue hazm) and palpitation (khafqaan) etc. The Persian physician Avicenna endorsed it for heart problems. It has antitubercular, antipyretic, analgesic and stomachic properties, also used to remove bad breath from mouth, strengthen the gums but its main action is as a tranquillizer and nervine relaxant, it is greatly esteemed for its calming properties. Preliminary performed phytochemical analysis revealed that tannin, flavonoid and saponins are the major components of the plant extract. The plants containing saponins or flavonoids exhibit anticonvulsant activity whereas the flavonoids show various biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic-antitumor etc. Keeping in view the tremendous medicinal importance of the plant Badranjboya in Unani Medicine, this review provides updated information on its phytochemistry, therapeutic uses and pharmacological properties.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.244.1-244.1
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• 2003

Advances in understanding of pain and analgesia have been made. Over the past few years, we have designed and synthesized a series of VR agonists, based on the structures of 12-HPETE and capsaicin. the natural VR agonist. But for the development of analgesic drugs, these synthetic VR agonists had problems like burning sensation. hypothermia. etc. So our recent studoes have focused on designs and syntheses of VR antagonists based on the structure of capsaicin(natural VR agonist), and capsazepine(synthetic VR antagonist). (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.147.1-147.1
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• 2003

As an attempt to search for bioactive natural products exerting antiinflammatory activity, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the methanol extract from the Fomes fomentarius (MEFF). MEFF (50, 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly reduced an acute paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats. When analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate test, MEFF showed a dose-dependent inhibition in animal models. In addition, MEFF potently inhibited the LPS-induced production of NO, $PGE_2$ and TNF-$\alpha$production of macrophages. (omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.849-858
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• 2006

Previous screening of the pharmacological action of Gastrodia elata (GE) root (Orchidaceae) showed that methanol (MeOH) extracts have significant anti-inflammatory properties. The antiinflammatory agents of GE, however, remain unclear. In this experiment, MeOH extracts of GE were fractionated with organic solvents for the anti-inflammatory activity-guided separation of GE. Eight phenolic compounds from the ether (EtOEt) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were isolated by column chromatography: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (I), 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (II), benzyl alcohol (III), bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl) methane (IV), 4(4'-hydroxybenzyloxy)benzyl-methylether (V), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol (VI), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (VII), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (VIII). To investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of these compounds, their effects on carrageenan-induced paw edema, arachidonic acid (AA)-induced ear edema and analgesic activity in acetic acid (HAc)-induced writhing response were carried out in vivo; cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL 2H3) cells and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydroazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity were determined in vitro. These phenolic compounds not only had anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in vivo, but also inhibited COX activity and silica-induced ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner. Among these phenolic compounds, compound VII was the most potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Compound VII significantly inhibited silica-induced ROS generation and compound VI significantly increased DPPH radical scavenging activity. Compounds I, II and III significantly inhibited the activity of COX-I and II. These results indicate that phenolic compounds of GE are anti-inflammatory, which may be related to inhibition of COX activity and to anti-oxidant activity. Consideration of the structure-activity relationship of the phenolic derivatives from GE on the anti-inflammatory action revealed that both C-4 hydroxy and C-3 methoxy radicals of benzyl aldehyde play an important role in anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2006

갈근(Puerariae Radix)의 $70\%$ ethanol 추출물 중 ethyl acetate 분획물(EPR)은 염증성 cytokine을 처리한 마우스 대식세포 및 토기 연골조직세포에서 염증의 발현과 관련된 NO 생성 저해효과를 보였고, 관절조직의 주요 성분 중 하나인 proteoglycan의 분해 억제효과와 관절조직 분해효소인 MMP-9의 활성이 억제되었다. 또한, 통증유발물질인 프로스타글란딘의 유의성 있는 감소를 보여 통증억제 효과가 있음을 확인하였을 뿐만 아니라 초산 유발 진통 효과테스트인 동물 모델에서도 효과적으로 통증을 억제함을 확인하였다. 즉, 갈근의 $70\%$ ethanol 추출물 중 ethyl acetate 분획물(EPR)은 독성의 문제뿐만 아니라, 소염, 진통 효과 및 연골 조직세포의 분해를 억제하는 다양한 효과를 나타내는 장점을 지니고 있어 관절염 치료제의 훌륭한 후보약재가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2018

Background: To identify a new strategy for postoperative pain management, we investigated the analgesic effects of allopregnanolone (Allo) in an incisional pain model, and also assessed its effects on the activities of the primary afferent fibers at the dorsal horn. Methods: In experiment 1, 45 rats were assigned to Control, Allo small-dose (0.16 mg/kg), and Allo large-dose (1.6 mg/kg) groups (n = 15 in each). The weight bearing and mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the hind limb were measured before and at 2, 24, 48, and 168 h after Brennan's surgery. In experiment 2, 16 rats were assigned to Control and Allo (0.16 mg/kg) groups (n = 8 in each). The degree of spontaneous pain was measured using the grimace scale after the surgery. Activities of the primary afferent fibers in the spinal cord (L6) were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Results: In experiment 1, the withdrawal threshold of the Allo small-dose group was significantly higher than that of the Control group at 2 h after surgery. Intergroup differences in weight bearing were not significant. In experiment 2, intergroup differences in the grimace scale scores were not significant. Substance P release in the Allo (0.16 mg/kg) group was significantly lower than that in the Control group. Conclusions: Systemic administration of Allo inhibited mechanical allodynia and activities of the primary afferent fibers at the dorsal horn in a rat postoperative pain model. Allo was proposed as a candidate for postoperative pain management.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2013

In this study, we analyzed the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of seven medicinal herbs. All extracts of the tested herbs, Euryale ferox Salisbury, Echinops setifer Iljin, Amomum cardamomum Linne, Tetrapanax papyriferus, Illicium verum Hook. f., Typha orientalis Presl, and Piper longum Linne, exhibited potent anti-oxidative activity as confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production, in the RAW 264.7 cell line, was also ameliorated by all extracts' treatments in a dose dependent manner. NO suppressive activity originated from the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression by the extracts. Three extracts, E. ferox S., I. verum Hook. f., and P. longum L., possessed suppressive activity against, not only iNOS, but also cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein expression. These three extracts may then serve as potential candidates for non steroidal analgesic inflammation drugs (NSAIDs). Furthermore, all extracts induced anti-oxidative enzyme, heme oxygenase 1, protein expression. Taken together, these results provide an important new insight into the fact that various medicinal herbs possess potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities and might be utilized as promising agents in the field of health products. Further studies for the identification of the active compounds from medicinal herbs are clearly needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.477-486
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• 1996

통각정보나 과탄산증이 내재진통계를 활성화 시켜서 진통효과를 가져온다는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 이 러한 일련의 과정에서 중추신경세포의-역활에 대한 체계적인 연구가 요구되는 바, 16마리의 성숙한 고 양이를 u-chloralose로 마취한 후 연수 및 좌골신경을 노출시켜, 상부연수의 복외측부(rostral ventrolateral medulla, 이후 RVLM으로 칭함)세포활동이 탄산가스분압의 변동에 어떠한 영향을 받는 지를 관찰하였다. RVLM에서 세포의 기록법으로 그 변화를 관찰한 바, 총 53개의 세포에서 자발적 인 활동을 보였고, 이 중 28개는 심맥관계 세포, 16개는 호흡관련 세포, 2개는 심맥관계-호흡 동시 관련 세포이었으며, 7개는 자발적 활동은 보이나 심 장주기나 호흡주기와 무관 하였다. 28개의 심맥관계 세포중 11개에서는 동맥혈내 탄산가스분압이 상승하였을때 세포 활동이 증가하고, 13개 세포에서는 반대로 감소하였으며, 나머지 4개 에서는 특별한 변화가 없었다. 16개의 호흡관련 세포중 9개에서는 동맥혈내 탄산가스분압이 상승하였을때 활동이 증가하고, 6개에 서는 감소하였으며 1개는 특별한 변화가 없었다 B개의 심맥관계-호흡관련 세포에서는 탄산\ulcorner스 분압의 상승에 큰 영향을 받지 않았다. 심 장 혹은 호흡주기와 무관하였던 7개의 세포중 4개는 동맥 혈 탄산가스 분압이 상승하였을때 세포 활 동이 감소하였고, 2개는 상승하였으며 1개는 큰 영향을 받지 않았다 말초신경 자극과 동시에 탄산가스분압을상승시켰을 때 심먹관계 세포의 A반응은큰 영향이 없었으 나 C반응은 상승하였다. 결론적으로 RVLM에는 동맥혈 탄산가스 분압이 상승하였을 때 활동이 증가하는 세포들이 존재하고, 이때 말초화학 감수기의 영 향보다는 탄산가스가 중추에 직접 작용할 가능성이 크며 과탄산증에 의한 내 재진통작용도 RVLM을 통하지는 않는다고 생각된다.