• Title/Summary/Keyword: anaerobic culture

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Effect of Long-term Step Exercise on the Cardiopulmonary Function and Blood Constituents (장기간의 계단운동 훈련이 심폐기능과 혈액화학상에 미치는 영향)

  • Hwang, Sang-Ik;Choe, Myoung-Ae;Koh, Chang-Soon
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.305-311
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    • 1987
  • To evaluate training effect, the step exercise was loaded to three mem for nine weeks. Step score, cardiopulmonary functions and blood constituents were measured before, during and after the test exercise (50 cm-step exercise and treadmill running), and were compared with the pre-tranining values. The results were as follows: 1) By the training, Harvard step score increased remarkably, expecially in the early stage of training. 2) The post-training values of maximal oxygen uptake increased very significantly and it seemed to be due to increases of stroke volume and tissue oxygen extraction. 3) After the training, the degree of increase in expired volume was small during the treadmill exercise. 4) By the training, increasing rate of respiratory quotient lessened during the exercise and it was considered to be caused by the decreases of carbohydrate consumption and anaerobic metabolism. 5) The blood cholesterol concentrations were harldy changed with this degree of training. 6) The blood lactate level decreased during the recovery periods and the values of the recovery 0 and 5 minutes decreased remarkably, in comparison with the pre-trained values. The above results suggest that the 9 week-training of the step exercise brings about the enhancement of circulatory functions and tissue oxygen utilization, and changes of food-stuffs used during the exercise.

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Effect of Environmental pH on End Products, Fermentation Balances and Bioenergetic As-pects of Lactobacillus bulg-aricus in a Glucose-limited “pH Stat” Continuous Culture.

  • Rhee, Sang-Ki;Pack, Moo-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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    • 1979.10a
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    • pp.246.1-246
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    • 1979
  • A glucose-limited “pH-stat” continuous culture study of Lactobacillus bulgaricus NLS-4 in an anaerobic condition showed the marked effects of environmental pH on end products, fermentation blances and bioenergetic aspects of the organism. Lactic acid was the major end product of fermentation with minor products, such as acetic acid, formic acid and ethanol throughout the pH range tested. In acidic conditions below pH 6.5, a typi-cal pattern of homofermentation was revealed whereas in alkaline conditions, the metabolic pattern was changed from homofermentation to heterofermentation and led to acquire much energy. This metabolic change was likely due to the pH-dependent lactate dehydrogenase activity. Molar growth yields (Yglc=35.5-44.4) and YATP, $18.5\pm2.5$ in average which was 80% higher than the value ever postulated seemed to be accounted for less requirement of maintenance energy of the organism in the culture conditions.

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Optimal Conditions of Co-Immobilized Mixed Culture System with Aspergillus awamori and Zymomonas mobilis (Aspergillus awamori와 Zymomonas mobilis로 구성된 혼합고정화 배양계의 최적 조건)

  • 박석규;이상원;손봉수;최수철;서권일;성낙계;김홍출
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.803-810
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    • 1995
  • Co-immobilized mixed culture system(A-Z system) composed of two different oxygen-demanding strains, aerobic(Aspergillus awamori) and anaerobic(Zymomonas mobilis) strains, in a Ca-alginate gel beads was developed to increase ethanol production from raw starch as a carbon source. Optimal mixture ratio of A. awamori and Z. mobilis was $1.25{\times}10^{9}\;spores/L-gel$ and 0.5g cells/L-gel, respectively. After 120 hours of cultivation, gel beads distinguished oxygen-rich surface for A. awamori from oxygen-deficient central part for Z. mobilis. At A-Z culture system, yield of ethanol on glucose, $Y_{p/s}=0.18$, was very low and there was high leakage of cells from surface of gel beads. At A-Z 36 cultrue system with changing silicon check valve for cotton plug at 36 hours in A-Z culture system, there was no cell leakage from gel beads, pH was maintained at around 4.3 during cultivation, and yield of ethanol on glucose, $Y_{p/s}=0.36$, showed 2 times higher than that of control culture system(cotton plug culture).

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Decoding the intestinal microbiota repertoire of sow and weaned pigs using culturomic and metagenomic approaches

  • Mun, Daye;Kim, Hayoung;Shin, Minhye;Ryu, Sangdon;Song, Minho;Oh, Sangnam;Kim, Younghoon
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.63 no.6
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    • pp.1423-1432
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    • 2021
  • To elucidate the role and mechanism of microbes, we combined culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to investigate differences in gut bacterial composition between sows and weaned pigs. Under anaerobic conditions, several nonselective and selective media were used for isolation from fecal samples. All isolated bacteria were identified and classified through 16S rRNA sequencing, and the microbiota composition of the fecal samples was analyzed by metagenomics using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. A total of 278 and 149 colonies were acquired from the sow and weaned pig fecal samples, respectively. Culturomics analysis revealed that diverse bacterial genus and species belonged to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were isolated from sow and weaned pigs. When comparing culture-dependent and culture-independent analyses, 191 bacterial species and 2 archaeal bacterial species were detected through culture-independent analysis, and a total of 23 bacteria were isolated through a culture-dependent approach, of which 65% were not detected by metagenomics. In conclusion, culturomics and metagenomics should be properly combined to fully understand the intestinal microbiota, and livestock-derived microbial resources should be informed by culturomic approaches to understand and utilize the mechanism of host-microbe interactions.

Analysis of Microbial Community During the Anaerobic Dechlorination of Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in Stream of Gimpo and Inchon Areas (경기도 김포, 인천 서구지역 소하천의 PCE 탈염소화 군집의 선별 및 다양성 분석)

  • Kim, Byung-Hyuk;Baek, Kyung-Hwa;Cho, Dea-Hyun;Sung, Youl-Boong;Ahn, Chi-Yong;Oh, Hee-Mock;Koh, Sung-Cheol;Kim, Hee-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.140-147
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    • 2009
  • In this study, anaerobic enrichment cultivation was performed with the sediments from the Gimpo and Inchon areas. Lactate as an electron donor and PCE as an electron acceptor was injected into the serum bottle with an anaerobic medium. After the incubation of 8 weeks, the reductive dechlorination of PCE was observed in 7 sites among 16 sites (43%). Three enrichment cultures showed completely dechlorination of PCE to ethene, while four enrichment culture showed transformation of PCE to cis-DCE. The bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR-DGGE. Dechlorinating bacteria were detected by species-specific primers. The dominant species in seven anaerobic enrichments were found to belong to the genus of Dehalococcoides sp. and Geobacter sp., and Dehalobacter sp.

Highly Pure Culture of Photosynthetic Bacteria for Pilot-scale Production (광합성세균의 파이롯트 단위 생산을 위한 고순도 배양)

  • Cho, Kyoung Sook;Yim, Tae Bin;Jeong, Hae Yoon;Cho, Jeong Sub;Kim, Joong Kyun
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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    • v.1 no.4
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    • pp.292-297
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    • 2006
  • Lab-scale and pilot-scale productions of photosynthetic bacteria, that were able to efficiently treat wastewater from aquacultural farm, were experimented for their highly-pure culture. The results of experiments in a gas pack reactor, an anaerobic flask and a flask using $N_2$ gas as N-source showed that only photosynthetic bacteria formed red colonies on agar plate and their purity was over 90% in a colony, observed under a microscope. It was found that the basal medium could most promote the growth of photosynthetic bacteria, confirmed by experiments of serial cultures on various media. Under the culture conditions, the specific growth rate was found to be $0.18h^{-1}$ from the culture in 5L bioreactor and the same value could be obtained in pilot-scale production.

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The Effect of Various Culture Conditions on Lactic Acid Bacteria Count (배양조건에 따른 유산균수 비교시험)

  • Kim, Eun-Ah;Kwak, Hae-Soo;Park, Joung-Nam
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.421-425
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    • 1990
  • This study was carried out to compare lactic acid bacteria count of liquid type yogurts with various experimental conditions during shelf-life period. The conditions were media(BCP and Elliker agar), incubation conditions(aerobic and anaerobic), dilution waters(saline and phosphate buffer) and dilution methods(10 and 100 times). All of the samples were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 hrs. In the case of counting L. acidophilus as a yogurt starter culture, there were differences on dilution waters and incubation conditions, but were no difference on media and dilution methods. In the case of counting L jugurti and mixed strain with L. acidophilus and L. casei, there were differences on media, incubation conditions and dilution waters, but was no difference on dilution methods. For L. casei in the yogurt, media and dilution methods were shown slightly different viable cell count but incubation conditions were not shown difference. In the case of counting L. bulgaricus, there were differences on media, incubation conditions and dilution methods, but was no difference on dilution waters. Therefore, the measurment of lactic acid bacteria count may be effective if preferred experimental conditions are selected for different types of strain.

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Antibacterial Activity of $NANOVER^{TM}$ Against Oral Malodor Generating Microorganisms 1. The Effect of Nanosilver on Growth of Oral Malodor Generating Microorganisms (구취유발세균에 대한 $NANOVER^{TM}$의 항균효과 검사 1. Nanosilver가 구취 세균의 증식에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Young-Hee;Mo, Hye-Won;Jeong, Ji-Suk;Choi, Kyung-Ho;Choi, Jae-Kap;Hur, Yun-Kyung;Lee, Sang-Heun
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.39-48
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    • 2009
  • Recently there is much interest in the antibacterial activity of nano-sized silver particle (nanosilver) since silver is known to be safe and effective as disinfectant for a long time. Oral malodor is considered to originate in the oral cavity primarily as a result of production of malodorous compounds by oral bacteria. Major compounds responsible for oral malodor are volatile sulfur compounds, which is thought to be generated by the G(-) anaerobic bacteria found normally in the oral cavity, especially on the dorsum of the tongue. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of nanosilver on growth of oral malodor generating microorganisms, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella melaninogenica, Klebsiella pneumonia, and to determine the optimal culture condition of them. The results were as follows: 1. The optimal culture condition for P. melaninogenica was vacuum culture using desiccator after evacuation of air by vacuum pump in chopped beef meat media. 2. The growth of K. pneumonia was temporarily inhibited by nanosilver (5 ppm and 10 ppm). 3. The morphological alteration and cell damage caused by nanosilver were observed in K. pneumonia.

ACTINOMYCOSIS OF THE RIGHT MASSETER FOLLOWING THE EXTRACTION OF LOWER THIRD MOLAR (하악지치 발치 후 우측 교근에 발생한 방선균증의 치험례)

  • Lee, Eun-Young;Kim, Kyoung-Won
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.296-301
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    • 2008
  • Actinomyces is a part of the normal oral flora, but under certain circumstances it may become pathogenic. Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous infective disease caused by microaerophilic Gram-positive bacteria of the genus actinomyces. It can involve almost any system, but principally affects the head and neck. Because the lesions in the submandibular region and the angle of the jaw give the face a swollen, indurated appearance, actinomycosis of mandible can be easily misdiagnosed in its acute or early state of infection. In these cases the disease usually presented as a swelling suggestive of an abscess or mimicking a neoplasm. The yield from standard cultures was poor and repeated sampling and anaerobic culture may be needed to obtain a positive culture. So actinomycosis should always be considered in a differential diagnosis of all infections of the cervicofacial area. Diagnosis of actinomycosis is made based on the histopathology, the clinical presentation and past dental history. We experienced a case of actinomycosis in the masseter muscle and present the case with review of literature.

Isolation of Ethanol-tolerant Strains of Yeast in Relation to Their Tolerant Mechanism (에탄올 내성 효모의 선별과 그의 에탄올 내성 기작)

  • 지계숙;박소영;이지나;이영하;민경희
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.136-142
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    • 1991
  • The selection of ethanol-tolerant strains was applied to enrichment culture of YPD broth medium containing various concentrations of ethanol. Isolates were identified to be Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the others as S. dairensis, S. exiguus, S. telluris, Saccharomycodes ludwigii, Schwanniomyces occidentalis var. occidentalis and Zygosaccharomyces florentinus. Among isolates S. cerevisiae YO-1 was screened as having the highest ethanol tolerance and produced 18% (v/v) ethanol after 4 days fermentation. The change of fatty-acyl residues represents that a progressive decrease in fatty-acyl unsaturation and a proportional increase in saturation in phospholipids of yeast cells during fermentation affected the yeast viability. Supplementation ethanol to the cultures led to an increase of unsaturated fatty-acyl residues, especially $C_{16}$ or $C_{18}$ residues, along with a decrease in the proportion of saturated residues in cellular phospholipids. Increasing the amount of soy flour led to an increase in the maximum number of viable yeast cells and ethanol production. It was possible in 4 days to reach 21% (v/v) ethanol by adding 4% soy flour as source of unsaturated fatty-acyl residues to the fermentation medium. Soy flour not only increased yeast population but also enhanced the physiological properties of yeast cells to be ethanol tolerant in the anaerobic culture.

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