• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2003

Background: Conscious sedation is a minimally depressed level of consciousness that retains the patient's ability to maintain the airway continuously and to respond appropriately to physical stimulation and verbal command at any time, produced by a pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic method or a combination thereof. In dental anesthesia, a state of sedation in which the conscious patient is rendered free of fear, apprehension, and anxiety through the use of pharmacologic agents. Midazolam is a useful drug of benzodiazepine on minor operation of dentistry. The purpose of this study is to estimate the appropriate dosage protocol of midazolam to the patient receiving intravenous sedation at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: Total subject was fifty-one patients and fifteen patients of this subject were decided to control group (Group I) that they were not received intravenous sedation. The experimental group was randomly subdivided into two groups and each of those groups was administrated to 0.05 mg/kg (Group II) and 0.08 mg/kg (Group III) each other. All patients of the subject were surveyed with postoperative one day questionaire to evaluate the level of sedation. Results: In view of antegrade amnesia, 1. Group II and III were statistically different compared to Group 1, respectively. 2. Group II and III were not statistically different. Conclusions: Apparent antegrade amnesia was found in both groups 0.05 mg/kg and 0.08 mg/kg intravenously administered. So we present the protocol of the department of oval and maxillofacial surgery, Kangnung National University Dental Hospital. But further studies concerning patient's age, body weight, and general condition will be carried out.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1567-1579
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• 2023

Sucralose는 식품 분야에서 sucrose 대체물로 사용되며 세계적으로 승인된 무열량 고강도 인공 감미료이다. 하지만 감미료가 뇌에 미치는 영향에 대한 조사는 미비하여 본 연구에서 scopolamine으로 유발된 기억력 손상 동물모델에서 sucralose 단기 섭취가 인지 및 기억 보호 효과를 가지는지 확인하였다. Sucralose 2, 5, 10 mg/kg를 경구투여하였으며 30분 후 대조군, 약물군에 scopolamine (1mg/kg) 복강투여를 진행하였고 정상군에는 식염수로 복강투여 후 행동실험을 수행하였다. 결과적으로 Y-maze, passive avoidance, Morris water maze에서 대조군과 비교해 10% 이상의 인지기능이 회복되는 결과를 도출하였다. 또한, 전염증성 사이토카인을 측정한 결과 sucralose가 IL-6와 TNF-α를 30% 이상 억제하는 것을 보였으며 세포 내 신호 메커니즘으로 ERK-CREB의 발현량을 관찰한 결과 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 sucralose는 건망증 환자의 예방과 치료를 위한 기능성 식품과 관련이 있다고 시사된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.384-388
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• 2008

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is responsible for more than 50% of all dementia cases. There is significant interest in finding new sources of compounds that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to be used in the treatment of AD, since only a few AChE inhibitors, such as galanthamine, physostigmine, and tacrine, are available for clinical use. In the present study, ICR mice were treated with a 1 mg/kg scopolamine, which caused impaired cognitive ability. The steady consumption of a water extract of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flowers for 3 months significantly prevented the scopolamine induced deficit of the spatial cognitive capability of mice. It also improved long-term memory in mice with amnesia induced by scopolamine, as assessed by the Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. In addition, water extract consumption significantly decreased AChE activity in mouse brain, leading to inhibition of acetylcholine hydrolysis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.888-892
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• 2002

Nae-Kyung says the puberty is corresponded to the age of 16～24(male) and 14～21 (female). And that time they are promoted the growth. However, Kidney qi doesn't make average situation during that time. So, the function of five viscera and six entrails fails to be perfect and symptoms appear. I came to the conclusion through the survey of about 200 high school students(male and female) and the theory of oriental medicine the distinctive features (like migraine, amnesia, depression, dysphoria, inappetence, irregular menstruation) came out that time. I defined this distinctive symptoms in boys and girls at puberty ‘synthetic symptoms of puberty’. For the medical cure and prevention I prescribed ‘Sachun-Nyung’ and that has medical benefits for ‘Replenishing qi and relieving the spleen, Soothing the liver and promoting blood circulation’

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2004

Objective : The effect Saenggitang (GT), which has been used for amnesia, in Oriental Medicine, on memory and learning ability, was investigated. Methods : Hot water extracts (HWE) of SGT were used for the studies. In passive avoidance performances (step through test), active avoidance performances (lever press test), Motor activity, pentobarbital-induced sleep, 20 and 50 mg/100g of SGT-HWE ameliorated the memory retrieval deficit induced by 40% ethanol. Results : The SGT-HWE did not affect the ambulatory activity of normal mice in normal condition. 20 and 50 mg/100g of SGT-HWE enhanced contextual fear memory, but not cued fear memory in a fear conditioning task, which requires the activation of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartase) receptor. SGT-HWE did not affect the motor activity measured by the titling type ambulometer test performed immediately and 24 hr after the administration. SGT-HWE prolonged the sleeping time induced by 50 mg/kg pentobarbital in mice and decreased SMA (spontaneous motor activity) in active avoidance performances (lever press test). Conclusion : These results indicate that the SGT-HWE have an improving effect on the memory retrieval disability induced by ethanol and may act as a stimulating factor for activating the NMDA receptor. and the SGT-HWE has a tranquilizing and anti-anxiety action.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

Purpose: Glufosinate ammonium (GA; phosphinothricin) can induce neurological complications such as altered mental status, amnesia, and convulsions. This study was conducted to evaluate whether blood lipid profiles can help predict convulsions in patients with GA poisoning. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of data acquired at a tertiary academic university hospital from March 2014 to July 2016. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of demographic and laboratory findings of 50 patients with GA poisoning were performed to identify correlations of general characteristics and laboratory findings, including blood lipid profiles of GA-poisoned patients between with and without convulsions. Results: Convulsion as a GA complication showed a significant association with poison volume, age, white blood cell count, and creatine phosphokinase (CK), albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content in blood according to an independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. However, ANCOVA demonstrated significant association with LDL and triglyceride. Conclusion: Blood lipid profiles, especially serum LDL and triglyceride, were useful in predicting convulsions in patients with GA poisoning.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.452-458
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• 2002

Dehydroevodiamine-HCl (DHED), which is a component separated from Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham, has novel anticholinesterase and antiamnesic activities in a scopolamine-induced amnesia model. Several studies suggest that DHED might be an effective drug for Alzheimer's disease and a vascular type of dementia. DHED was at dose levels of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day administered intraperitoneally to Sprague-Dawley male rats for 60 days before mating and to females from 14 days before mating to 7 days after mating. Effects of the DHED on general symptom and reproductive performance of parent animals and embryonic development were examined. In male parents, whereas no death was observed, reduction in the increase rate of body weight was found at 200 mg/kg. In female parents, both of the mating performance and the fertility of parent animals were decreased at 200 mg/kg, but not significantly. In 200 mg/kg treated group, the fetal death rate was increased but total fetuses showed no changes compared to the control group. There were no malformed F1 fetuses in all groups.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2003

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the availability of propofol and fentanyl (P + F) with diazepam and morphine (D + M) for intravenous conscious sedation during third molar surgery. Methods: Forty patients without systemic disease were operated under IV conscious sedation administered by either of the two techniques. Monitoring consisted of continuous observation of pulse rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and the respiratory rate and were recorded every 15 minutes. Cooperation score was measured 5 and 15 minutes after induction of IV sedation. Following the operation, the surgeon and patients completed questionnaires including pain visual analog scale, amnesia, and side effects. Results: The P + F group was significantly more cooperative than the D + M group. The side effects of D + M group included pain on injection, nausea/vomiting and abdominal pain. The side effects of P + F group included talkativeness, nausea/vomiting, temporary apnea, pain on injection and vertigo. Conclusions: In this study, there were following benefits in the P + F group; more cooperative status and less pain perception. But respiratory depression developed in some patients.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2006

Object: This research investigated effects of Jujadokseo-hwan on mice with Alzheimer's Disease induced by $amyloid-{\beta}$. According to Dongyibogam, Jujadokseo-hwan can cure amnesia. Amyloid-B is believed to induce oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, postulated to play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In this way $Amyloid-{\beta}$ induces Alzheimer's Disease. Methods : In order to make an efficient prescription and cope with dementia, learning and memory functions of mice were tested on passive avoidance test and V-maze task. $NF-{\kappa}B$ were measured from protein derived from the brain. RT-PCR was done for !gene analysis. Primers were protein kinase Band $NGF-{\alpha}$. Results : 1. Jujadokseo-hwan was effective for memory capacity on passive avoidance test. but noneffective for spatial memory capacity and locomotor activity on Y -maze task. 2. The measurement of $NF-{\kappa}B$ showed upward tendancies and the result of RT-PCR showed up-regulation when given Jujadokseo-hwan by mouth. Conclusion: Results suggest that Jujadokseo-hwan is effective on mice with Alzheimer's Disease induced by $amyloid-{\beta}$.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.159-177
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• 1999

In the study on the mineral substance used in Dong Eu Bo Gam(range of 'Sin') and the recent prescription of china, the results were as follows. 1. According to Dong Eu Bo Gam, Realgar was used for Sa-Su most often and Gold-leaf, Succinum, especially Cinnabaris were used for amnesia, epilepsy, a general term of manic-depressive psychosis too. The most kinds of mineral substance used for epilepsy. 2. According to recent prescription of china, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi got the most, and Succinum, Cinnabaris, Lapis Chloriti, Haematitum, Magnetitum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Fossilia Dentis Mastodi, iron powder were used frequently. For external application, Sulfur was too. And most kinds of mineral substance were used for epilepsy and schizophrenia. 3. Realgar, Gold-leaf, Succinum, Cinnabaris, Lapis Chloriti, Haematitum, Magnetitum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Fossilia Dentis Mastodi, iron powder have drug effect for mental disease, especially for epilepsy induced by terror. 4. For Application of mineral substance, it should be considered that the chemical elements of mineral substance act on human body. 5. For drug effect, it is important to make clear of original prescription.