• 터널과지하공간
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.360-368
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• 2010

이 논문은 발파석의 비산과 낙하를 조절하여 파쇄석이 사면의 낮은 쪽 소단에 분산될 수 있도록 한 노천발파에 대한 사례연구이다. 비산이 횡적인 분산과 파쇄석 더미의 이완을 초래하는 동안 낙하는 굴착기에 의한 굴착이 용이하도록 파쇄석 더미의 높이를 낮춰주는 역할을 한다. 이런 면에서 이 논문에서는 몇몇 발파설계 변수들을 조정하는데 주안점을 두었다. 대상 사면은 사암 벤치로서 벤치의 평균 높이는 22~24 m이다. 이 사면은 굴착심도가 14 m인 10 $m^3$ 용량의 로우프 쇼벨 작업이 가능하도록 조성되었다. 비산과 낙하를 조절한 새로운 발파설계 결과를 이 현장에서 적용되고 있던 상단(10~14 m)과 하단(12~15 m)의 이단식 발파 결과와 비교하였다. 파쇄석의 입도와 그 분포 및 쇼벨의 굴착 싸이클 시간들을 비교하였다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2015

In Shinjeong-dong of Jeongeup, there are three government-supported research institutes and an RFT industrial complex which is currently being established. Increased human activities can affect flora and fauna as a man-made pressure onto the region. As a baseline study, status of exotic plants was investigated prior to a full operation of the RFT industrial complex. A total of 54 species and 1 variety of naturalized or introduced plants were found in the study area. Among them, three species (Ambrosia artemisifolia var. elatior, Rumex acetocella and Aster pilosus) belong to 'nuisance species', and four species(Phytolacca americana, Iopomoea hederacea, Ereechtites hieracifolia and Rudbeckia laciniata) to 'monitor species' designated by the ministry of Environment. Some of naturalized trees and plants were intentionally introduced in this area, while others naturally immigrated. Physalis angulata seemes to immigrate in the study area in the form of mixture with animal feeds as its distribution coincided with the transportation route of the animal feeds. Liquidambar styraciflua is amenable to the ecological investigation on the possible expansion of the species to the nearby Naejang National Park as its leave shape and autumn color are very similar to those of maple trees. The number of naturalized plants around the RFT industrial complex will increase with an increase in floating population, in human activities in association with constructions of factories and operations of the complex. The result of this study provides baseline data for assessing the ecological change of the region according to the operation of the RFT industrial complex.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2018

Background: In elbow fracture-dislocation, partial excision of the comminuted radial head fracture that is not amenable to fixation remains controversial considering the accompanying symptoms. This study was undertaken to evaluate the results of radial head partial excision when the comminuted radial head fracture involved <50% of the articular surface in all-arthroscopic repair of elbow fracture-dislocation. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups based on the condition of the radial head fracture. In Group A, the patients had a radial head comminuted fracture involving <50% of the articular surface, and underwent arthroscopic partial excision. Group B was the non-excision group comprising patients with stable and non-displacement fractures. Follow-up consultations were conducted at 6 weeks and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Results: In all, 19 patients (Group A: 11; Group B: 8) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. At the final follow-up, all 19 patients showed complete resolution of elbow instability. No significant differences were observed in the range of motion, visual analogue scale score, and Mayo elbow performance score between groups. Radiological findings did not show any complications of the radiocapitellar joint. However, nonunion of the coracoid fracture was observed in 3 patients (Group A: 1; Group B: 2), without any accompanying instability and clinical symptoms. Conclusions: Considering that the final outcome is coronoid fracture fixation and lateral collateral ligament complex repair for restoring elbow stability, arthroscopic partial excision for radial head comminuted fractures involving <50% of articular surface is an effective and acceptable treatment for elbow fracture-dislocation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2019

Background No head to head comparison is available between surgical lip lifting and upper lip filler injections to decide which technique yields the best results in patients. Despite the growing popularity of upper lip augmentation, its effect on societal perceptions of attractiveness, successfulness and overall health in woman is unknown. Methods Blinded casual observers viewed three versions of independent images of 15 unique patient lower faces for a total of 45 images. Observers rated the attractiveness, perceived success, and perceived overall health for each patient image. Facial perception questions were answered on a visual analog scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores corresponded to more positive responses. Results Two hundred and seventeen random observers with an average age of 47 years (standard deviation, 15.9) rated the images. The majority of observers were females (n=183, 84%) of white race (n=174, 80%) and had at least some college education (n=202, 93%). The marginal mean score for perceived attractiveness from the natural condition was 1.5 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9-2.18) higher than perceived attractiveness from the simulated upper lip filler injection condition, and 2.6 points higher (95% CI, 1.95-3.24) than the simulated upper lip lift condition. There was a moderate to strong correlation between the scores of the same observer. Conclusions Simulated upper lip augmentation is amenable to social perception analysis. Scores of the same observer for attractiveness, successfulness, and overall health are strongly correlated. Overall, the natural condition had the highest scores in all categories, followed by simulated upper lip filler, and lastly simulated upper lip lift.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2023

Despite efforts to apply 3D print (3DP) technology in the field of fashion and endless discussions about the possibility of future development, in reality, it is difficult to utilize 3DP technology in fashion for reasons related to material, technology, and cost constraints. The purpose of this study was to supplement the limitations of 3DP technology in order to promote its utilization in fashion and simultaneously find a solution to achieve aesthetic satisfaction in the design method. Specifically, through the development of fashion products with a 3DP polymer-fabric structure to which the parametric design methodology has been applied, this study explored the possibility of practical application and proposes a new 3DP fashion design method. The 3DP polymer-fabric developed as a result of the research was stably adhered to the fabric. Additionally, the study confirmed the possibility of making 3DP clothes that are amenable to the wearer's activities, as it was verified that cutting and sewing tailored to the human body's curvature and structure can be performed. The design process using the 3DP polymer-fabric presented in this study is meaningful in that it suggests a solution to complement the limitations of modern technology in connection with designers' creativity. Moreover, the design process presented in this study is expected to contribute to the commercialization and generalization of 3DP by providing practical help to allow fashion experts to utilize 3DP technology.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2023

Fabry disease (FD), a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene gene encoding α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). The functional deficiency of α-Gal A results in progressive accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids, causing multi-organ damages including cardiac, renal, cerebrovascular systems. The current treatment is comprised of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), oral pharmacological chaperone therapy and adjunctive supportive therapy. ERT has been introduced 20 years ago, changing the outcome of FD patients with proven effectiveness. However, FD patients have many unmet needs. ERT needs a life-long intravenous therapy, inefficient bio-distribution, and generation of anti-drug antibodies. Migalastat, a pharmacological chaperone, augmenting α-Gal A enzyme activity only in patients with mutations amenable to the therapy, is now available for clinical practice. Furthermore, these therapies should be initiated before the organ damage becomes irreversible. Development of novel drugs aim at improving the clinical effectiveness and convenience of therapy. Clinical trial of next generation ERT is underway. Polyethylene glycolylated enzyme has a longer half-life and potentially reduced antigenicity, compared with standard preparations with longer dosing interval. Moss-derived enzyme has a higher affinity for mannose receptors, and seems to have more efficient access to podocytes of kidney which is relatively resistant to reach by conventional ERT. Substrate reduction therapy is currently under clinical trial. Gene therapy has now been started in several clinical trials using in vivo and ex vivo technologies. Early results are emerging. Other strategic approaches at preclinical research level are stem cell-based therapy with genome editing and systemic mRNA therapy.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.19-19
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• 2020

The Cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a tropical root crop, originally from Amazonia, that provides the staple food of an estimated 800 million people worldwide. It belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae which also includes rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and castor bean (Ricinus communis). Among tropical crops, rice, sugarcane, maize and cassava are the most important sources of calories for human consumption. Problems in the propagation of cassava are virus diseases and low rates of seed germination. So we tried to optimize protocols for mass production of somatic embryo amenable to large-scale vegetative propagation of Cassava. After in vitro eight-week culture of leaves of Cassava, the medium which contained the 2,4-D, BAP and IBA showed the highest callus induction rate, embryogenesis callus formation rate and somatic embryo formation in Cassava culture. In the medium with GA₃ and myo-inositol, shoots were most vigorously regenerated from somatic embryos of Cassava. Our experiments confirmed that in vitro growth and multiplication of plantlets could depend on its reaction to the different medium composition, and this micropropagation techniques could be a useful system for healthy and vigorous plant production.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.173-197
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• 2023

ShadowCam is a high-sensitivity, high-resolution imager provided by NASA for the Danuri (KPLO) lunar mission. ShadowCam calibration shows that it is well suited for its purpose, to image permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) that occur near the lunar poles. It is 205 times as sensitive as the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow Angle Camera (NAC). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) is greater than 100 over a large part of the dynamic range, and the top of the dynamic range is high enough to accommodate most brighter PSR pixels. The optical performance is good enough to take full advantage of the 1.7 meter/pixel image scale, and calibrated images have uniform response. We describe some instrument artifacts that are amenable to future corrections, making it possible to improve performance further. Stray light control is very challenging for this mission. In many cases, ShadowCam can image shadowed areas with directly illuminated terrain in or near the field of view (FOV). We include thorough qualitative descriptions of circumstances under which lunar brightness levels far higher than the top of the dynamic range cause detector or stray light artifacts and the size and extent of the artifact signal under those circumstances.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.212-233
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• 2024

This is a retrospective review of surgical management for primary lymphedema. Data were extracted from 55 articles from PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials between the database inception and December 2022 to evaluate the outcomes of lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) and vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT), and outcomes of soft tissue extirpative procedures such as suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL) and extensive soft tissue excision. Data from 485 patients were compiled; these were treated with LVA (n = 177), VLNT (n = 82), SAL (n = 102), and excisional procedures (n = 124). Improvement of the lower extremity lymphedema index, the quality of life (QoL), and lymphedema symptoms were reported in most studies. LVA and VLNT led to symptomatic relief and improved QoL, reaching up to 90 and 61% average circumference reduction, respectively. Cellulitis reduction was reported in 25 and 40% of LVA and VLNT papers, respectively. The extirpative procedures, used mainly in patients with advanced disease, also led to clinical improvement from the volume reduction, as well as reduced incidence of cellulitis, although with poor cosmetic results; 87.5% of these reports recommended postoperative compression garments. The overall complication rates were 1% for LVA, 13% for VLNT, 11% for SAL, and 46% for extirpative procedures. Altogether, only one paper lacked some kind of improvement. Primary lymphedema is amenable to surgical treatment; the currently performed procedures have effectively improved symptoms and QoL in this population. Complication rates are related to the invasiveness of the chosen procedure.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.406-416
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• 2007

연구배경: 단일염기다형성(Single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)은 인간의 유전자 서열 1000염기에 1개 빈도로 발견되어 인간은 대략 300만개의 유전자 다형성을 가지고 있다. 이 유전자 다형성의 조합결과로 인간의 개체 간 특성들이 결정되는 것으로 이해되고 있다. 이러한 다형성들의 조합양상에 따라 특이 질환에 대한 유전자 감수성 또한 달라지게 되므로 최근에는 많은 질환들과 유전자 다형성들과의 상관관계를 보는 연구들도 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 이러한 SNP분석은 큰 집단을 대상으로 진행되어 지므로 적은 비용으로 정확하게 그리고 대용량으로 분석할 수 있는 방법이 필요하다. 방 법: 대상 환자 89명의 genomic DNA를 가지고서 promotor상에 위치한 -37과 -524 염기부위에서 유전자 다형성을 보이는 것으로 보고되어져 있는 RRM1(ribonucleotide reductase M1) 유전자를 대상으로 PCR-RFLP(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism)와 real-time PCR(RTPCR, TaqMan probe assay)을 동시에 시행한 후 각각의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 대상 DNA 89예 중 -37에서는 2예(2.17%), -524에서는 15예(16.26%)가 서로 다른 양상을 보였다. 결과 차이를 보인 샘플 17예를 대상으로 직접 염기서열 분석을 시행하여 본 결과, 17예 모두 RT-PCR에서 확인되었던 결과와 일치함을 확인할 수 있었다. 추가 샘플 138예를 대상으로 RT-PCR을 2회 연속 실행하여 genotyping을 해 본 결과 98%이상의 높은 일치율을 보였으며, 그중 10예를 무작위로 골라 직접 염기서열 분석을 시행하여 본 결과, 역시 100%일치, 높은 정확도를 보였고 이는 in-tube assay 방식으로 샘플의 오염을 최소화 할 수 있었으며 72 well based system(Corbett Research)을 이용함으로 1회 유전자 증폭반응을 통해 많은 검체를 한 번에 확인할 수 있어 매우 빠른 검사방법 이었다. 결 론: 큰 집단을 대상으로 다량의 SNP를 분석하기 위한 실험 방법으로는 RT-PCR이 신속하면서도 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있는 방법으로 사료된다.