• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1547-1555
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• 2017

This paper studies Bayesian test of homogeneity in contingency tables made by discretizing a continuous variable. Sometimes when we are considering events of interest in small area setup, we can think of discretization approaches about the continuous variable. If we properly discretize the continuous variable, we can find invisible relationships between areas (groups) and a continuous variable of interest. The proper discretization of the continuous variable can support the alternative hypothesis of the homogeneity test in contingency tables even if the null hypothesis was not rejected through k-sample tests involving one-way ANOVA. In other words, the proportions of variables with a particular level can vary from group to group by the discretization. If we discretize the the continuous variable, it can be treated as an analysis of the contingency table. In this case, the chi-squared test is the most commonly employed method. However, further discretization gives rise to more cells in the table. As a result, the count in the cells becomes smaller and the accuracy of the test becomes lower. To prevent this, we can consider the Bayesian approach and apply it to the setup of the homogeneity test.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2016

SSG (self-healing smart grouting) method, which is developed recently, has the characteristics such as an improvement of durability and waterproofing, prevention of leaching and pollution. In this study, we performed several tests such as gel-time measurement, uniaxial compression test, permeability test, fish poison test and chemical resistance test to compare the engineering properties of SSG with the other chemical grouting method (LW, SGR). As results of tests, the SSG method has low possibility of groundwater and ground pollution caused by leaching, furthermore, it has advantages like long/short term waterproofing, strength and durability. Therefore the SSG method can be applicable in the fields as an alternative of existing chemical grouting methods with problems.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07d
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• pp.1541-1544
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• 2003

In This Paper, alternative method fur data pattern estimation is proposed and its numerical experiment is carried out. Proposed method gives candidates cluster numbers of given data set between n-2 and 2 by means of movement of the center of gravity. To observe the performance of proposed method, Test sample data sets are offered. Finally, this method is applied to Box and Jenkins's gas furnace data to verify the performance with previous researches.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.965-973
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• 2010

The small punch creep (SPC) test has recently received much attention as a new alternative to the conventional uniaxial creep test because it needs only a miniature-sized specimen directly detached from an operating system or component without any serious sampling damages. However, it is difficult to obtain the equivalent uniaxial creep data directly from the SPC data. As a specimen is deformed by a punch in the SPC test, the test result is sensitive to the friction between them. Finite element analyses with various friction coefficients was performed and showed a tendency of increased SPC life with an increased friction coefficient. The necking position predicted by the SPC simulation with a proper friction coefficient showed good agreement with that observed from the real SPC test. Finally, a noble method to convert the SPC load and displacement rate into the equivalent uniaxial creep stress and strain rate, respectively, was established in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.107-114
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• 2003

Among soft ground treatment methods with granular soil used in domestic, the sand compaction pile method has been utilized greatly, but, as a result of exhaustion of sand and increase of unit cost, the necessity of an alternative method is suggested. In this study, the static load tests for crushed-stone compaction piles which were constructed on test field were performed. Based on test results, stress concentration ratios between the crushed-stone compaction pile and the soft ground were investigated and estimated. At loading pressure, settlement showed decreasing tendency as replacement rate increases. At replacement rate of 20%, yield pressure was smaller but, at replacement rates of 30% and 40%, settlement and yield pressure were similar. The stress concentration ratio was within the range of 1.7 to 3.0 and it was higher as replacement rate increased.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.5-11
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• 2007

Among soft ground improvement methods by using granular material, the sand compaction pile method has been widely utilized in Korea, but, as a result of shortage and increase of unit price of sand, a necessity of an alternative method has been required. In this study, a series of in-situ static load tests for crushed-stone compaction piles were performed. Pile diameter was fixed to 700mm and areas of loading plates were changed. The static load tests were performed for area replacement ratios of 20, 30 and 40% respectively. Based on the test results, bearing capacity of single crushed-stone compaction pile was estimated. It showed that the settlement decreases as the replacement ratio increases. Also, a yielding capacity equation of the crushed-stone compaction pile considering replacement ratio was suggested.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.104-111
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to know the change of brain wave with stress by SUKI pressure alternative therapy. The experiment group was 12 students(male 6/female 6) with complained upper trapezius pain. Calculated the brain wave before and after stimulate the upper trapezius trigger point by SUKI and the stimulate time was 3min each persons(FP2, F3, F4, FP1, T3, T4, P3, P4). the experimet periods was 5times in a weeks with EEG(QEEG-S). The Date collecting used by Telescan(LXE5209). All the data was analyzed with SPSS 22.0 for window program. To compare the differences before and after the point pressure method, a corresponding sample of t-test was performed, and the statistical significance level was p<.05. The results was followed. The points of Fp2, F3, F4(*p<0.049, *p<0.042, *p<0.019) of EEG was showed a significant differences but Fp1, T3, T4, P3, P4 points did not showed. The SUKI alternative medicine techniques had a reduced effects for the some kind of brain stress. It is need to continuous research in the future.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of chewable toothbrush and manual toothbrush and provide basic data for recommendation of the chewable toothbrush in specific groups and situations. A total of 20 subjects participated in this study (rolling method, 10; non-rolling method, 10). After professional prophylaxis, participants used the manual toothbrush to brush their teeth for 3 minutes. After a 7-day wash-out period, participants used the chewable toothbrush according to the manufacturer's instructions. Pre- and post-plaque indexing of the teeth was performed. The dental plaque index was assessed using the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPI) for amount of plaque and Silness-Loe Plaque Index (SLPI) for plaque thickness. The difference between pre- and post-dental plaque index was analyzed using a paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Mann-Whitney U test was also used to compare the dental plaque index reduction rates. The dental plaque index differed significantly between the chewable toothbrush and the manual toothbrush. The TMQHPI reduction rate was significantly different between the rolling and non-rolling method groups for the manual toothbrush but not the chewable toothbrush. The difference in SLPI reduction rate between the rolling and non-rolling method groups was significant for the manual toothbrush but not for the chewable toothbrush. Differences in the dental plaque index reduction rates between the chewable and manual toothbrushes were not significant in the non-rolling method group. The results of this study showed higher reduction rates in dental plaque with manual toothbrush use than with chewable toothbrush use. However, the non-rolling method group did not show statistically significant differences according to toothbrush type. The present study showed that a chewable toothbrush can be an alternative to a manual toothbrush for individuals who have difficulty using the generally recommended rolling method.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.669-674
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• 2017

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are produced by marine dinoflagellate phytoplankton Alexandrium spp. and Gymnodinium spp. These toxins accumulate in filter feeding organisms such as bivalves and the ingestion of contaminated shellfish can cause illness in humans. The mouse bioassay (MBA) has been the preferred PST testing method worldwide for more than 50 years. However, this assay has several disadvantages, such as detection limits, non-toxic-profiles, and the ethical issues of using animals. The aim of this study was to establish an alternative to the MBA method for testing for PSTs. We optimized the analysis conditions of a post-column oxidation-high performance liquid chromatography (PCOX-HPLC) method and the Scotia Rapid Test Kit, and then compared the accuracy of these methods to the MBA method. The results demonstrated a strong correlation between the PCOX-HPLC method and the MBA, although the PCOX-HPLC method required expensive equipment and standard material, and was time consuming. The Scotia Rapid Test Kit promises to be a useful tool, as it provided rapid and qualitative results, although the method sometimes gave a false positive result that could not be explained by toxin profiles.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.199-207
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• 2014

Although High-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP) protection filter meets the requirements of pulsed current injection(PCI) acceptance test, the equipment under test which has low electromagnetic susceptibility level can be damaged during PCI verification test that is performed on operating condition of equipment. This paper proposed the HEMP effect analysis method using comparison of norms between residual current of HEMP filter and transient electromagnetic conducted susceptibility criteria of equipment, as an alternative method under the condition that performing PCI verification test is limited in HEMP hardened facilities. PCI acceptance test of HEMP filter, transient electromagnetic conducted susceptibility test, and PCI verification test are performed and test results are analyzed.