• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제42권8호
• /
• pp.77-93
• /
• 2004

This study examined the factors affecting allowance management and buying behaviors and their interrelationship. The data were collected from fourth, fifth and sixth grade students of elementary students in Kimhae-city by a self-administered questionnaire. Frequency distributions, Cronbach's Alpha, Pearson's correlation analysis, regression analyses, and path analysis were analyzed by SPSS Windows. According to the regression model for the allowance management behaviors, the significant variables were the child's sex, term of receiving allowances, recognition of the allowance amount before receipt, parents' guidance before using allowances, parent-child communication about consumption, and parents' mediation of mass media. On the other hand, in the regression model for the buying behaviors, the satisfaction of the allowance amount, parents' guidance before using allowances, the amount of watching TV, parent-child communication about consumption, and allowance management behaviors were significant. The path model showed the child's sex, term of receiving allowances, recognition of the allowance amount before receipt, and parents' mediation of mass media indirectly affected the buying behaviors. In addition, the satisfaction of the allowance amount and the amount of watching 1V directly affected the buying behaviors. Moreover, parents' guidance before using allowances and parent-child communication about consumption had a direct effect and an indirect effect through the allowance management behaviors on the buying behaviors. Finally, the allowance management behaviors showed a strong positive effect on the buying behaviors.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.1383-1388
• /
• 2001

To explore the factors restricting animal performance in relation to sward structure under a strip-grazing system, measurements of sward factors, herbage intake and milk production at 3 levels of herbage allowance were made on perennial ryegrass (Latium perenne L.) sward for 3 experimental periods. About 29%, 36% and 52% of the biomass offered was removed by grazing in high $(42kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$, medium $(30kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$ and low $(18kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$ herbage allowance plots. Live leaf material was much more affected by grazing under different herbage allowance levels than dead material or leaf sheath. Grazing with a low herbage allowance decreased the proportion of live lamina by 93% and live lamina density by 96% before grazing. The density of dead material plus sheath was decreased by 17% after grazing at a low allowance, while it slightly increased or remained constant in the plots applied with high and medium allowances, respectively. The highly significant (p<0.01) correlations between herbage allowance and proportion (r=0.94) and density (r=0.91) of live lamina in residual sward after grazing were observed. Daily herbage intakes in the plots with high and medium levels of herbage allowance were not significantly different at $15.3kg\;OM{\cdot}head^{-1}$ in average, whereas with low level it decreased to $13.9kg\;OM{\cdot}head^{-1}$. Daily milk production was significantly (p<0.05) declined from $22.3kg{\cdot}head^{-1}$ (at high herbage allowance) to $19.7kg{\cdot}head^{-1}$ (at low herbage allowance). The data obtained clearly indicated that herbage intake and milk production were highly affected by the characteristics of residual sward, which were closely related to the level of herbage allowance.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2005

This study investigated the allowance usage practices and factors affecting saving behavior from 291 elementary school students in Susan. Frequency distributions, Pearson product-moment correlations, and logistic regression analysis were conducted by SPSS Windows. Two-fifths of the respondents did not regularly receive allowance. Many parents did not guide what children spent their money on before using it. Children spent their allowances on buying snacks, stationary, and playing in the game room. Only a small number of the respondents kept a record, but many children saved money. On the other hand, in the logistic regression analysis, the significant variables explaining children's saving behavior were parents' guidance before using allowance, record-keeping, and doing household work for an allowance. These results imply that parents are in the best position to give children positive experiences towards financial management.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.1072-1081
• /
• 1997

The objectives of this study were to investigate the differences in appearance interest (clothing interest and body adornment) and self-confidence according to demographic variables such as age, education, and allowance, to examine the causal relationships of clothing interest and body adornment on self-confidence of elderly women. Subjects for this study were samples of 215 elderly women (ages 60 to 70) in Seoul, Korea. The instrument was a questionnaire and the survey was done in face-to-face method. 1. There was a significant difference in body adornment according to age. After age was controlled, there were significant differences in appearance interest and self-confidence according to education. There were significant differences in appearance interest and self- confidence according to allowance. 2. Education and allowance had a direct effect on clothing interest. Allowance, age, and education had a direct effect on body adornment. Education had a direct effect on allowance. 3. Clothing interest and allowance had a direct effect, and education had an indirect effect on self-confidence. Body adornment and allowance had a direct effect on self-confidence, education and age had an indirect effect on self-confidence. The present findings provide that appearance interest such as, clothing interest and body adornment had a significant effect on self-confidence of elderly women. It appeared that the connection between body adornment and allowance was stronger than the connection between clothing interest and allowance. The causal relationship of clothing interest on self- confidence was stronger than the causal relationship of body adornment on self-confidence. The clothing interest was a variable that most affected on self-confidence of elderly women.

• 한국아동복지학
• /
• 제60호
• /
• pp.59-86
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 아동수당 제도와 출산율의 관계를 살펴보고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 아동수당제도를 도입한 OECD 19개국을 대상으로 1980-2016년까지의 시계열자료를 구성하고 결합회귀분석을 통해 변인 간 관계를 규명하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 인구사회학적 변인들의 영향력을 통제한 후, 아동수당제도를 비롯한 현금지원정책은 일정 부분 합계출산율에 긍정적인 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 이러한 효과는 아동수당제도 내 출산 장려기제를 도입한 국가군에서 더 두드러지게 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 앞으로 도입될 한국의 아동수당 제도가 출산장려책으로서 기능하기 위해서는 아동수당제도 내 출산장려기제를 추가로 도입해 다자녀 가구에 대한 혜택을 강화할 필요성을 제언하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.99-104
• /
• 2012

This paper analyzes the pitting's cause of elevator's worm gear type traction machine. To find a cause of pitting problem, we analyzed vibration, a proper design allowance and lubrication. We brought a conclusion that the cause of pitting is not a simple vibration problem, such as misalignment of worm reducer and rail, but mostly related to a designed allowance. In this case, the allowance is tight. In general, the allowance of traction machine and lubrication is varied by manufacturers. When the allowance is tight, a proper lubrication can diminish the pitting problem.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.273-283
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify consumption behaviors among children and to examine the differences according to sociodemographic characteristics, factors related to allowance, and parents' consumer socialization function perceived by children. The data were collected from 291 elementary school students in Busan. The results of this study were as follows. First, regarding parents' consumer socialization function perceived by children, the level of child's participation and influence in consumption decision-making was the highest, whereas the level of parent-child communication about consumption was the lowest. Second, consumption behaviors among children were identified into 5 groups: impulsive consumption group, rational allowance management group, friend-dependent purchase group, planned purchase group, and effective goods management group. There were significant difference among them according to child's sex, allowance amount, allowance frequency, parents' guidance about allowance usage, parents' check after allowance usage, and 3 categories of parents' consumer socialization function perceived by children. These results imply that consumer education for parents should be developed and activated to improve consumer socialization function of parents.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.248-252
• /
• 2015

Currently composite manufacturing process, such as linear friction welding plus NC machining, is the main method for the manufacturing and repairing of complex parts with integrated structure. Due to different datum position and inevitable distortion from different processes, it is important to ensure sufficient machining allowance for complex parts during the NC machining process. In this paper, a workpiece localization approach for machining allowance optimization of complex parts based on CMM inspection is developed. This technique concerns an alignment process to ensure sufficient stock allowance for the single parts as well as the whole integrated parts. The mathematical model of the constrained alignment is firstly established, and then the symmetric block solution strategy is proposed to solve the optimization model. Experiment result shows that the approach is appropriate and feasible to distribute the machining allowance for the single and whole parts for adaptive machining of complex parts.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.441-448
• /
• 2014

We examined the effects of dietary nutrient content, feeding period, and feed allowance on compensatory growth, food use, chemical composition, and serum chemistry of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. We placed 720 juvenile fish into 24 400-L flow-through round tanks (30 fish per tank).A $2{\time}2{\time}2$ factorial design (diet: control (C) and high protein and lipid (HPL) ${\time}$ feeding period: 8 and 6 weeks ${\time}$ feed allowance: 100% and 90% of satiation) was applied. Fish were hand-fed twice daily, based on the designated feeding schedule. Weight gain and food consumption were affected by both the feeding period and feed allowance, but not by diet. The food efficiency ratio was not affected by diet, feeding period, or feed allowance, but the protein efficiency ratio and protein retention were affected by diet and feeding period, respectively. We found that the full compensatory growth of fish was not achieved at a restricted feeding allowance.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제37권7호
• /
• pp.1202-1211
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to investigate cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents, and to identify the relationships among these variables. Method: The participants were 690 students from two middle schools and three high schools in Seoul. Data was collected through self-report questionnaires which included a cybersex addiction index, a Korean gender egalitarianism scale for adolescents, a sexual attitude scale and a scale for the allowance of sexual violence. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Of the adolescents, 93.3% reported not being addicted to cybersex, 5.7% reported being mildly addicted, 0.4% moderately addicted, and 0.6% severely addicted. Cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were different according to general characteristics. Cybersex addiction of adolescents correlated with gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence. Conclusion: Gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were influenced by cybersex addiction. Therefore, nursing interventions for prevention and management of cybersex addiction need to be developed and provided to adolescents. In addition, varied programs for teaching sexuality to adolescents should be developed and provided.