• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.6 s.171
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• pp.127-134
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• 2005

The machine vision has been applied to a number of industrial applications for quality control and automations to improve the manufacturing processes. In this paper, the automation system using the machine vision is developed, which is applicable to the marking process in a steel production process line. The working environment is very harsh to workers so that the automatic system in the steel industry is required increasingly. The developed automatic marking system consists of several mechanical and electrical elements such as the laser position detecting sensor system fur a structured laser beam which is projected to the billet in order to detect the geometry of the billet. An image processing algorithm has been developed to percept the two center positions of a camera and a billet, respectively, and to align two centers. A series of experiments has been conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that two centers of the camera and the billet could be detected very well and differences between two center positions could be also decreased via the proposed location error decreasing algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.6 s.171
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• pp.144-151
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• 2005

Spin coater is regarded as a major module rotating at high speed to be used build up polymer resin thin film layer fur bonding process of GaAs wafer. This module is consisted of spin unit for spreading uniformly, align device, resin spreading nozzle and et. al. Specially, spin unit which is a component of module can cause to vibrate and finally affect to the uniformity of polymer resin film layer. For the stability prediction of rotation velocity and uniformity of polymer resin film layer, it is very important to understand the dynamic characteristics of assembled spin coater module and the dynamic response mode resulted from rotation behavior of spin chuck. In this paper, stress concentration mode and the deformed shape of spin chuck generated due to angular acceleration process are presented using analytical method for evaluation of structural safety according to the revolution speed variation of spin unit. And also, deformation form of GaAs wafer due to dynamic behavior of spin chuck is presented fur the comparison of former simulated results.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2013

What is the fundamental cause of the broader gap between East and West medicine? This is a very long story that began in the late Renaissance and still continues today. Why it took so long time from the end of the XIIth century when acupuncture was firt imported to Europe to XX century when it was finally settled in France? We present three cases which caused the delayed establishment : A "blisters" article from Diderot and D'Alembert in the eighteenth century, the practice of acupuncture by Dr. Berlioz in Paris in early 19th century, and the reception of the works of Georges Soulie de Morant in France in the 1930's. We attempt to show the misunderstanding that has always prevailed between the East and West medicines because of different viewpoint : the West has not understood the richness and subtlety of the approach of East asian thought and wanted to "align" the Asian medical modality to west medicine with inappropriate and insufficient "experiments" without enough explanation of the principles and philosophical backgrounds. It was not the matter of technology but the mutual incomprehension of history and culture.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.114-118
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• 2012

Proximal caries or coronal defect in posterior teeth may result in the loss of proximal space and drifting of neighboring teeth, which makes restoration difficult. Inability to restore proper contours and to align tooth axis properly are commonly encountered problems when planning tooth restoration. Moreover, tilted teeth aggravate periodontal tissue breakdown, such as pseudo-pocket, and angular osseous defect. The purpose of this case presentation is to describe a simple technique for inducing minor tooth movement with orthodontic separating ring and provisional restoration modification. This method was used to create crown placement space on mesially tilted molar. This method is easy, simple and efficient technique which could be used in interproximal space gaining in selected situation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.287-298
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• 2019

The purpose of this study to investigate the impact of rewards on job satisfaction and whether economic trends moderate the relationship of job satisfaction and rewards or not. Furthermore, this study also investigates whether the relationship between job satisfaction and reward is linear or nonlinear and whether the relationship diminishes or improves with predictor inclusion. Data collection was done through online and self-administered questionnaires by adopting cluster sampling technique from higher education institutions of Pakistan. Results based on 2160 responses suggest that economic trends moderate the relationship of job satisfaction and reward while assuming the economic trends as perceived rewards. The logit model was adopted to probabilistic relationship between job satisfaction and reward in moderation with economics trends. The moderations magnify the impact of rewards on job satisfaction. The job satisfaction is more sensitive to extrinsic reward as compared to intrinsic reward. The relationship of job satisfaction and reward is nonlinear for both extrinsic and intrinsic reward suggesting the diminishing relationship of job satisfaction and rewards. This study has pivotal implication for the higher education sector as it helps the sector to align the rewards with economic and trends and can normalize the reward after assessing the nonlinear stricture of relationship.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.43-45
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• 2010

Acquisition of thermoremanent magnetization follows a Boltzman statistics, as such long reaction time in a slowly cooled environment allows more chance to align individual magnetic particles parallel to the external magnetic field. Hence it has been proposed that the slowly cooled rocks often acquire stronger magnetization than the rapidly cooled ones. Such a proposition has been experimentally validated to be true for the fine-grained magnetite- or titanomagnetite bearing basaltic rocks collected from the mid-ocean ridges. However, the effect of cooling-rate on the remanence intensity appears to be insignificant for nominal grain ranges.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the status quo and identify the challenges and benefits of the digital transformation in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. The six participating SMEs were purposely contacted, and they were either nominated for, or received the Vietnam Digital Awards in 2018, 2019 and 2020, which were held by the Vietnam Digital Communication Association (http://en.vdca.org.vn/). A qualitative research method is adopted, using a semi-structured interview method and a theoretical triangulation of legitimacy, stakeholder and stewardship theories to facilitate the investigation. This research tries to identify the current challenges and benefits for digital transformation of SMEs in Vietnam, based on perception and experience from business leaders and managers from six SMEs in Vietnam. The findings of this study reveal that besides the recent challenges for digital transformation, participants also experienced and shared their perspectives regarding the benefits received from the digital transformation journey of their organization, which varied from (i) improve operational as well as business functions; (ii) liberate staffs and managers from daily work and allows them to focus on decision-making tasks; (iii) enable solutions to deal with consequences from the COVID-19 pandemic; (iv) enhance value creation process; and (v) help firms to align with the global business standards.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2019

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are widely used for wearable motion-capturing systems in the fields of biomechanics and robotics. When the IMUs are combined with optical motion sensors (hereafter, OPTs) for their complementary capabilities, it is necessary to align the coordinate system orientations between the IMU and OPT. In this study, we compare the application of two coordinate transformation-based orientation alignment methods between two coordinate systems. The first method (M1) applies angular velocity coordinate transformation, while the other method (M2) applies gyroscopic angle coordinate transformation. In M1 and M2, the angular velocities and angles, respectively, are acquired during random movement for a least-square algorithm to determine the alignment matrix between the two coordinate systems. The performance of each method is evaluated under various conditions according to the type of motion during measurement, number of data points, amount of noise, and the alignment matrix. The results show that M1 is free from drift errors, while drift errors are present in most cases where M2 is applied. Thus, this study indicates that M1 has a far superior performance than M2 for the alignment of IMU and OPT coordinate systems for motion analysis.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.111-119
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• 2018

This paper proposes a method to improve speech recognition performance by extracting various pronunciations of the pseudo-morpheme unit from an eojeol unit corpus and generating a new recognition unit considering pronunciation variations. In the proposed method, we first align the pronunciation of the eojeol units and the pseudo-morpheme units, and then expand the pronunciation dictionary by extracting the new pronunciations of the pseudo-morpheme units at the pronunciation of the eojeol units. Then, we propose a new recognition unit that relies on pronunciation by tagging the obtained phoneme symbols according to the pseudo-morpheme units. The proposed units and their extended pronunciations are incorporated into the lexicon and language model of the speech recognizer. Experiments for performance evaluation are performed using the Korean speech recognizer with a trigram language model obtained by a 100 million pseudo-morpheme corpus and an acoustic model trained by a multi-genre broadcast speech data of 445 hours. The proposed method is shown to reduce the word error rate relatively by 13.8% in the news-genre evaluation data and by 4.5% in the total evaluation data.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2859-2872
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• 2019

Interference alignment (IA) has been a powerful approach to achieve the maximum degree of freedom (DoF) for K users multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels. However, due to the feasibility constraint, aligning all the interference signals at each receiver is impractical for large K without symbol extension. In this paper, we propose two best-effort interference alignment (BEIA) schemes that the network selects the maximum number of interfering transmitters to align their signals given the feasibility conditions when each transmitter-receiver pair has a constant number of data streams. Besides, in case of not all interfering signals aligned at each receiver, an upper bound of the average throughput is derived. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes have superiority over the traditional methods, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) and cluster IA(CIA), in low and moderate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region in terms of average user throughput. In addition, the proposed max-min relative interference distance alignment scheme outperforms the proposed scheme of equal interfering transmitters number alignment in terms of both average user throughput and minimum user throughput.