• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2006년도 학술대회 2부
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• pp.639-645
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• 2006

During abstinence from alcohol, craving is elicited by the cues and contexts previously associated with alcohol, and contributes to relapse. To prevent the craving and relapse experienced by alcoholics, cue-exposure therapy (CET) has been used to extinguish the association between alcohol and alcohol-related cues and contexts. This study applied CET, using a virtual reality (VR) system, to eight members of an Alcoholics Anonymous group, in eight sessions. Cues and contexts most likely to elicit an urge to drink were selected through a preliminary survey in order to compose VR-CET scenarios: a glass, bottle, food, and a bar were judged to be the most tempting for people in alcohol dependence and abstinence. By these cues and contexts, a Japanese style pub and a western bar were composed. Each session was administered for 30 minutes by a psychiatrist and included an introduction, immersion, VR navigation, interviews about feelings, and self-report questionnaires about cravings. The eight sessions consisted of initial and closing sessions, and six cue- and context-focused sessions. As a result, a reduction in cue-elicited craving after VR-CET was reported. A mean score of 15.75 (SD = 10.91) on the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire in the first session decreased to 11.57 (SD = 6.88) in the final session.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2023

This study verified the effect of a combined forest/thermal therapy (FT/TT) program on participants with depressive symptoms and smoking or alcohol dependence. The participants included 20 people in the experimental group and 18 people in the control group. The experimental group participated in the FT/TT program for 2 nights and 3 days at the National Center for Forest Healing, in Hoengseong (National Hoengseong Supchewon), and a charcoal kiln operated by the Gangwon Charcoal Farming Association. The control group carried out their daily life for the same period. Psychological, physiological, and biochemical tests were conducted to determine the effect of the program. The results showed that there were significant improvements in stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, sleep satisfaction, and IL-6 levels. However, no significant difference was found in the cortisol, serotonin and melatonin levels between the experimental and control groups. Thus, the FT/TT therapy had psychological and biochemical effects on individuals with depression and nicotine or alcohol dependency. Further studies should be conducted to verify the effect of forest healing in various conditions.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2007

The study is designed to compare differences between male and female Internet users in present Internet use conditions, Internet addition, self-respect, and deviation from a health life and analyze and understand factors causing compulsive Internet use. The research is aimed at suggesting basic information to guide a desirable direction for healthy and effective Internet use. The survey of 456 students majoring in public health at some universities in the Pusan-Kyungnam areas was made in November, 2006. The results are as follows: As for general information on those surveyed the number of the males was 50(11.0%) and that of the females was 406(89.0%), which shows an absolute higher ratio of the female respondents. On a question of Internet use frequency 62% of the male students and 44.6% of the female students answered they use the Internet everyday. Also the male respondents' Internet use time was longer. 64.0% of the male students use the Internet for games and entertainment, which were the highest ranked reason. 64.4% of the female students said they use the Internet to check e-mails. To all the questions assessing Internet addiction, the male users' answers implied higher addiction levels, but there wasn't statistically significant difference. However, the statistically outstanding distinction between the two sexes on deviation from a health life is shown in smoking, cheating in a test, obscene video/books, and conflicts with parents. The most answered deviations among the male respondents are smoking, cheating in a test, and obscene video/books, while conflicting with parents is for the female students. On self-respect the survey has found statistical differences in five questionnaire items and the female showed higher levels in all those questions. The male students answered cheating in a test(0.399), conflicts with parents(0.391), and Internet use time(0.242) have significant plus(+) influences on their compulsive internet use, while alcohol(-0.308) has a minus(-) influence. The female students answered self-respect(0.114), alcohol(0.097), obscene video/book (0.218), conflicts with parents (0.243), and Internet use time (0.284) factors have plus(+) effects.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2008

Purpose: Abrupt abstinence from alcohol in cause of chronic alcohol addiction can trigger alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The authors studied the effect of post-operative alcohol withdrawal syndrome in patients who require intensive care due to trauma. Methods: For the study group, we selected 70 patients who had undergone emergency surgery from May 2003 to March 2007 due to trauma and who had been treated with prophylactic thiamine. Data was collected retrospectively. We excluded those who extended their hospital stay for other than traumatic causes, those who died within 3 days of surgery after trauma, those who transferred to other institutions, and those who received a psychiatric diagnosis. Patient groups were determined by the existence or the non-existence of withdrawal syndrome. Age, sex, injury mechanism, mortality, complications, durations of hospital stay and intensive care, use of mechanical ventilator, and sedative use were investigated. A Chi-square test and The Mann-Whitney method were used for statistical analysis in this study. Results: Twenty-four (24) patients from the 58 who had an ISS of 16 or more showed alcohol withdrawal syndrome, and men were shown to be affected with the syndrome significantly more than women. Although ISS was higher in the group with alcohol withdrawal syndrome, statistically, the difference was not significant (P<0.08). The total hospital stay in the patient group with alcohol withdrawal syndrome was on average 10 days longer. However, the difference was not significant (P<0.054). The duration of intensive care in the patient group with alcohol withdrawal syndrome was significantly longer (P<0.029). The patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome showed no significant difference in the duration of mechanical ventilator use (P<0.783), or in the duration of sedative use (P<0.284). Respiratory distress, pneumonia, upper airway infection, sepsis, acute renal failure, and mortality in the alcohol withdrawal syndrome group were investigated, but no statistically significant difference were noted. Conclusion: We found that the duration of intensive care in chronic alcohol abusers was longer due to the development of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. We also discovered that, when the patients overcame the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal syndrome after intensive care, no difference was found in the frequency of developing complications, the morbidity, and the mortality. Therefore, we conclude that intensive care in trauma patients who are chronic alcohol abusers decreases the incidence of complications found in patients with post-operative alcohol withdrawal syndrome and does not adversely impact the prognoses for those patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.3547-3554
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 국내 알코올중독전문병원의 서비스 제공형태, 인력현황, 구조화된 알코올 프로그램 등의 현황과 향후의 경향성에 대해 조사하고자 국내 알코올중독전문병원임을 표방하는 총 8곳 중 조사에 동의한 6개 기관을 대상으로 2010년 6월 17일부터 7월 15일까지 구조화한 설문지 조사를 수행하였다. 응답한 알코올 중독전문병원의 운영 주체는 개인(공동)이 66.7%로 가장 많았으며, 소재지 별로는 대도시 지역에 위치한 기관이 50%로 가장 많았다. 알코올 환자를 전문적으로 치료해 온 기간은 5년 미만이 50.0%로 가장 많았으며 조사 대상 기관의 병상 수는 평균 208 병상이었다. 서비스 제공 형태는 모든 기관이 입원 외래치료를 함께 제공하고 있는 반면 주당 최소 2~3시간 정도의 구조화된 외래 치료서비스는 33.3%였다. 신체 개인 심리사정이 모든 기관에서 시행되고 있는 반면 낮 병원을 위한 프로그램은 16.1%였다. 보호병동 병상이 72.0%였으며 밤 병원 및 낮 병원 병상은 각각 7.6%, 2.6% 으로 낮았다. 정신 보건법 시행규칙 기준과 비교하면 정신보건사회복지사와 정신보건간호사는 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났으나 기관별 차이가 높음에 비하여 정신과전문의와 간호사의 인력현황 비율은 전체적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 임상전문가들이 느끼는 가장 큰 문제점으로는 알코올 의존증에 대한 환자의 치료 거부로 원활한 치료가 시작되지 않는다는 것과 퇴원 후 연계 가능한 지역사회정신보건 기관의 수가 부족하다는 의견이 높았고 다음으로 낮은 의료수가와 음주폐해에 대한 낮은 사회적 인식 문제가 제기되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.4412-4420
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• 2013

알코올은 인체에 영향을 미치지 않는 곳이 없을 정도로 여러 질환들을 야기 시킨다. 이로 인해 알코올중독과 관련된 여러 연구가 진행되고 있으나 알코올중독환자의 피부질환에 관련된 연구는 국내에서 찾아보기 어렵다. 이에 민감한 피부를 가진 여성알코올중독환자의 피부질환중 소양증에 관한 연구를 하였다. 2013년 05월 1일~2013년 5월 20일까지 전국의 알코올중독치료병원 4곳에서 여성알코올중독환자 114명의 설문지와 청주, 성남시 일반인 106명의 설문지를 토대로 비교연구를 하였고, 연구 결과 알코올중독환자가 일반인에 비해 소양증 점수가 더 높았고, AUDIT-K점수와 소양증점수는 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 음주주기, 음주량도 소양증에 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구 자료가 알코올중독 환자의 피부치료의 기초자료로 활용되며 앞으로 알코올중독환자의 피부연구의 활성화를 기대한다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2003

Methamphetamine (MA) is a major drug of abuse in Korea. Currently preliminary evidence suggests that MA dependence may cause long-term neural damage in human. Repeated exposure to psychostimulants such as methamphetamine results in behavioral sensitization, a paradigm thought to be relevant to drug craving and addiction in human. Sensitization alters neural circuitry involved in normal processes of incentrive, motivation, and reward. However the precise mechanism of this behavioral sensitization has not yet been fully elucidated. Repeated use of high dose MA causes neurotoxicity which is characterized by a long-lasting depletion of striatal dopamine (DA) and tyrosin hydroxylase activity of DA, DA-transporter binding sites in the striatum. The loss of DA transporters correlates with memory problems and lack of motor coordination. DA fuels motivation and pleasure, but it' s also crucial for learning and movement. This selective review provides a summary of studies that assess the neurobiological mechanisms of MA.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Smokers keep smoking despite knowing that tobacco claims many lives, including their own and others'. What makes it hard for them to quit smoking nonetheless? Tobacco companies insist that smokers choose to smoke, according to their right to self-determination. Moreover, they insist that with motivation and willpower to quit smoking, smokers can easily stop smoking. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to discuss the addictive disease called tobacco use disorder, with an assessment of the addictiveness of tobacco and the reasons why smoking cessation is challenging, based on neuroscientific research. Nicotine that enters the body via smoking is rapidly transmitted to the central nervous system and causes various effects, including an arousal response. The changes in the nicotine receptors in the brain due to continuous smoking lead to addiction symptoms such as tolerance, craving, and withdrawal. Compared with other addictive substances, including alcohol and opioids, tobacco is more likely to cause dependence in smokers, and smokers are less likely to recover from their dependence. Moreover, the thinning of the cerebral cortex and the decrease in cognitive functions that occur with aging accelerate with smoking. Such changes occur in the structure and functions of the brain in proportion to the amount and period of smoking. In particular, abnormalities in the neural circuits that control cognition and decision-making cause loss of the ability to exert self-control and autonomy. This initiates nicotine dependence and the continuation of addictive behaviors. Therefore, smoking is considered to be a behavior that is repeated due to dependence on an addictive substance, nicotine, instead of one's choice by free will.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aimed to identify general characteristics of health status and health behavior of adolescents in accordance with their purposes with internet. Methods: Based on Adolescent Health Behavior Online Survey (KYRBS) in 2014, a total of 57,333 adolescents who had used internet were examined in this study. Results: Users for non-academic purposes were associated with male, low grades, low education level of parents, low income level, being apart from parents, being without any consulting partners, being with one parent families, low perceived health status, the experience suicidal ideation and negative health behavior such as alcohol and tobacco. In particular, these trends were appeared strongly by internet users for the purpose of the non-academic purposes. Male among high grades is shown to be mostly Academic internet users and they were more likely to have problems with some health behaviors such as exercise frequency and smoking. Conclusions: Target population should be internet users for only non-academic purposes to prevent internet addiction of adolescents. Internet addiction prevention program should be provided in terms of mental health and problematic behavior. Additionally, health behavior of internet over user for only academic purposes should be concerned.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.505-518
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• 2020

본 연구는 단주과정에 있는 여성의 자기실현에 관한 생애사 연구이다. 연구의 목적은 여성 알코올 중독에 관한 정황들을 탐색하여 치료 및 회복을 위한 논의의 지평을 확장시키고 사회복지적인 개입방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 7년 이상 단주 중인 여성 알코올 중독 회복자가 참여했으며, 생애사 분석을 위한 텍스트는 Mandelbaum이 제안한 생애사 분석틀에 의거하여 '삶의 영역', '전환점', '적응'으로 나눴다. 자료분석 결과 <삶의 영역>은 '개인적인 삶의 차원', '자족차원의 삶의 차원', '사회적인 삶의 차원'의 총 3개의 영역으로 분석되었다. <전환점>은 '술을 마시고 폭력을 행사하는 아버지로부터 탈출', '상사의 폭행을 피해 직장을 포기함', 'AA(단주 자조모임) 참여로 서서히 치유의 길을 걸어감'으로 드러났다. <적응>은 '공부를 잘하는 적응전략', '술을 마심으로써 분노를 삭이는 적응전략', 'AA로의 의탁과 자기실현을 생각하는 적응전략' 으로 도출되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 자기실현에 입각한 사회복지 실천 및 정책 차원의 논의를 제시하였다.