• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.246-250
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• 2001

In resin transfer molding (RTM), resin is forced to flow through the fiber perform of inhomogeneous permeability. This inhomogeneity is responsible for the mismatch of resin velocity within and between the fiber tows. The capillary pressure of the fiber tows exacerbates the spatial variation of the resin velocity. The resulting microscopic perturbations of resin velocity at the flow front allow numerous air voids to form. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to predict the formation and migration of micro-voids during resin transfer molding. A transport equation was employed to account for the migration of voids between fiber tows. Incorporating the proposed model into a resin flow simulator, the volumetric content of micro-voids in the preform could be obtained during the simulation of resin impregnation.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

In comparison with ordinary or heavy-weight concrete, light-weight air void concrete has the good aspects in optimizing super tall structure systems for the process of design considering wind load and seismic load by lightening total dead load of buildings and reducing natural resources used. Light-weight air void concrete has excellent properties of heat and sound insulating due to its high amount porosity of air voids. So, it has been used as partition walls and the floor of Ondol which is the traditional Korean floor heating system. Under the condition of which the supply of light-weight aggregates are limited, the development of light-weight concrete using air voids is highly required in the aspects of reduced manufacturing prices and mass production. In this study, we investigated the physical properties and thermal behaviors of specimens that applied different mixing ratios of foaming agent to evaluate the possibility of use in the structural elements. We proposed the estimating equation for compressive strength of each mix having different ratio of foaming agent. We also confirmed that the density of cement matrix is decreased as the mixing amount of foaming agent increase up to 0.6% of foaming agent mixing ratio which was observed by SEM. Based on porosity and compressive strength of control mortar without foaming agent, we built the estimating equations of compressive strength for mortars with foaming agent. The upper limit of use in foaming agent is about 0.6% of the binder amount. Each air void is independent, and size of voids range from 50 to $100{\mu}m$.

• Composites Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

최근 대형 복합재료 구조물 성형에 적합한 공정으로 주목받는 vacuum assisted RTM (VARTM) 공정에 있어, 보강섬유의 조직 내부에 잔류하는 공기를 제거하여 기공함유율을 낮추는 기술의 중요성이 인식되고 있다. 거대기공 혹은 불완전 함침영역은 부적절한 주입구 및 공기배출구의 위치, 혹은 금형의 형상에 의해 발생한다. 미세기공은 불균일한 수지 유동선단의 속도로 인해 유동선단 부분에서 집중적으로 형성되며, 금형충전 공정 도중 수지와 함께 이동한다. 성형이 완료된 제품내의 잔류 기공들은 완성품의 물리적 성질을 저하 및 제품의 파손을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 VARTM 공정에서의 기공의 형성 및 이동을 해석할 수 있는 통합된 거시적/미시적 해석 방법을 개발하였다. 수치해석 프로그램을 개발하여 VARTM 공정에서의 3차원 수지 유동을 해석하였으며, 그에 따른 거대기공 및 미세기공의 분포를 예측하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.310-313
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• 2002

Structures obtained with a direct boning of two FZ silicon wafers joined in such a way that a smooth surface of one wafer was attached to the grooved surface of the other were studied. A square net of grooves was made with a conventional photo lithography process. After high temperature annealing the appearance of voids and the rearrangement of structural defects were observed with X-ray diffraction topography techniques. It was shown that the formation of void free grooved boundaries was feasible. In the cases when particulate contamination was prevented, the voids appeared in the grooved structures could be eliminated with annealing. Since it was found that the flattening was accompanied with plastic deformation, this deformation was suggested to be intensively involved in the process of void removal. A model was proposed explaining the interaction between the structural defects resulted in "a dissolution" of cavities. The described processes may occur in grooved as well as in smooth structures, but there are the former that allow to manage air traps and undesirable excess of dislocation density. Grooves can be paths for air leave. According to the established mechanisms, if not outdone, the dislocations form local defect arrangements at the grooves permitting the substantial reduction in defect density over the remainder of the interfacial area.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.741-750
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• 2004

경화 후 콘크리트 내부 공극은 간격계수로 특정지어질 수 있으며 이는 동결융해 저항성, 표면박리 저항성 그리고 투수성과 같은 콘크리트의 내구성에 매우 중요한 영향을 주게 된다. ASTM에 규정되어 있는 리니어트래버스방법과 수정포인트카운트 방법은 이러한 콘크리트의 공극 구조를 분석하기 위하여 사용되어져 왔다. 그러나, 이들 방법은 많은 시간과 노력을 필요로 하며 반복측정성 또한 신뢰성이 높지 못한 단점을 가지고 있다. 화상분석방법은 미세현미경, 디지털카메라 그리고 컴퓨터 프로그램을 이용하여 경화 후 콘크리트의 내부 공극 구조에 활용되어 질 수 있는 방법이다. 본 연구의 목적은 화상분석법의 개발과 기존의 ASTM방법에 의한 결과를 비교 분석하여 사용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 공기량과 공극분포, 공극 구조 및 간격계수와 연관성을 분석하였다. 실험적 변수는 공기연행제의 첨가률에 따른 공기량 변화와 시편 깊이에 따른 공극 구조를 비교 분석하였다. 실험결과 화상분석기법을 사용할 경우에도 간격계수의 산출이 가능하였으며 또한, 공기량, 공극 크기분포, 공극 구조 등을 분석할 수 있었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.925-928
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• 2001

Recently great efforts and investment have been made in order to achieve economical production by applying new methods like minimization of man-Power into construction field. This paper describe the performance of water purification, to which living organisms can adapt, and the physical properties of porous concrete with continuous voids. Although conventional concrete has been regarded as a destroyer of nature, water and air can pass freely through concrete when it is made porous by forming continuous voids. this not only enables plants to vegetables, but also makes it possible for microscopic animals and plants, including bacteria, to attach to and inhabit uneven surface as well as internal voids when the concrete is provided in a natural water area or waterside area. As a result, Porous concrete using recycled aggregate improved the performance of water purification.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.830-833
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• 2004

Hydraulic structures have been constructed with low cost concrete so as to increase the investment efficiency. But, it has caused to produce structures having excess internal voids inside concrete. As the construction of agricultural irrigation and drainage project is concentrated on off-farming season and scattered in wider area, variation of quality of structures is big and it caused increase of internal voids. Due to that reason, hazardous substance is passing rather freely through the voids causing occur of crack and accordingly life time of structures is getting shortened. It is necessary to make a thesis of design criteria for design strength to increase life time, range of variation of quality, strength of ready-mixed concrete proper to design strength, and water-cement ratio and air content.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2005

매우 큰 규모의 스폴링 파손이 집중적으로 발생한 강원도 영서지방 영동고속도로의 줄눈 콘크리트포장에 대하여 현장 및 실내 조사를 수행하였다. 현장에서 육안으로 스폴링 파손 상태를 조사하였으며, 코어를 채취하여 실내에서 할렬 인장강도, 공극률, 그리고 중성화에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 또한, 스폴링 파손에 의하여 포장의 구조적 성능이 저하되었는지를 알아보기 위하여 줄눈부에서의 하중전달률과 슬래브 중앙에서의 동적지지력을 측정하였다. 조사구간의 콘크리트 슬래브는 공극률이 상당히 낮아 동결융해 작용에 큰 영향을 받은 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서, 이로 인하여 겨울철 대기온도가 상대적으로 낮은 조사구간에서 상당히 큰 규모의 스폴링이 다수 발생한 것으로 결론지어졌다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.143-144
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• 2020

For modern people who spend 80% of the day indoors, indoor air quality is an important factor in their lives. Radon and fine dust, which are indoor air quality pollutants, cause various diseases and lung diseases, so a method is needed to reduce them. Therefore, this study intends to utilize the air pollutant adsorption properties of the carbonized sludge by using the carbonized sludge generated through drying and carbonization of the sludge. As a result of the experiment, it was shown that the concentration of radon and fine dust gradually decreased as the replacement ratio of carbonized sludge increased. The reason is that the carbonized sludge has the ability to adsorb fine dust and radon, so it is considered that it gradually decreases as the replacement ratio increases. Also, the compressive strength and flexural strength tend to decrease gradually. The reason for this is that the carbonized sludge has a number of internal voids, and as the replacement ratio increases, the internal voids increase and the strength decreases. If the refinement and strength of the carbonized sludge replacement ratio are supplemented, it is believed that it will be able to replace the existing finishing materials.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국도로학회 2003년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.125-128
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• 2003