• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.99-111
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• 2018

This study was conducted for the purpose of deriving implications by observing the changing patterns and characteristics of the farmland reduction area in urban vicinity with Gimhae city, Gyeongsangnam-do as the subject. In order to achieve this goal, we first examined the problems and possibilities of farmland reduction area in urban vicinity through a theoretical review. Additionally, the characteristics of land use and community were examined for Gimhae city, Gyeongsangnam-do. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, for 35 years from 1981 to 2015, Gimhae decreased $50.52km^2$ of farmland, which is about 17.4 times that of Yoido, and about 69.4% of the decreased farmland area. Second, the decrease in agricultural land has been expanding to the whole of Gimhae City from 1990 to 2010, and has been continuing since 2010 around dong-area. Third, in the farmland reduction area in urban vicinity, the number of settlements increases rapidly, but the aging population also increases. Fourth, the composition of the community is getting complicated with the change of the members. Taken together, it is necessary to manage the area efficiently because rapid change is present in the farmland reduction area in urban vicinity. Based on this, the implications are summarized as follows. First, there is a change in land use due to the reduction of farmland not designated as agricultural development region. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement the farmland-conversion standard. Second, despite the fact that land use management has been carried out, there have been problems such as uncontrolled development due to the development pressure beyond institutional management, and therefore it is necessary to improve the structural defects of the pertinent legal system. Fourth, while the traditional farming activities are decreasing with the decrease of agricultural land area, the increase in farms with secondary jobs and the urban-rural interchanges organization's efforts can lead to increased visits from outsiders that seek rural tourism and experiential learning.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2013

The typical natural landscapes and temporal- spatial regulation of Land use change and their ecological effects at Hailun County were conducted and analyzed, based on the translated data from remote sensing images in 1986, 1996 and 2000 using GIS and landscape ecological theory. The results indicated the area of arable land, paddy field and city land increased 7,786.39 $hm^2$, 3391.18 $hm^2$ and 120.84 $hm^2$ while the area of forestry, grassland and marsh decreased 3,184.88 $hm^2$, 1,625.8 $hm^2$ and 3,994.85 $hm^2$ respectively during 14 years. Dry land is a main landscape in this area. These changes made the environmental quality worse gradually, such as land degradation, soil erosion and water and soil losses, and temperature getting warmer. This study is very important for the local ecological environment protect and agricultural sustainability and land resources sustainable using.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2013

In recent years, several problems occur due to irrational development in rural areas. The first, disorderly development and Encroachment of farmland, Small factory built in rural areas leads to a lack of infrastructure. it is the damage factors of good scenery in the rural areas. Water pollution and environmental pollution from the accommodations and restaurants in the good scenery area is serious. To solve this problems, we should establish the systematic land use plan and landscape plan, and integrated spatial and business plan in rural areas. In order to increase the effectiveness of land use planning in rural projects, We should establish the land use plan in rural areas of the city, state, and national levels of regional plan. We need to prescribe in "National Land Use Planning Law" the facilities, can install it according to the characteristics of rural land programming. we can prescribe the detail regulations by "Rural Maintenance Law". In order to solve the problems the lack of professionalism of the current agricultural policies of the Review Committee, We need to consider a new "rural planning committee" consisting.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.773-783
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• 2008

In this paper, data collected from 22 different rural watersheds during stormflow conditions were analyzed. Those watersheds consisted of forest and cultivated land. EMC data analysis indicates that as agricultural land use increases, EMC values of TSS, COD and TN clearly tends to increase, but TP does not show a significant increase. Pattern of the pollutographs mostly has a similarity in hydrograph shape except nitrogen which inherently shows a variability and complication. The fraction of soluble reactive-P to TP increases as cultivated land use increases while mobile-nitrogen portion was higher in the runoff from forested watersheds than agricultural areas. During stormflow, pollutograph of the nitrogen was determined mainly by change in Particle-TKN as other pollutants but its effect is thought to be masked by decrease of dissolved form of nitrogen due to the dilution.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.558-576
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• 1996

Since 1978. China has progressed her reforms of her economy. In this process, refroms in rual area have been operated with top priority. The system of collective economy had been changed into that of private economy. Rural farming and land-use system had been changed also. The household responsibility system took the place of a People's Commune. That was the system that could inspire farm-household with a will to work, and hence, increase the productivity of agriculture. However, with the developement of market mechanism in the later 1980s, that system got inadequate to new situation. For instance, incentives of a will to work slowly decreased, agricultural productivity did not increase, and labor forces were tremendously transferred to non-agricultural sector. This situation created the demand for a new system of rural land policy and use. This paper intends to describe changes of new system of land use in rual China. Those changes are as follows. 1. The system of land-circulation has been spread widely. 2. 'Liangtianzhi' (the system of two kind land-use) divided the land into two kinds, 'kouliangtian' (the land of food) and 'zerentian' (the land of obligation). The one is allocated in proportion to the per capita, and to support farm-household' and function, the other is allocated in proportion to the labor force, in order to increase the commercial function of land. 4. 'Guimojingying' (management of scale): For overcomint the disadvantage of dispersal of land, the relative concentration of land was required. 4. 'Gufenzhi' (a joint-stock system) is practised for the purpose of establishing clear-cut lines of land ownership. 5. 'Sihuangpaimai' (auction the use right of four kinds of wasteland) is for full-using of the wasteland. It can be apprehended that these systems and policies were the process of adaption to market mechanism. In these, rural China could escape form the disorder due to rapid changes, and overcome the existing contradiction.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Epigeic arthropods participate in ecological functions as predators, decomposers and herbivores. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of some dominant arthropods in rice fields to different forms of agricultural land management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The abundance of microarthropods was compared between rice fields and uplands in the non-growing season. Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata were more abundant in the upland fields than in the paddy fields. The community composition and diversity of epigeic arthropods were compared between fallow and rice fields. The total abundance and species richness of spiders and ground beetles were not significantly different in the two types of agricultural fields. The abundance of Arctosa kwangreungensis was greater in fallow fields than in cultivated fields. The community structure of arthropods was compared between paddy fields with and without barley. The cropping system altered the community composition of spiders but not their biodiversity. Barley cultivation increased the abundance of ground beetles but decreased that of spiders. We suggest that this contrast was partly due to the availability of plants that provided shelter and food for ground beetles. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and cropping system alter the community composition of epigeic spiders and ground beetles. This could result in ecosystem-level alterations with respect to the control of pests and weeds. Our results also suggest that biodiversity of ground-dwelling arthropods may not increase during short fallow periods.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.2578-2592
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• 1972

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 2013

In this study, non-point source(NPS) contribution was investigated based on flow rates and water qualities of streams into the lake during rainfall events. Event mean concentration(EMC) and the pollution loads were calculated to establish a database for NPS control measurement in the survey area, and so on. The runoff characteristics of NPS were investigated and estimated on the basis of the ratio of an agricultural to forest area in the stream of sub-catch basin during rainfall events. Non-point source pollution loads were also calculated to establish a database for NPS control measure in the upstream lake Chinyang. At a rainfall event, BOD concentrations rise sharply at the early peak time of runoff, however, peaks of TSS concentration were observed at the similar time of peak flow. This was a phenomenon shown at the watersheds caused by forest and geological types. The discharged EMC range was 2.9-4.8 mg/L in terms of BOD. The discharged EMC range was 6.2-8.2 mg/L in terms of SS. The discharged EMCs of T-N and T-P were 1.4-2.5 mg/L and 0.059-0.233 mg/L, respectively. Total BOD loading rate through the 3 tributaries to the lake Chinyang was 1,136 kg/d during dry weather. The upper watershed area of the Nam-river dam in this study was divided into 14 catchment basins based on the Korean guideline for total maximum daily load(TMDL) of water quality pollutants. The higher the agricultural land-use ratio, the more NPS loading rate discharged, but the more occupied a forest area, the lower more NPS loading rate discharged. In an agricultural land-use area more than 20%, the increase of NPS loadings might be dramatically diffused by increasing the integrated complex-use like vinyl-house facilities and fertilizer use etc. according to the effective land-use utilization. The NPS loading rates were BOD 0.3 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, SS 0.21 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, TN 0.02 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, TP 0.005 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ under less than 10% agricultural land-use. In agricultural land-use of 20%-50%, these values were investigated in the range of 0.32 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.73 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for BOD, 0.92 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-3.32 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for SS, 0.70 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.90 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ TN, 0.03 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.044 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for TP.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.18-20
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• 2003

Land cover change detection is one of the most important trends in which remote sensing data could be used to assist strategists and the planners to decide the best land use policy. Two images of NOAA-AVHRR and SPOT vegetation acquired in November 1992 and 2002 were used to assess the changes of Agricultural lands in Egypt. A supervised classification together with two change images derived from classification result and NDVI were used to evaluate the trend and form of the change. It was found that agricultural areas increased by about 14.3 % during the study period in particular around the River Nile Delta and near the Northern Lakes of Egypt. The new cultivated lands were extracted mainly from the desert and from the salt marches areas. At the same time, parts of the agricultural lands were turned into non-cultivated land because of the urban expansion and soil degradation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.91-104
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• 2008

This study developed the WSM (weighted scenario method)-AHP method that can optimize the weighting value for multi-criteria to make GIS grid-based potential surface. The potential surface has been used to simulate urban expansion using distributed cellular automata model and to generate land-use planning as basic data. This study formulated the WSM-AHP method in mathematically and applied to test region, Suwon city, which located on south area from Seoul. WSM-AHP method generates potential map for each pair of weighting value for all criteria, which one criterion is weighted with high weighting value and the others use low weighting value, considering that the summation for all criteria weighting values should be "1". The potential change rate to the step of weighted scenario for weighting value of criteria is standardized like AHP intensity matrix in this study. From the standard potential change rate, WSM-AHP intensity matrix is completed, and then the optimal weighting value is calculated from the maximum eigenvector of the WSM-AHP matrix, according to the new WSM-AHP method developed in this study. The applied results of new method showed that the optimal weighting value from WSM-AHP is more resonable than the general AHP specialists' evaluation for weighting value. The another new finding of this study is to suggest the deterministic approach to optimize the weighting value for the distributed CA model, which is used to find new city area and to generate rational land-use planning.