• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 2008

A flow injection analysis method (FIA), which analyzes sample conditions after injecting a sample and reagents into a continuous stream, are recognized as the most adequate analyzing method according to the increase of sampling frequency, the decrease of measuring time and the diversity of measuring targets. Specially, the FIA is considered to be used effectively for the control of a fermentation process to produce fermentation food and useful microbial production by activation of a fermentation industry for development of biological materials. In this study, a flow injection analysis sensor unit was developed for on-line monitoring of the fermentation process. The performance was verified by on-line measuring the concentration of glucose of the fermentation process of wine. The glucose concentrations of the samples were measured every 12 hours during the whole fermentation process and compared with those by a HPLC. The concentration relative errors of glucose on the fermentation process of wine showed below 30% within 72 hours and over 50% after the 72 hours. The sensor unit had potential to on-line monitoring of the fermentation process but some problems to overcome for an commercial application.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2014

Under high agricultural automation in rice farming, cultivation acreage expansion can be considered for the economies of scale. Also, considering the circumstances of higher ratio in leased farms than independent farms, Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland can be the most public and transparent method to expand cultivation acreage for lease farming. Therefore, this research observes the various factors such as application motives, satisfaction, and demands of Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland, which the importance is on the rise and serves as a means to increase agricultural expansion, as well as its operational performance analysis. The research results and implications are as follows. Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland have positive effects such as ensuring stable farming through documental contract, providing convenience because the lease contractor requires no meetings during the contract period, providing opportunities to expand the farm size, and acquiring economical gain which is linked to satisfaction aspects of the businesses. On the other hand, demands such as strengthened business advertisement, writing business documents by correlating with related organizations, and clear lease price configuration were made by the businesses. To bring improvements, this research proposes; 1) expanding support to related businesses, 2) providing convenience through related organization correlations, and 3) configuring clear lease prices considering the regional conditions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2012

가뭄강도와 지속기간을 고려하여 관개구역을 몇 개의 관개블록으로 나누어 순차적으로 제한하여 급수함으로써 관개용수를 절약하고 관개기간을 연장하여 가뭄을 극복하는 윤환관개모형 (RISS)을 제안한 바 있다. 이 RISS는 작물생육기별 관개저수지 저수율별 급수구역과 제한 급수율을 제시함으로써 가뭄기간에 저수지 운영자가 언제, 얼마나 제한하여 급수할 것인지 제시해주는 모형으로 전북 남원군 동화댐의 물 관리시스템 자동화 프로그램에 2004년 설치하여 운용되도록 하였다. 이 연구에서는 2004년부터 2009년까지 동화 댐 저수위 관측기록과 급수실적을 분석하여 RISS의 절수효과를 평가하고자 하였다. 그러나 실제로는 동화댐의 물 관리시스템 자동화 프로그램이 계획대로 운용되지 않고 있었다. 따라서 이 RISS의 절수효과와 효용성을 입증하여 계획대로 자동화시스템을 유용하게 활용하도록 하기 위해서 급수실적 및 저수위 관측기록과 RISS로 모의 발생한 저수위 결과를 비교 평가하였다. 모의발생 평가결과 가뭄이 극심했던 2007년에는 3.8백만 $m^3$을 절수하여 관개기간을 23일 연장하고 2009년에는 3.3백만 $m^3$을 절수하여 관개기간을 13일 연장하여 가뭄이 극심한 해에는 RISS 모형의 효용성이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1199-1208
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• 2019

Korea's protected horticulture is rapidly increasing in scale due to various advantages such as year-round harvesting, labor savings through automation and shortened culture period, and greater income generation. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of protected horticulture on water quality. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data contributing to improvements towards sustainable agriculture and eco-friendly design of protected horticulture complex. The average T-N and T-P loads from vinyl greenhouses were 286.55± 143.98 mg/L and 59.14±13.77 mg/L, respectively and those from glass greenhouses 380.68 ± 150.41 mg/L and 61.85±20.72 mg/L. The annual discharge of wastewater derived from the monthly discharge from the horticulture greenhouses were estimated at 2597 ton/ha, with the annual phosphorus load amounting to 155.3 kg/ha. The average T-N and T-P loads in the tested greenhouse effluents were in excess of 8.3- and 13.5-fold the standards for the Korean wastewater plant effluent. The waste nutrient solution discharged from a protected horticulture complex can cause water contamination. Therefore, there is a need to conduct follow-up research using a water purification system or a trench method to develop a eco-friendly protected horticulture complex for sustainable agriculture.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1150-1169
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• 2023

Edible insects are gaining popularity as a potential future food source because of their high protein content and efficient use of space. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are noteworthy because they can be used as feed for various animals including reptiles, dogs, fish, chickens, and pigs. However, if the edible insect industry is to advance, we should use automation to reduce labor and increase production. Consequently, there is a growing demand for sensing technologies that can automate the evaluation of insect quality. This study used short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging to predict the proximate composition of dried BSFL, including moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content. The larvae were dried at various temperatures and times, and images were captured using an SWIR camera. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to predict the proximate content. The SWIR-based hyperspectral camera accurately predicted the proximate composition of BSFL from the best preprocessing model; moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content were predicted with high accuracy, with R² values of 0.89 or more, and root mean square error of prediction values were within 2%. Among preprocessing methods, mean normalization and max normalization methods were effective in proximate prediction models. Therefore, SWIR-based hyperspectral cameras can be used to create automated quality management systems for BSFL.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2024

Global population growth has resulted in an increased demand for food production. Simultaneously, aging rural communities have led to a decrease in the workforce, thereby increasing the demand for automation in agriculture. Drones are particularly useful for unmanned pest control fields. However, the current method of uniform spraying leads to environmental damage due to overuse of pesticides and drift by wind. To address this issue, it is necessary to enhance spraying performance through precise performance evaluation. Therefore, as a foundational study aimed at optimizing drone-based pest control technologies, this research evaluated water-sensitive paper (WSP) via density map estimation using convolutional neural networks (CNN) with a encoder-decoder structure. To achieve more accurate estimation, this study implemented multi-task learning, incorporating an additional classifier for image segmentation alongside the density map estimation classifier. The proposed model in this study resulted in a R-squared (R²) of 0.976 for coverage area in the evaluation data set, demonstrating satisfactory performance in evaluating WSP at various density levels. Further research is needed to improve the accuracy of spray result estimations and develop a real-time assessment technology in the field.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.907-914
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• 2017

Recently, industrialization and automation for crops has enabled the development of smart farm technology over the world This is due to the need for the automation and convenience of the agricultural system to aging the population and reducing the labor force. In this system, the smart app can control the temperature and humidity that can be conveniently managed by the farmers. It is possible to check the status of the greenhouses in real time in the smartphone and maintain the optimum temperature and humidity, thereby helping to prevent pests and diseases, to grow crops, and to improve the labor force and productivity of farmers and fishermen.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제30권5_6호
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• pp.699-717
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• 2012

In this paper, we deal with the robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost control problem involving uncertain neutral stochastic distributed delay systems. More precisely, the aim of this problem is to design a robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost controller such that the close-loop system is stochastic mean-square exponentially stable, and an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound is guaranteed, for a prescribed $H_{\infty}$ attenuation level ${\gamma}$. Therefore, the fast convergence can be fulfilled and the proposed controller is more appealing in engineering practice. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory, new delay-dependent sufficient criteria are proposed to guarantee the existence of a desired robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs). Furthermore, the design problem of the optimal robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which minimized an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound, is transformed into a convex optimization problem with LMIs constraints. Finally, two simulation examples illustrate the design procedure and verify the expected control performance.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 1996

An automatic drum seeder was developed to improve the seeding operation. It consisted of a conveyor to transfer seedling trays, a seed-hopper to supply seeds, a drum to drop seeds on the tray, and an air blower to remove extra seeds. A photo sensor was used to detect the transfer of seedling trays, and its signal was fed into microcomputer which operated a stepping motor driving the drum. The seeds were adhered to the surface of drum by vacuum pressure, and were dropped into tray cells by compressed air. An air connection unit was devised to alternate between vacuum pressure and compressed air. A control program for the system, written in C language, could operate the drum at the given number of revolutions and revolutions per minute. The results showed that the air connection unit could operate well and the seeds were dropped satisfactorily into tray cells. In case of cabbage and perilla seeds, which are regular and spherical shape, the missing rate was low and the single seeding rate was more than 97%. Low missing rate and high multiple seeding rate were observed in lettuce seeds which have narrow ends with tight weight. The missing rate of pepper seed was very high because of heavy weight and irregular shape. To improve the performance of the seeder, adjustment of vacuum pressure based upon shape and weight of the seeds, careful selection of the material of drum, maintenance of consistent air blower pressure, and replacement of stepping motor to DC motor are recommended.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.756-759
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• 2017

The productivity of cultivated crops in Korea is low compared to the Netherlands, which is an advanced agricultural country. In addition, modernization of facility and complex environmental control technology are needed to overcome poor growth and productivity deterioration caused by shortage of sunshine, abnormal temperature and high temperature due to abnormal climate. On the other hand, domestic facility horticulture complex environmental control is a level of machine automation that can check the internal situation of a green house with a cell phone and remotely operate a sprinkler, heat cover, curtain, ventilator, Therefore, this paper suggests the development of optimum environment control technology for facility horticulture based on the growth model and the cultivation technology knowledge base in order to realize the automation of optimal complex environment control and contribute to improvement of quality and productivity of cultivated crops.