• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제53권1호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Maxillofacial trauma predominantly affects young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Although radioprotection is a legal requirement, the significant potential of dose reduction in computed tomography (CT) is still underused in the clinical routine. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether maxillofacial fractures can be reliably detected and classified using ultra-low-dose CT. Materials and Methods: CT images of 123 clinical cases with maxillofacial fractures were classified by two readers using the AOCOIAC software and compared with the corresponding results from post-treatment images. In group 1, consisting of 97 patients with isolated facial trauma, pre-treatment CT images at different dose levels (volumetric computed tomography dose index: ultra-low dose, 2.6 mGy; low dose, <10 mGy; and regular dose, <20 mGy) were compared with post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In group 2, consisting of 31 patients with complex midface fractures, pre-treatment shock room CT images were compared with post-treatment CT at different dose levels or CBCT. All images were presented in random order and classified by 2 readers blinded to the clinical results. All cases with an unequal classification were re-evaluated. Results: In both groups, ultra-low-dose CT had no clinically relevant effect on fracture classification. Fourteen cases in group 2 showed minor differences in the classification code, which were no longer obvious after comparing the images directly to each other. Conclusion: Ultra-low-dose CT images allowed the correct diagnosis and classification of maxillofacial fractures. These results might lead to a substantial reconsideration of current reference dose levels.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.112-121
• /
• 2022

Calorie restriction (CR) and the activation of autophagy extend healthspan by delaying the onset of age-associated diseases in most living organisms. Because protein kinase CK2 (CK2) downregulation induces cellular senescence and nematode aging, we investigated CK2's role in CR and autophagy. This study indicated that CR upregulated CK2's expression, thereby causing SIRT1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. CK2α overexpression, including antisense inhibitors of miR-186, miR-216b, miR-337-3p, and miR-760, stimulated autophagy initiation and nucleation markers (increase in ATG5, ATG7, LC3BII, beclin-1, and Ulk1, and decrease in SQSTM1/p62). The SIRT1 deacetylase, AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMPK, and forkhead homeobox type O (FoxO) 3a were involved in CK2-mediated autophagy. The treatment with the AKT inhibitor triciribine, the AMPK activator AICAR, or the SIRT1 activator resveratrol rescued a reduction in the expression of lgg-1 (the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of LC3B), bec1 (the C. elegans ortholog of beclin-1), and unc-51 (the C. elegans ortholog of Ulk1), mediated by kin-10 (the C. elegans ortholog of CK2β) knockdown in nematodes. Thus, this study indicated that CK2 acted as a positive regulator in CR and autophagy, thereby suggesting that these four miRs' antisense inhibitors can be used as CR mimetics or autophagy inducers.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.14-15
• /
• 2020

The need for off-site construction has increased in the construction industry in Korea in recent years due to the enforcement of the 52-hour workweek, the increasing age of workers on construction sites, the deepening dependence on overseas workers, and the stagnation of productivity in the construction industry. Thus, studies on OSC started in April 2020. In addition, as a national policy study advocating the modular construction method, which is one of the OSC methods, was completed in the first half of 2019. 70 housing units in two complexes that satisfied the Housing Act requirements have been supplied to citizens. However, although modular construction methods have been recognized as a dramatic construction method that achieves shortened construction schedules and solves the issues of cost reduction and the shortage of technical workers on sites by combining the advantages of the manufacturing industry and applying the economies of scale, realistically it has issues due to the rising cost of steel and a low pre-fabrication ratio. Moreover, the construction time of core parts, such as those built by pouring concrete, has become a factor that hinders the shortening of construction times. Thus, this study aims to propose a precast concrete(PC) modular construction system, which fuses three-dimensional infill as an interior finish material and a three-surface PC module that can acts as a structure for a construction method that is economical and can shorten construction time.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.542-552
• /
• 2022

보육교사 직무의 중요성은 최근 대전환적 사회 환경 변화로 인해 크게 부각되고 있지만 수행 여건이 상당히 열악하여 다양한 직무요인 측면의 관리가 필요한 상황이다. 그에 본 연구는 보육교사와 관련된 실무적 활용과 제도적 지원을 위한 정보 제공을 목적으로 플로리시, 영유아권리존중보육, 자기주도직무설계를 선택하여 기능적 영향관계와 효용성을 검증하였다. 이들 변수를 활용하여 보육교사를 대상으로 이루어진 국내 연구가 부존하기 때문에 보육교사 223명을 대상으로 위계적회귀분석 등을 실시하여 시초적 정보를 취득하였다. 분석결과, 연령대에 따른 플로리시, 근무시간에 따른 부정적 직무요구 감소만 집단별 평균 차이가 확인되었고, 플로리시가 영유아권리존중보육에 선행하며 정적(+) 영향력을 미치는 것으로 파악되었다. 그리고 자기주도직무설계 중 사회적 직무자원 증진이 조절효과를 나타내는 것으로 판명되었다. 따라서 본 연구가 제공한 정보를 토대로 직무 관리 전략을 새롭게 마련하고 실효성 높은 요인별 강화 프로그램이 필요하다.

• 운동영양학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2019

[Purpose] Weight loss can reduce obesity-induced arterial stiffening that is attributed to decreased inflammation. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) is a pro-inflammatory adipokine that is upregulated in obesity and is important in the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary modification on circulating ANGPTL2 levels and arterial stiffness in overweight and obese men. [Methods] Twenty-two overweight and obese men (with mean age of 56 ± 2 years and body mass index of 28.6 ± 2.6 kg/m²) completed a 12-week dietary modification program. We measured the arterial compliance and β-stiffness index (as the indices of arterial stiffness) and serum ANGPTL2 levels before and after the program. [Results] After the 12-week dietary modification, body mass and daily energy intake were significantly reduced. Arterial compliance was significantly increased and β-stiffness index was significantly decreased after the 12-week dietary modification program. Serum ANGPTL2 levels were significantly decreased. Also, the changes in arterial compliance were negatively correlated with the changes in serum ANGPTL2 levels, whereas the changes in β-stiffness index were positively correlated with the changes in serum ANGPTL2 levels. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the decrease in circulating ANGPTL2 levels can be attributed to the dietary modification-induced reduction of arterial stiffness in overweight and obese men.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2023

Purpose : This retrospective study aims to provide basic data for intervention to improve clinical outcomes and identify the characteristics of the rebound hyperthermia (RHG) and non-rebound hyperthermia (NRHG) groups by checking body temperature in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome. Method : The study involved 118 patients who completed target temperature management (TTM) in an acute-care unit. Data were analyzed for frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, median, and quartiles, and compared using the chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results : Rebound hyperthermia (RH) was observed in 74 (62.7%) patients, predominantly male (69.5%), with an average age of 64.54 ± 15.98, and a body mass index of 23.22 ± 4.75kg/m² (overweight). Hypertension (50%) was the most common co-morbidity, followed by diabetes and heart disease (33.1%). Neuron-specific enolase levels were higher in the NRHG 24, 48, and 72 hours after recovery of spontaneous circulation (p = .037, p < .001, p = .008). The APHCHE IV was also higher in the NRHG (p < .001). RH occurred 25.49 (7.28-52.96) hours after TTM completion, lasting for 2 (1-3) hours. Temperature reduction strategies included notifying doctors, administering antipyretics, and nursing intervention, with the latter being the most common at 94.6%. Half of the subjects in the RHG and 77.3% in the NRHG fell into cerebral performance categories 3, 4, and 5 (p = .003). Conclusion : RH is more likely a body mechanism related to CPR and TTM than a result of pathogenic infection. Therefore, we require an active intervention for hyperthermia, and a patient-specific nursing intervention protocol.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.179-185
• /
• 2024

DECT의 다양한 에너지 스펙트럼 영상 구현기능을 적용하여 조영제와 석회화의 정량적 구분 가능성을 알아보기 위해 CNR과 SNR을 비교하여 화질의 변화를 분석하고, 기존 방법인 2회 스캔 적용 시와 실험에서 적용한 VNC 영상 구현 1회 스캔 시 선량 감소수준을 알아보았다. 그 결과 70 keV 영역에서 조영제와 석회화가 가장 잘 구분되었고, CNR, SNR도 우수하였으며 스캔 선량은 약 26.5% 감소효과가 있었다. 따라서 DECT 적용은 에너지별 가상 분광 영상 구현으로 석회화의 명암을 형성하여 시각적 그리고 정량적 구분에 매우 유의미한 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. 향후 환자의 나이, 성별 및 체형 등을 고려한 임상 연구를 시행하여 결과를 도출한다면 혈관 내 조영제가 유입된 상태에서도 석회화 정량 분석이 가능하여 환자의 검사 선량과 다 회 검사에 대한 부담감 감소에 큰 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.239-256
• /
• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Over the past 10 yrs, the prevalence of diabetes in Korea has continued to incline, and the importance of lifestyle modification to manage diabetes has been highlighted. For patients with diabetes, carbohydrate intake reduction is effective in improving glycemic control; thus, we aimed to analyze the effect of carbohydrate intake ratio and suggest an appropriate carbohydrate intake ratio. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021), we analyzed the data including participants aged 30 yrs or older with diabetes, and they were stratified into good and poor glycemic control groups. To analyze the correlation between the dietary behavior characteristics of participants with diabetes and the carbohydrate intake ratio, sociodemographic characteristics, dietary behavior, and health behavior were adjusted, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to present the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: In the unadjusted crude model, when carbohydrate intake ratio in total energy intake increased by 1%, the likelihood of poor glycemic control increased by 1.007-fold (95% CI, 0.998-1.016; P = 0.121). In model 1, which uses age and sex as adjustment variables, an increase of up to 1.011-fold was possible (95% CI, 1.001-1.021; P = 0.008). In model 2, which added variables such as diabetes duration, frequency of fruit consumption, frequency of lunch and, frequency of dinner, the risk of poor glycemic control increased by 1.010-fold as the carbohydrate intake ratio increased (95% CI, 0.998-1.022; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that as the ratio of carbohydrate intake to total energy intake increases the likelihood of poor glycemic control also increases in patients with diabetes. Therefore, to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes, controlling the carbohydrate intake may be helpful.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.199-209
• /
• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare therapeutic efficacy and technical outcomes between adjustable electrode (AE) and conventional fixed electrode (FE) for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of benign thyroid nodules. Materials and Methods: Between 2013 and 2021, RFA was performed on histologically proven benign thyroid nodules. For the AE method, AE length ≥ 1 cm with higher power and < 1 cm with lower power were utilized for ablating feeding vessels and nodules, especially those near anatomical structures, respectively. The therapeutic efficacy (volume reduction rate [VRR], complication rate, and regrowth rate) and technical outcomes (total energy delivery, ablated volume/energy, RFA time, and ablated volume/time) of FE and AE were compared. Continuous parameters were compared using a two-sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and categorical parameters were compared using a chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 182 nodules (FE: 92 vs. AE: 90) in 173 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 47.0 ± 14.7 years; female, 90.8% [157/173]; median follow-up, 726 days [interquartile range, 441-1075 days]) were analyzed. The therapeutic efficacy was comparable, whereas technical outcomes were more favorable for AE. Both electrodes demonstrated comparable overall median VRR (FE: 92.4% vs. AE: 84.9%, P = 0.240) without immediate major complications. Overall regrowth rates were comparable between the two groups (FE: 2.2% [2/90] vs. AE: 1.1% [1/90], P > 0.99). AE demonstrated a shorter median RFA time (FE: 811 vs. AE: 627 seconds, P = 0.009). Both delivered comparable median energy (FE: 42.8 vs. AE: 29.2 kJ, P = 0.069), but AE demonstrated higher median ablated volume/energy and median ablated volume/time (FE: 0.2 vs. AE: 0.3 cc/kJ, P < 0.001; and FE: 0.7 vs. AE: 1.0 cc/min, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Therapeutic efficacy between FE and AE was comparable. AE demonstrated better technical outcomes than FE in terms of RFA time, ablated volume/energy, and ablated volume/time.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2024

2015년 파리 기후 협약을 시작으로 나라별로 국가 온실가스 감축 목표를 제시하고 실행하기로 합의하였다. 이에 따라 대한민국 정부는 건물 부문에서 온실가스 배출량 32.8% 감축을 목표로 설정하였다. 이를 위해 국토교통부는 2020년부터 공공건축물 그린리모델링 사업을 통해 노후 건축물의 에너지효율 강화를 추진하고 있다. 노후 건축물의 에너지 절감을 위한 그린리모델링 공사에는 패시브 및 액티브 요소의 필수공사와 선택공사가 있다. 그러나 현재는 패시브와 액티브 시스템의 통합설계가 부족하며 건축물의 노후도에 따른 적용 요소들의 우선순위에 대한 기준이 없는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 노후 건축물 중 많은 사람들의 이용이 가능하며 에너지 사용량이 높을 것으로 예상되는 중부 2지역에 위치한 공공도서관 6개소를 선정하였다. 공공도서관은 준공년도에 따라 Model 1~3으로 구분하였으며 각각 1980년대, 1990년대, 2000년대 준공된 건물이다. Model 1~3의 ECO2-OD를 통한 시뮬레이션 분석으로 1차 에너지소요량 절감률에 따른 상위 3개의 우선순위를 도출했다.