• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.266-272
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to investigate the therapeutic effect of closed reduction according to a classification in patients with nasal bone fracture. Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively on 186 patients with a mean age of 38 years (range: 7 to 80 years). All patients were diagnosed by clinical and radiologic examination, and then classified according to Hwang's classification by computed tomography. The patients were further classified by their age, gender, causes of fracture, operation timing after fracture, concurrent facial bone fracture, and complications. All patients underwent the same reduction and treatment protocol and were then followed up regularly for at least three months. Results: The cause of the fracture was slip down, and the highest prevalence was shown in the 20s. The mean operation timing after fracture was 4.1 days (range: 1 to 14 days), and it tended to be longer in the case of defected septal bone or more severe fracture. The most common concurrent facial bone fracture was orbital blow-out fracture, and zygomaticomaxillary complex and maxillary fracture occured frequently. The largest number of complications occurred in class III and IIBs patients, and the main complication was postoperative pain. Conclusion: Results of nasal bone closed reduction on the 186 patients showed that serious complications rarely occurred. Closed reduction is generally an effective treatment for nasal bone fracture. However, in the case of severe concurrent septal bone fracture or comminuted fracture with depression, open reduction should be considered. Further study with a larger number of patients and further classification is required.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.609-621
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• 2020

This study identified the impacts of organizational commitment on medical service reduction rates by lifestyles of medical institution workers with a medium of environmental factors in a medical institution, and it conducted a survey targeting 300 medical institution workers in Jeolla-do, South Korea. The results are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in an organizational commitment by sociodemographic characteristics based on age, academic career, gender, marital status, occupational description, monthly earnings, the years of employment, and the type of hospital. Second, there was a significant difference in environmental factors by sociodemographic characteristics based on marital status, the years of employment, and the type of hospital. Third, there was a significant difference in the inpatient reduction rate based on the occupational description, years of employment, and the type of hospital. In the outpatient reduction rate, a significant difference was shown based on age, marital status, occupational description, the years of employment, and the type of hospital. Fourth, when analyzing the relationship between organizational commitment, environmental factors, and the reduction rate, there was a significant positive correlation between inpatient reduction rate and outpatient reduction rate. Fifth, when analyzing the impacts on the inpatient reduction rate by deploying organizational commitment and environmental factors at the same time, it was shown that the environmental factors mediated partially in organizational commitment and inpatient reduction rate. In the case of outpatient reduction rate, it was shown that the environmental factors mediated completely in organizational commitment and outpatient reduction rate. The present study is aimed to contribute to providing the baseline data for an efficient operational plan and effective workforce management of medical institutions.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2016

Objectives To analyze the resorption of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc on MRI in patients who were treated with Korean Medicine. Methods 78 patients with lumbar disc herniation were included, 47 males and 32 females. Patients' diagnosis was based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All of the patients were only treated with Korean Medicine for 6 months treatment, and underwent MRI examination twice, pre-treatment and post-treatment. MR images were assessed by reduction in diameter of T2-weighted image between pre-treatment and post-treatment, and analyzed by differences in sex, age and disc type. Results 91.2% (71 people) of total patients had extrusion type. Korean medicine treatment reduced lumbar disc herniation diameter of all the patients from 7.11 mm to 3.67 mm on average (p<0.001). The reduction of diameter in the male group was 3.52 mm on average. The reduction of diameter in the female group was 3.32 mm on average. The reduction of diameter was 3.28 mm in the group below age 29, 3.88 mm in the 30~39 age group, 3.39 mm in the 40~49 age group, and 2.71 mm in the above 50 age group on average. Conclusions The MRI results suggest that lumbar herniated disc can resorb with Korean Medicine treatment. The likelihood of lumbar disc resorption was higher at extrusion type. but there was not a significant difference between the sexes and between ages.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.111-127
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• 2011

The study aims to analyse whether Korea and Taiwan have reduced the elderly poverty effectively through income transfer system in a comparative perspective. It covers 12 Western welfare states and 2 East Asian welfare states(korea and Taiwan). Utilising Luxembourg Income Study(LIS) datasets, empirical analyses focus on old-age income mix and poverty reduction effects of income transfer. Major findings are as follows. Frist, whilst public transfer income takes a major part in old-age income mix in Western welfare states, Korea and Taiwan reveal genuine mixed states - i.e., the relative proportion of private transfers and market income are high. Secondly, public transfers have effectively reduced the old-age poverty in Western welfare state. However, thirdly, those effects are still limited in Korea and Taiwan. Rather, the poverty reduction effects of private transfers are relatively high. Based on the empirical findings, the study suggests future research agendas and policy implications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.39-48
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• 2023

In this study, we investigate the effects of slots installed on the tip of a rotor blade on aerodynamic characteristics. The slots weaken the strength and spatial coherence of the tip vortex at early vortex age and accelerate the dissipation of the generated tip vortex. Accordingly, the turbulence intensity of the rotor wake is reduced at both near and far wake, which leads to a reduction in broadband noise. Tonal noise is also reduced by mitigation of tip vortices, but tonal noise reduction is limited to a narrower range of azimuths than broadband noise due to the extinction of tip vortices. In addition, slots reduce both mean thrust and thrust fluctuations. Reduction in thrust fluctuations leads to a reduction in blade loading noise, resulting in a reduction in tonal noise.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.37-45
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The coexistence of age-related skeletal muscle mass loss and obesity poses a substantial health risk for individuals because it combines the detrimental effects of muscle mass reduction associated with aging and the health complications from obesity. This study aimed to identify the incidence rate and key influencing elements among Korean men in their thirties. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 934 male participants was performed using complex sampling analysis. Various influencing elements were investigated, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking behaviors, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS: The incidence rate was 2.90%. The key influencing elements were age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle index, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study identified the incidence rate and key influencing element for CALSMO among Korean younger community-dwelling men.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.101-105
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to reduce autogenous shrinkage of high-strength concrete. Previous studies were investigated to measure the effects of reductions to autogenous shrinkage when applying bean oil to concrete. The results of the study showed that as the mixture rate of BO increased, fluidity decreased and air quantity decreased slightly. In early age, compressed strength increased compared to Plain while decreased in long-term age. As an autogenous shrinkage characteristic, reduction effect increased according to increase in mixture rate. When mixture rate is 1%, approximately 30% decreased compared to Plain in BO. At 2%, BO decreased by about 32%. In addition, in the case of BO, autogenous shrinkage was shown to decrease compared to expansive additive and shrinkage-reducing agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.87-99
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examines the therapeutic effect of functional adjustment procedure therapy (FAPT), by comparatively analyzing behavioral disorders due to shoulder pain and subjective pain intensity subsequent to therapy, in patients with shoulder pain. METHODS: The intervention was performed on 48 employee patients with shoulder pain, Patients were administered 16 sessions of FAPT for 8 weeks, twice a week for 30 minutes per session. This study applied the neck pain and disability scale (NPDS) as a measurement tool, and used the questionnaire to measure subjective pain intensity to investigate the difference before and after administering FAPT to employee patients with shoulder pain. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was obtained between the mean difference in shoulder pain disorder, before and after FAPT. Assessing gender and age differences in the reduction effect of shoulder pain, showed significant difference in 8 of the 10 factors examined. Finally, examining the difference in the effect of reducing subjective shoulder pain by gender and age, we observed that gender-based disability reduction was significant for all 12 factors examined. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results of this study, validate the therapeutic efficacy of FAPT for patients with shoulder pain. We believe that this data will provide basic information to understand the health conditions and psychological variables of patients with shoulder pain.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.322-328
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• 2014

In this study, revelation performance of concrete at early age according to types of cement, water reducing ratio of high performance superplasticizer and mixing of accelerator for early hydration was examined aiming for reduction of construction period of framework through securing strength at early age of concrete. It was observed that strength at early age, 5MPa in 12hours, 14MPa in 18hours, is secured by early strength improvement type cement and using promotion admixture for early hydration which are Sodium persulfate, Potassium hydroxide. Therefore cost reduction is expected to be possible in construction site by reducing construction period of frame work.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.289-309
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• 2015

Vertical profiles of mean and fluctuating wind velocities over water waves were studied, by performing Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) on a fully developed turbulent boundary layer over simplified water waves. The water waves were simplified to two-dimensional, periodic and non-evolving. Different wave steepness defined by $a/{\lambda}$ (a : wave amplitude; ${\lambda}$ : wavelength) and wave age defined by $c/U_b$ (c: phase velocity of the wave; $U_b$ : bulk velocity of the air) were considered, in order to elaborate the characteristics of mean and fluctuating wind profiles. Results shows that, compared to a static wave, a moving wave plays a lesser aerodynamic role as roughness as it moves downstream slower or a little faster than air, and plays more aerodynamic roles when it moves downstream much faster than air or moves in the opposite direction to air. The changes of gradient height, power law index, roughness length and friction velocity with wave age and wave amplitude are presented, which shed light on the wind characteristics over real sea surfaces for wind engineering applications.