• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of Teacher Participation-oriented Education Program (TPEP) for Elementary School Teachers to Improve Class Expertise in Science Classes with a focus on visual attention. The participants were two elementary school teachers in Seoul and taught science subjects. The lesson topic applied to this study were 'Structure and Function of Our Body' in the second semester of fifth grade and 'Volcano and Earthquake' in the second semester of fourth grade. The mobile eye tracker SMI's ETG 2w, which is a binocular tracking system was used in this study. In this study, the actual practice time, participant's visual attention, visual intake time average, and visual intake time average were analyzed by class phase. The results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the actual class execution time, the actual class execution time was almost in line with the lesson plan after the TPEP application. Second, visual attention in the areas related to teaching and learning activities was high after applying TPEP. Factors affecting the progress of the class and cognitive burdens were identified quantitatively and objectively through visual attention. Third, as a result of analyzing the visual intake time average of participants, there was a statistically significant difference in all classes. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the visual intake time average of participants, the results were statistically significant in the introduction(video), activity 1, activity 2, and activity 3 stages in the lecture type class. The Teacher Participation-oriented Education Program (TPEP) for Elementary School Teachers to Improve Class Expertise in Science Classes can extend elementary science class expertise such as self-class analysis, eye tracking, linguistic, gesture, and class design beyond traditional class analysis and consulting.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.420-436
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analysis the elementary teachers' and students' views about the difficulties in teaching and learning in geology units of elementary school science. For the purpose of this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with seventeen elementary teachers who have serviced more than three years, and with sixteen elementary students located in Cheongju City. The interview questions were developed through Seidman's step to acquire a reliability in the interview data with triangulation, then in-depth interview questions were modified and completed through pre-interview after constructing the trustworthiness of interviewees. In-depth interviews were performed in applying the analytic induction method and the interviews were recorded. From the interviews, we found that elementary teachers' views about the difficulties in teaching geology units; teachers' inner difficulties, the difficulty of lab activities, the problems of rock samples, the problems of curriculum in geology units, the difficulty of the geological feature, the problems of the cramming education, the lack of the opportunity for the speciality, and so on. And the students have the views about the difficulties in learning geology units; the difficulty of the unit contents understanding, the problems of learning by heart, the lack of the interest, the lack of materials, the problems of rock samples, the difficulty of the field learning, and so on. Based on the results, the study suggested that an interesting lab activities should be included in the geology units and taught in the geological field trip to help elementary school students more fully comprehend contents of the geology units.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2005

For this study we conducted a survey far elementary students from 3rd to 6th grade. We performed a frequence test using statistic program and the cross-tabs between gender and grade. We then conducted a thorough interview with the students, after constructing several meaningful questions reflecting the results of survey. As a result of this study, it was critical to arrange interesting inquiry activities in order to foster student's preference for science and attract them to get involved in the science class. We found that teachers were needed to be more flexible to make a group during the classes and teachers would succeed to reflect student's characteristics. In addition, it is necessary for the teachers to refrain from excessive advising or immoderate interrupting student's experiment activity. We conclude that only when the improvements in the curriculum for science education should be made, teachers would allow students to recognize its significances by themselves, and let them follow the inquiring process during the laboratory class for themselves.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 초등과학 수업 연구를 위해 학교 안 전문적 학습공동체에 참여한 교사들의 초등과학 수업 전문성의 변화를 탐색하고자 하였다. 충북의 한 중소도시에 있는 18학급의 S초등학교에서 2020년 4, 5, 6학년을 맡은 여섯 명의 초등교사들이 학교 내 전문적 학습공동체에 참여하여 초등과학 수업에 대한 협력적 수업 연구를 7개월 동안 26회에 걸쳐 수행하였다. 전문적 학습공동체가 운영되는 동안 활동 영상 및 녹음 자료, 연구수업 녹화 영상, 수업 과정 자료, 전문적 학습공동체 성찰 활동 자료 등이 분석을 위해 수집되었다. 수집된 데이터는 자료 처리, 읽기와 메모, 기술, 분류, 해석 그리고 보고 및 시각화 등 질적 연구 방법을 활용하여 분석되었으며, 수업 전문성 준거 틀에 기반하여 수업 전문성 요소가 추출되었다. 그 결과 학교 안 전문적 학습공동체 활동의 초기 단계에서 참여 교사들은 먼저 수업에 대한 관점과 과학 수업에 대한 경험 및 목표에 대해 소통하였고, 소통을 통해 연구질문을 선정하게 되었음을 알 수 있었다. 교사들은 학년별로 공동의 연구수업을 설계하여 수업을 실행하였으며, 이를 동료교사들에게 개방하였다. 이후 수업에 대한 성찰이 진행되었으며, 교사들은 성찰이 거듭될수록 연구질문에 기반한 질적 성찰 능력이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 이를 통해 전문적 학습공동체에의 참여를 통한 협력적 수업연구 경험은 참여 교사들의 공동체적 학습과 이에 기반한 수업 전문성 신장에 긍정적으로 기여함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 전문적 학습공동체를 통한 초등교사의 과학 수업 전문성과 관련된 시사점을 제언하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.242-254
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to understand the teaching effects according to the cognitive levels after conducting inquiry activities using science notebooks in the open inquiry activities of the elementary science class. The results of this study were as follow. first, students having the open inquiry activities using science notebooks showed improvement in scientific inquiry abilities in both groups with the low and high cognitive level. Second, regarding the changes of scientific attitudes, both groups with the low and high cognitive level exhibited improvement. According to the result of analyzing interaction between the cognitive level and class treatment on the effects for scientific inquiry abilities and scientific attitudes, there was no difference by the cognitive level. And the use of science notebooks in open inquiry activities had effects on improving scientific inquiry abilities and scientific attitudes regardless of the cognitive level.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.507-518
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of verbal analogy activities on science achievement and science attitude of elementary students. Students consolidated lessons by making short sentences with core words that a teacher gave for scaffolding instruction. Many researches about analogies have been conducted in science education. However, most of them considered analogy as learning tools, whereas this research considers analogy as a cognitive process. To see the effects of verbal analogy activities, two groups were selected from 6th grade elementary school students; one was an experimental group working with the student-generated verbal analogy and the other was a control group with teacher-centered and textbook-centered activities. Science achievement, scientific attitudes, attitudes toward science and retention were tested after the treated lessons.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.352-363
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop a proper teaching strategy to raise students' interests and creative problem-solving ability in science. And the result of applying this developed teaching strategy to elementary science lesson were compared with that of traditional science lesson. For comparison, two classes of $5^{th}$ grade in S elementary school in B city were selected. After pre-test, one class, experimental group, took a science lesson applying developed teaching strategy and other class, comparative group, took a traditional science lesson. After respective lesson, two classes did post test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, IAAI(Interest-Activities-Attainment-Initiation) teaching strategy was developed. IAAI teaching strategy was composed of 4 stages which were (1)interest in science, (2)science experiment activities, (3)attainment to science knowledge, (4)initiation of creative thinking and 4 stages were progressed in serial order in science lesson. Second, after lessons, the experimental group achieved higher mark in the test of science academic achievement than the comparative group and it was statistically meaningful difference. Third, after lessons, the experimental group was more improved in science-related attitudes than the comparative group and it was statistically meaningful difference. Fourth, after the lesson, the experimental group was more improved than the comparative group in the creativity test and the difference was statistically meaningful.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the way applying a school garden for the creative experience activity on the school learning program. For this study, the 27s elementary students who were the 5th and 6th grades participated in this program. And the 10units lessons programs what were consisted with the inquiry, debating, and cooperating activities were developed, and applying to classroom and school garden. The key concepts of developing program were 'rocks which were in the school garden'. he results are follows, for the creative experience activity on the school teaching/learning program, the school garden has useful value as teaching/learning field. The teaching/learning activity applying the school garden makes an offer the awareness to students that the knowledges learned in school were actually relative with their life. Also, the students are affirmatively participate to learning, debate, and cooperate activities because the school garden is very familiar environment to them. Lastly, the students are interesting in learning classes because they think that the school garden environments will reform actually to new shape of their ideas. After this learning were finishing, most of students indicated their intention with satisfaction. Some of them suggested applying the additional program using the school garden. Consequently, the school garden has the very useful value for applying program of the teaching/learning in elementary school education.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.341-358
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop performance assessment materials of scientific inquiry skills on sixty scientific activities in elementary science textbook for fifth and sixth grades. For this study, a total of 500 elementary teachers were sampled and surveys were carried out to examine the status of performance assessment of scientific inquiry skills in school. The classification system of assessment methods by Hart(1994) was also analyzed to create' assessment strategy of scientific inquiry skills' for elementary school students. Based on the quantitative data analysis and literature study, performance assessment materials were developed and applied to science classes for fifth and sixth grades. Teachers and students were interviewed after the classes for asking about merits and improvements and the performance assessment materials were revised. This study can provide elementary school teachers with reliable sources for performance assessment of scientific inquiry skills utilized in their science classes.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.40-56
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to understand the teaching effects after conducting ASI module in the open inquiry activities of the elementary science class. in order to understand the effects of ASI(Authentic Scientific Inquiry) module application using science research notes in open inquiry activities to students' science research ability. The results of this study were as follow. First, the after test results were covariance-analyzed to be the effects to science process skills were statistically significant in 0.5 significance level. Second, in the covariance analysis of the after test of the study group and the comparative group, the effects to scientific creative problem solving skills were statistically significant in 0.5 significance level. Third, the covariance analysis of the after test in the effects of ASI module application using science notebooks to students' scientific attitude revealed that the two groups' average difference was statistically significant in 0.5 significance level. In conclusion, application of the ASI module using science notebooks had a positive effect on improvements of students' science process skills, science creative problem solving ability and scientific attitude. Therefore, the ASI module using science notebooks is hopefully to be provided as an effective instructive strategy in the open inquiry activities courses in school in the future.