• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2020

Background Pectus excavatum is less common in females than in males, and it often aggravates a coexistent breast asymmetry. We conducted a study comparing female patients' versus medical professionals' evaluation of pectus excavatum repair to assess differences in aesthetic outcome ratings. Moreover, we evaluated the influence of surgical correction on patients' self-perception. Methods Of 30 female patients who were initially screened, 18 patients (mean age, 20 years) who underwent bar removal after surgical correction of pectus excavatum deformity participated in the survey (60%). They completed a questionnaire rating their appearance before and after surgery and responded to a psychological questionnaire about the changes that they had experienced. The mean interval between pectus bar removal and evaluation was 28 months. Standardized preoperative and postoperative patient photographs were evaluated using the same questionnaire by a panel of medical professionals and students (n=24) and the results were compared. Results Patients rated their preoperative deformity as more severe than the other evaluators, revealing the significant impact of the deformity on patients' self-perception. Postoperatively, patient and professional evaluations were much better than before and were very similar. The psychological evaluation showed a clear improvement in well-being. The ratings of the medical professionals were not influenced by their degree of medical education. Conclusions Surgical correction of pectus excavatum in female patients positively influences body perception and psychological well-being. It should therefore not be considered as a merely aesthetic correction, but as an important procedure to restore a patient's self-perception.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.63-72
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• 2006

The design in modern industrial society is the core of corporate administrational strategy and a factor that determines the competitiveness of a country. And the process of purchasing products is the matter related to the awareness of design which expresses the desire to own the design product that consumers prefer, implying that the aesthetic feature of product has become a critical characteristics of product design rather than the technical function of product. In this regard, the development of product design with a new dimension is urgently called for, by analyzing and shedding light on the aesthetic features of factors related to the preference of consumers. This study considers the preceding studies on the aesthetic factors and the reaction of customers to the product design to figure out the importance of factors related to the preference of customers, in an effort to shed light on the aesthetic factors that affect the customers' preference of product and the evaluation of product. In addition to that, this study investigated the preference that Korean and Chinese customers display toward the product and assessed the aesthetic features of preferred product in order to come to the conclusion from the experiment and analysis on how much effect the aesthetic factors and the aesthetic factors by product have on the preference of customers. Therefore, this study tries to propose the data that can be useful for the design of product targeted for consumers in Korea and China, by shedding light on what aesthetic factors that products preferred by consumers in Korea and China have and how much effect such factors have on the preference of consumers in an attempt to provide the guideline on the aesthetic factors of the product design.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.367-389
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• 2011

The aesthetic attitude, in general or in particular, represented in matters of taste through aesthetic ideas and value judgments postulates a certain literary logic. And this literary logic reveals itself a sense of morality, philosophy, or moral aesthetic consciousness through the moments of act and thought demonstrated in the characters invented in literary works. Henry James, among many others, offers a very special cultural paradigm for transnational argument because of his diverse ways of shaping transatlantic relations in terms of aesthetic consciousness. And this international paradigm produced varied expressions referring to Henry James as "an American expatriate," "an Anglicized American artist," "a Europeanized aesthete," "a cosmopolitan intelligence," "a bohemian cosmopolitan" to designate his literary career and its characteristics shaped in Europe. Such expressions resonate with Transatlantic Sketches, James's first collection on travel and cultures in 1875 which heralded his long "expatriation" in terms of self-distantiation. James's temperament of mind, far from being always identified with shared values within an ideological framework, never avoided friction with fixed ideas but rather absorbed it fully for another friction which intervenes in his house of fiction. My question arises here regarding his cultural belonging or dislocation: where is the place of his mind or what could be his ultimate destination? In this essay, I'd like to define a place or rather the place of James's literary mind by proving a certain "sympathetic justice" for his literary logic. For this purpose, I'll try to examine: how James used transatlantic perspective, a spatio-temporal assessment to formulate his moral aesthetic consciousness; and how the aesthetic framework functions in assessing his literary logic of aesthetic consciousness. To start with the first argument, I'll analyze some essential aspects of aesthetic attitude of his characters to postulate a persona capable of theorizing James's aestheticism conditioned by the transatlantic context. And for the second argument, I'll examine how the persona functions in formulating a proper cultural stance of James's aesthetic consciousness in transatlantic perspective to illuminate the way of how Jamesian individuality reflects the American mind. This process of theorizing a place of James's own will lead, I hope, to our discovering James's ultimate destination on the assumption that it'll prove or create a certain "sympathetic justice" for his humanist aestheticism, a Jamesian absolute morality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.46-57
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• 2018

Fashion is a cultural element expressing general and common aesthetic awareness in a relevant region in the relevant times. On the aspect that shoes are also a part of fashion reflecting the unique aesthetic awareness of Korea, this paper aims to analyze the aesthetic awareness contained in the aesthetic features observed in the traditional boots. The aesthetic features in terms of the form were the balanced usage of each element including curves, straight lines, simple shapes, contrast colors and materials, and the application and ideological significance as the symbol of social position and status in terms of the contents. Aesthetic awareness pursues the beauty of moderation through the compromise between curves and straight lines, as both elements accept each other's features and keep balance without inclination to one element. Next, solid and void are naturally expressed by appropriately adjusting the expression on colors, materials and shapes through the harmony of composure and techniques. While traditional boots were used as the sign indicating social position and status as the unity of spirit and a thing, they pursue the value of rhythmic vitality by giving spiritual meaning to a thing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.151-164
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• 2004

This Studies on 20th century fashion was carried out according to the classification of the times as made up Belle Epoque, New Look, Big Look, and Body-Consciousness. Aside from research in literatures, research into 20th fashion also include the analysis of photo had been taken from various collection. The enlargement beauty of costume had been place under the aesthetic category and, by interpreting the analogies of presented in aesthetic consciousness. the true nature of the voluminous enlargement in costume had been traced. To conclude, this study finds there are between the aesthetic characteristic differences in the aesthetic consciousness of the costumes in history and the present-day fashion. The aesthetic consciousness of the voluminous enlargement of the present-day was found to have the following characteristic ; (1) History-oriented tradition (2) Metaphorica autonomous (3) Freedom of breaking with restriction (4) Dismantling the irregularity (5) Hedonistic play instinct (6) Psychological compensation (7) Sexual sensuality (8) Ideal of the times (9) Aesthetic ornament (10) Feeling of satisfaction through self-enlargement. From list above. metaphorical sensuality, aesthetic ornament and the feeling of satisfaction driven by Self-Enlargement are the same characteristics found in the aesthetics consciousness of the voluminous enlargement of the costume In history in that they are the aesthetic consciousness above time and space. It is metaphorical sensuality which transform woman's body in to distorted images as influenced by both capitalism and materialism in the last 20 years. These are represented by the sadomasochistic and fetish images as the woman's metaphorical voluminous enlargement is apparently becoming more positive, radical and obscene especially in terms of expression.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.576-584
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to define the detailed factors related to expressing the aesthetic image of various baggy pants with changes to the hip circumference and crotch length ease. For this, detailed factors expressing the aesthetic image of baggy pants were deduced, and the aesthetic image and mutual influence according to the change in the hip circumference and crotch length ease were analyzed. Nine baggy pants with different levels of hip circumference and crotch length ease were produced as experimental pants. The image of each pair of experimental baggy pants was evaluated based on pictures taken of the pants worn by a woman in her 20s with a standard body figure. The image assessment team was composed of 105 clothing majors. The research results are as follows. Three aesthetic image factors of baggy pants were extracted: attractiveness, elegance and activity. When there was not much ease in the hip circumference and crotch length of the baggy pants, it appeared to look more attractive, younger and fashionable. A dignified and feminine image was perceived more when there was less ease in the hip circumference regardless of the crotch length. Because there was less ease in the hip circumference and crotch length, it appeared to be more comfortable, active and soft. These research results show that baggy pants with too much ease in the hip circumference or crotch length are perceived to be less attractive and actually as inactive. As seen here, there is a difference in the aesthetic image according to the change in the hip circumference and crotch length of the baggy pants; therefore, baggy pants which suits a person's own body type can be chosen to enhance the preferred aesthetic image of individuals.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.360-364
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• 2016

Background Venous thromboembolism, a spectrum of diseases ranging from deep venous thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, is a major source of morbidity and mortality. The majority of cases described in plastic surgery involve abdominoplasty. Risk assessment and prophylaxis are paramount in such patients. General recommendations were recently developed, but the evidence in the literature was insufficient to prepare exhaustive guidelines regarding the medication, dosage, timing, or length of the prophylaxis. Methods A thromboprophylaxis protocol was developed for patients undergoing abdominoplasty. The protocol consisted of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures. Enoxaparin was administered as chemoprophylaxis in selected patients. The study involved 253 patients. The patients were analyzed for age, body mass index, enoxaparin dosage, risk factors, and complications. Results Deep venous thrombosis was documented in two cases (0.8%). No pulmonary embolism occurred. Three patients (1.2%) presented mild subcutaneous abdominal hematoma within the first postoperative week that spontaneously resorbed with neither aesthetic nor functional complications. Two patients (0.8%) presented severe hematoma requiring surgical re-intervention for drainage and hemostasis revision. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between enoxaparin dosage and hematoma (P=0.18) or deep venous thrombosis (P=0.61). Conclusions The described thromboprophylaxis protocol proved to be effective in the prevention of thrombotic events, with an acceptable risk of hemorrhagic complications. Furthermore, it provides new evidence regarding the currently debated variables of chemoprophylaxis, namely type, dosage, timing, and length.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-22
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• 1995

Philosophers Of aeBthetics have tended to limit their Suhject to include only objects Of art. In contrast to art objects, landscapes include elements of both art and nature, and the aesthetic experiences of landscape are ordinarty ones. Thus, the theoretical alternatives, that cannot be like the traditional aesthetic dogma of art, must be explored. Jay Appleton's theory is the firsts attempt to develop a comprehensive theory of landscape aesthetics. He concentrates on the question 'what do we like about landscape and why do we like it ' He takes the assumption that the aesthetic experience of landscape is pleasurable or satisfying, and suggests the biologically oriented theory, called 'prospect-refuge theory.'Although his theory is stimulating and highly speculative, it depends on the 'aesthetic attitude' theory of Kantian thought. His theory can be criticized for its biologically deterministic nature and its reductionism To respond to Appleton's shortcomings, that is, to resolve the conflict between biological and cultural explanations of aesthetic experience of landscape, Steven Bourassa tries to combine biological, cultural, and personal modes in a comprehensive paradigm for research in landscape aesthetics. This tripartite paradigm seems to promise to be meaningful if helping to pose important questions as well as in. avoiding conceptual errors about aesthetic domain of landscape. However, Bourassa's theory fails to integrate such three separate kinds of moder In the final analysis both Appleton and Bourassa present same succeases in expanding the scope of aesthetics to embrace landscape. Most important for a theory in landscape aesthetics must be its ability to enlarge our awareness of the aesthetic domain and its sound logic and evidence to criticize our problematic beliefs about he aesthetic idea of landscape.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.660-669
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• 2021

Background The demand for aesthetic procedures continues to grow globally, particularly in East Asian countries. The popularity of specific aesthetic procedures varies, however, depending on the particular East Asian geographical region being studied. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in five East Asian countries/regions, including China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Methods To recruit participants, an online questionnaire was designed and distributed on social media networks between May 2015 and March 2016. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0. Results A total of 3,088 people responded (approximately 600 in each country/region). Of these, 940 participants (47.8%) responded that they had experienced at least one aesthetic procedure in the past. Taiwan had the highest number of participants who had experienced at least one procedure (264/940, 41%), with primarily non-surgical experiences. Only in South Korea did surgical cosmetic experiences exceed non-surgical cosmetic experiences (55.9% vs. 44.1%). The popularity of particular procedures and the motivation for undergoing aesthetic procedures varied by country. Conclusions The popularity of aesthetic procedures continues to evolve. Similar trends were observed across the East Asian regions; however, each country had its unique demands and preferences. The information provided by this study can help aesthetic plastic surgeons further understand the patients in their corresponding region, customize their practice, and develop the requisite skills.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of architectural aesthetic using the contingent valuation method and to analyze the value-giving characteristics. The site survey was conducted based on the scenario of Dong-daemun Design Plaza, which is recognized as a work of outstanding architectural aesthetic. Based on 307 opinions collected, the main results are as follows: First, it could be confirmed that the higher the level of architectural aesthetic, the higher the payment amount was. The result of estimating the value of the architectural aesthetic on the basis of the fixed amount levy showed that the average payment amount was 8,859 won per person. The average payment amount was 13,014 won per person when the rejector of payment was excluded. The value of architectural aesthetic was about 13.72% of total construction cost. Second, free riding, which occurs mainly in the measurement of the value of public goods or environmental goods, appeared. This tendency is stronger in the elderly than in the younger, and in the differential amount levy than in the fixed amount levy. Third, the extreme subjectivity of architectural aesthetic value could be confirmed. While there are a lot of extreme denials of payments such as 0 won, the high-income was willing to pay a substantial amount. Fourth, it was confirmed that income factors was partly involved in the measured value.