• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.191-193
• /
• 2000

To find out the countermeasure to plant damage at soil contaminated with oil, several adsorbents such as muck, peat, sawdust and PEAT SORB were treated at diesel oil contaminated soil. As the results, sawdust and PEAT SORB showed better effect of oil adsorption than muck and peat. Removal rate of diesel oil with sawdust treatment was higher than 95% at the condition which the ratio of adsorbent amount to oil was higher than 1:2(w/v). And the releasing amount of oil from adsorbent-oil complex was very small. With the oil treatment of $4,000\;L{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ at tillering stage, rice plant height and chlorophyll content were lower than control at non-adsorbent treatment, but those were increased at sawdust treatment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2020

We evaluated the applicability of baking soda, charco'al, coffee, and green tea as a natural deodorant in Kimchi packaging. Moreover, to evaluate the potential usage of these deodorants in packaging materials and confirm their applicability in high-temperature melt-extrusion processing, the thermal stabilities of the deodorants were investigated, and heat-treated deodorants were evaluated in terms of the deodorizing function compared with non-treated deodorants. Aroma patterns were decreased after deodorizing treatment with all-natural deodorants. Dimethyl disulfide, methyl trisulfide, and diallyl disulfide, the most significant odorous Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Kimchi, decreased after treatment with the deodorants. In particular, baking soda and charcoal showed the highest efficiency in removing odorous compounds and VOCs from Kimchi, even after high-temperature processing. The acetic acid removal rates for both baking soda and charcoal were 99.9±0.0%. The heating process increases the deodorizing effects of baking soda. Sensory evaluation results showed that there is a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the overall preference for Kimchi samples packaged with charcoal and baking soda. This study provides useful information for the deodorization effects of natural deodorants for Kimchi smell and their applicability for packaging materials.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.88-98
• /
• 1997

To obtain design and operating parameters for advanced water facilities, pilot test consisted of ozonation and GAC filtration was conducted at midstream of Nakdong River. Even though the concentrations were very low, 62 chemicals were detected above $0.005{\mu}g/L$ in raw water. In the preozonation, natural organic matters which could produce THMs and organics such as phenols and amines were effectively removed. The performance of TOC removal of GAC filtration with ozonation was better than GAC filtration alone and adsorption capacity of GAC adsorbers were ranged 3~6mg-TOC/g-carbon. And also the life of GAC adsorber for removing TOC was predicted more than 1 years if ozonation is introduced. This indicates that biological degradation of organics happened in GAC filters. Most organics detected at ppt level were removed below detection limit by GAC filtration with ozonation. These results show that ozonation and GAC filtration are the reliable and safe process for organic contaminants and chlorinated byproducts control at Nakdong River.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to compare the performances of hydrophobic and hydrophilic membranes in the filtration of the pretreatment waters using coagulants such as PAC and PAHCs, and to investigate the influence of NOM characteristics on the fouling of membranes. As a result, the hydrophobic fraction was more effectively removed by PAHCs, however the transphilic and hydrophilic fraction were more effectively removed by PAC on NOM removal. Raw water showed the highest response in the range of humic substances, and pre-coagulated waters with PAC and PAHCs followed. It was also observed that the fouling effect for a hydrophobic membrane was greater than that of a hydrophilic membrane with a similar pore size, due to fouling caused by adsorption. Foulants causing significant flux decline were alcoholic compounds (polysaccharide-like) and humic substances including aromatic groups. Especially, it appeared that alcoholic compounds such as polysaccharide-like substances which mostly remained after coagulation pretreatment had most influence on fouling. It was found that fouling were influenced by each fraction NOM components depending on coagulants used. And PAHCs was more efficient for membrane fouling than PAC.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.1163-1170
• /
• 2005

The microbial adsorption characteristics of two different media for biological treatment were studied using attached diverse microbes onto activated carbon and ceramic. The results in the experiments of the characteristics of physical adhesion on two different media with addition of high and low concentrated substrate in the culture were observed that the efficient of adhesion onto F-400 activated carbon was higher over that of ceramic due to the surface area of media. The irradiation treatment by ultrasonication with 400 W power and 3 min retention time on the media without addition substrate conditions and subsequent mixing throughly the culture showed the highest efficiency of cell detachment on the media. Three different microbes, P. ovalis, A calcoaceticus, and B. subtillis were used for the study of the characteristics of microbial adhesion on the media. p ovalis showed the highest adhesion capability while B. subtillis showed the lowest capability adhesion onto media either addition of substrate in the culture. The mixed bacterial culture showed $10\%$ lower removal efficiency of DOC in the low concentrated substrate culture compared to the single pure culture. Whileas, it did not show significant difference between two cultures at high concentrated substrate. It was also observed same population density of microorganism by counting of microbes adhered to microbial media with an ultrasound treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2002

Destruction process of toluene using a wire-cylindrical BBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) reactor packed with catalysts was investigated to characterize the synergetic effects of non-thermal plasma and catalyst process. The catalysts used in the present study were ${\gamma}$-Al$_2$BO$_3$ and Pt/${\gamma}$-Al$_2$O$_3$. Under the numerous test conditions, specific energy density (SED (J/L)) and the conversion of toluene, defined as (1 -[C$_{f}$]/[C$_{i}$]), were measured. The test results showed that toluene decomposition efficiency followed the pseudo-first order in the case of plasma only process. The pseudo-first order process, however, was modified to pseudo-zeroth order reaction in the case of catalyst-assisted plasma process. This modification of the reaction order was verified based on a simple kinetic model proposed in the present study. Owing to the modification of reaction order, which resulted from the catalytic process, the specific energy to achieve the high removal efficiencies, i.e. 80~90%, was reduced significantly.y.y.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study is to investigate strength and water purification characteristics of effective microorganism-applied volcanic ash block using flexural strength test and water quality analysis. The specimens were prepared with volcanic ash from Mt. Baekdusan and Mt. Hallasan, and cement as the ratios of 3.5:1, 4.0:1, 4.5:1, 5.0:1 with and without metakaolin. Flexural strength degraded with increasing of the amount of volcanic ash, and increased with addition of metakaolin as a binder. Based on these results, the optimal ratio for fabricating volcanic ash-cement mixture block is determined as 3.5:1 with metakaolin. Furthermore, from water quality analysis on contaminated water, removal ability of effective microorganism-applied volcanic ash-cement mixture block and caged volcanic ash block against T-N, T-P and SS was highly evaluated because of adsorption due to the large specific surface area of volcanic ash. Hence, volcanic ash-cement mixture block and caged volcanic ash block possibly contribute to water purification.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2004.05b
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 2004

Control of Sediment is very important in prawn farm due to the eruption of toxic material such as W1ionized H2S, NH3 and NO2-. In this study, column test study, column with filter media such as activated carbon, zeolite, oyster shell and iron chloride to evaluate the reduction of toxicity from sediment ammonia-N(NH3) was effectively removed by Zeolite and oyster shell. It was indicated that ammonium ion(NH4+) was removed by ion exchange of zeolite. And the ammonia in the column of oyster shell was existed as the form of NH4+, which is not toxic for prawn because oyster shell was stably kept around pH 8. Therefore, some of ammonia(NH3) was reduced by oyster shell. Hydrogen sulfide and COD were effectively removed by adsorption of activated carbon and a partial removal of hydrogen sulfide was accomplished by Oyster shell. Phosphorous was removed by activated carbon, oyster shell and iron chloride. In prawn farm, the concentration of ammonia was increased with increase of pH by algae photosynthesis in the column of activated carbon, zeolite and iron chloride, but it was revealed that pH was stably kept in the column of oyster shell.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.1147-1151
• /
• 2007

Biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting bisphenol A was investigated with several white rot fungi (Irpex lacteus, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Polyporellus brumalis, Pleurotus eryngii, Schizophyllum commune) isolated in Korea and two transformants of T. versicolor (strains MrP 1 and MrP 13). I. lacteus degraded 99.4% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 3 h incubation and 100% in 12 h incubation. which was the highest degradation rate among the fungal strains tested. T. versicolor degraded 98.2% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation. Unexpectedly, the transformant of the Mn-repressed peroxidase gene of T. versicolor, strain MrP 1, degraded 76.5% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation, which was a lower degradation rate than wild-type T. versicolor. The removal of bisphenol A by I. lacteus occurred mainly by biodegradation rather than adsorption. Optimum carbon sources for biodegradation of bisphenol A by I. lacteus were glucose and starch, and optimum nitrogen sources were yeast extract and tryptone in a minimal salts medium; however, bisphenol A degradation was higher in nutrient-rich YMG medium than that in a minimal salts medium. The initial degradation of endocrine disruptors was accompanied by the activities of manganese peroxidase and laccase in the culture of I. lacteus.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.15 no.2 s.70
• /
• pp.45-49
• /
• 2006

The removal of copper ion from aqueous solution by adsorption with bone char that made from spent pig bone has been studied. This paper was studied the effects of bone char dosage and pH. The optimal results show that bone char adsorbs about 96.5 percent of copper ion in aqueous solution containing 50 mg/L as initial concentration at pH 5.0 when the bone char of 5g/L is used for 30 hours. Increase in the initial pH of the copper solution resulted in an increase in the copper ion uptake per weight of the sorbent Freundlich isotherm model was found to be applicable for the experimental data of $Cu^{2+}$.