• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.459-471
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• 2010

The main behavioural and environmental risk factors for cancer mortality in the world are related to diet and physical inactivity, use of addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health, exposure to air pollution and use of contaminated needles. The population attributable fraction for all cancer sites worldwide considering the joint effect of these factors is about 35% (34 % for low- and middle-income countries and 37% for high-income countries). Seventy-one percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by tobacco use (lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally). The combined effects of tobacco use, low fruit and vegetable intake, urban air pollution, and indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels cause 76% of lung cancer deaths. Exposure to these behavioural and environmental factors is preventable; modifications in lifestyle could have a large impact in reducing the cancer burden worldwide. The evidence of association between lifestyle factors and cancer, as well as the main international recommendations for prevention are briefly reviewed and commented upon here.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.501-516
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 스마트폰 중독의 문제를 예방하고, 또 이를 개입하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자, 현상학적 연구 방법을 사용하여, 대학생들이 스마트폰을 사용하면서 겪은 다양한 경험의 "의미"와 "본질"을 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 참여자들은 C시에 있는 대학에 재학 중인 총 9명의 대학생들이며, 심층 인터뷰 기간은 2012년 6월 초부터 2012년 7월말이었으며, 자료는 Colaizzi의 현상학적 연구방법에 따라 분석되었다. 자료분석 결과, 40개의 주제, 5개의 주제군이 도출되었으며, 1. 관계와 소통을 위한 몸부림(무방비 상태로 인터넷에 자기 개방하기, 인터넷상에서 위로받고 싶음, 마음의 상처와 불신), 2. 과다사용 및 통제력 상실(컴퓨터보다 스마트폰을 주로 사용, 과몰입 과다사용 습관화, 통제력 저하), 3. 심리적 부적응(과도한 애착과 의존, 분리불안, 집착, 인내력 저하), 4. 일상생활 위협(우선순위 변동, 독립적 일상생활기능 퇴행, 불규칙적 생활 및 건강문제 발생, 무료 메신저 피해, 학업에 지장 초래), 5. 회복의 가능성 엿보기(갈등과 회의, 사람간 소통의 중요성, 절제 의지, 회복의 여지) 등이다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로, 대학생의 스마트폰 중독을 예방하기 위한 제언을 하였다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

게임 중독 청소년의 게임이용 맥락과 의미를 이해하기 위해 실시한 심층 인터뷰 결과, 먼저 게임은 또래 집단의 네트워크를 기반으로 하는 이용 규범을 통하여 중독적 게임 이용을 유도해내는 속성이 있으며, 게임 장르의 진화와 스마트 기기의 확산도 중독적인 게임 이용을 이끌어내는 것으로 드러났다. 특히 또한 게임 속의 가상세계는 청소년들에게 현실에게 결핍되어있기 쉬운 개인적 성취감이나 정체성에 대한 욕구, 사회적 인정과 지지를 손쉽게 보상받는 대안적 공간이었다. 이들에게 게임은 현실세계에서는 결핍되어 있는 다양한 청소년기의 욕구에 대한 풍부한 심리적 보상과 경험을 가능하게 하는 가상공간으로 의미를 지니며 또래 집단의 적극적 문화실천으로 경험되고 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 게임 매체의 통제와 청소년의 개인적 특성에 초점을 맞춘 현재의 게임규제 접근방식에 대해 주요한 시사점을 던져준다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1032-1042
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• 2017

Many empirical studies indicate that SNS use has increased substantially over the last few years. People use SNSs for social purposes, mostly related to the maintenance of existing offline contacts. Such usage may have led to compulsive use of SNSs resulting in addictive behavior. This paper aims to explore factors affecting SNS addiction. Specifically, the study examined the role of personality traits in the Facebook usage among college students. Compared to the rest of world, daily log on the site has grown very quickly in South Korea. And college students constitute a vast majority of Facebook users in South Korea. Results from a survey of 235 college students revealed that extraversion and neuroticism positively predicted Facebook usage. Students who were high in extraversion were more likely to update their profiles, share photo and images with others and give feedback on other's posts. Similarly, those who were high in neuroticism were more likely to share photo and images with others and update their profiles. These findings support previous research. Furthermore, in terms of the effect of personality on SNS addiction, this study found that consciousness was negatively associated with Facebook addiction, while extraversion and neuroticism were positively associated with Facebook addiction. Based on these findings implications and directions for futures studies are discussed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 유튜브의 바른 사용과 관련된 용어 및 구성 요소를 살펴보는 것이다. 총 11명의 패널을 대상으로 델파이 설문을 실시하였고, 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 향후 유튜브 사용 형태가 어떻게 변할지 추측한 결과, 현재보다 다양하고 활발히 사용될 것이나 가짜 뉴스나 중독적 사용 등의 부적응적인 문제가 발생할 것이라는 합의가 도출되었다. 둘째, 올바른/올바르지 않은 유튜브 사용에 대한 용어로는 '적응적 사용'과 '부적응적 사용'을 도출하였다. 셋째, 올바른 유튜브 사용의 구성 요소로는 정보 및 콘텐츠 선별 능력, 자기조절 능력, 정보 습득 및 전달 능력, 사용 동기 및 욕구 파악, 사용 시간 조절 능력, 파급효과에 대한 고려성이라는 합의가 도출되었다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 한계점을 논하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aims to examine the association of depression, suicidal behaviors with smartphone use behaviors among Korean adolescents. Methods: We analyzed data from 'Youth Health and Life Skills Survey' in 2013. The survey was based on self-reported questionnaires distributed to 915 grade 7th and 8th students at four middle schools in Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea in 2013 to evaluate the effects of 'Youth Health and Life Skills' program. Depression and suicidal behaviors were measured in terms of the experience rate, and smartphone use behaviors were measured with average hours of smartphone use a day and overindulged behaviors in smartphone use by using 5-point Likert scales. We examined the association of depression and suicidal behaviors with smartphone use behaviors by using t-test and regression analyses. Results: 21.5% of respondents have ever felt depressed or hopeless to lose interest in school life almost everyday for 2 weeks or longer in the past year. The experience rate of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicidal attempt were 21.1%, 6.1%, and 5.7%, respectively. The mean of average hours of smartphone use a day was 3.9 hours, and the mean score of overindulged behaviors in smartphone use was 2.99. The students who have experienced depression and suicidal behaviors were more likely to have more smartphone using time and higher scores of overindulged behaviors in smartphne use than those who have not. Conclusion: We concluded that for preventing addictive or problematic smartphone use behaviors among adolescents we should consider and develop more positive strategies for the moderate use of smartphone than regulatory measures, which include the implementation of skill-based health education program including life skills at schools and the development of smartphone applications useful for resolving mental stress and promoting mental health.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.818-828
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction scale for Korean adolescents. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 577 adolescents in two middle schools and three high schools. Item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 3 factors explaining 55.45% of total variance. The factors were labeled as withdrawal/tolerance (7 items), life dysfunction (6 items), and compulsion/persistence (7 items). The scores for the scale were significantly correlated with self-control, impulsiveness, and cell phone use. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 20 items was .92. Scale scores identified students as cell phone addicted, heavy users, or average users. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the cell phone addiction scale has good validity and reliability when used with Korean adolescents.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the influencing the effects of emotional characteristics of adolescents on cell phone addiction and to form the basis for the developments of programs to protect addictive cell phone use. Methods: The data of the Korean Child-Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) was analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The influencing factors of the cell phone addiction were gender, attention, physical symptoms, depression, aggression, social withdrawal, games and entertainment, listening to music, text messages, call family and watching movies. The factors accounted for 30.6% of variance in cell phone addiction. Conclusions: These results suggest that cell phone addiction are influenced by emotional characteristics of adolescents. These results may contribute to development of programs to prevent cell phone addiction.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.645-653
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• 2016

Morphine is the most potent analgesic for chronic pain, but its clinical use has been limited by the opiate's innate tendency to produce tolerance, severe withdrawal symptoms and rewarding properties with a high risk of relapse. To understand the addictive properties of morphine, past studies have focused on relevant molecular and cellular changes in the brain, highlighting the functional roles of reward-related brain regions. Given the accumulated findings, a recent, emerging trend in morphine research is that of examining the dynamics of neuronal interactions in brain reward circuits under the influence of morphine action. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the roles of several reward circuits involved in morphine addiction based on pharmacological, molecular and physiological evidences.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.381-388
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• 2020

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant and one of the most widely abused drugs worldwide. The continuous use of METH eventually leads to drug addiction and causes serious health complications, including attention deficit, memory loss and cognitive decline. These neurological complications are strongly associated with METH-induced neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, which leads to neuronal cell death. The current review investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying METH-mediated neuronal damages. Our analysis demonstrates that the process of neuronal impairment by METH is closely related to oxidative stress, transcription factor activation, DNA damage, excitatory toxicity and various apoptosis pathways. Thus, we reach the conclusion here that METH-induced neuronal damages are attributed to the neurotoxic and neuroinflammatory effect of the drug. This review provides an insight into the mechanisms of METH addiction and contributes to the discovery of therapeutic targets on neurological impairment by METH abuse.