• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2005

This paper presents the analog adaptive phase-locked loop (PLL) architecture with a new adaptive bandwidth controller to reduce locking time and minimize jitter in PLL output for wireless communication. It adaptively controls the loop bandwidth according to the locking status. When the phase error is large, the PLL increases the loop bandwidth and reduces locking time. When the phase error is small, the PLL decreases the loop bandwidth and minimizes output jitters. The adaptive bandwidth control is implemented by controlling charge pump current depending on the locking status. A 1.28-GHz CMOS phase-locked loop with adaptive bandwidth control is designed with 0.35 $mu$m CMOS technology. It is simulated by HSPICE and achieves the primary reference sidebands at the output of the VCO are approximately -80dBc.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.763-769
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• 2007

A narrow loop noise bandwidth method is desirable to reduce the error of raw measurements due to the thermal noise. However, it degrades the performance of GPS initial synchronization such as mean acquisition time. And it restricts the loop noise bandwidth to a fixed value determined by the lower bound of the allowable range of carrier-to-noise power ratio, so that it is difficult to optimally track GPS signal. In order to make up for the weak points of the fixed-type narrow loop noise bandwidth method and simultaneously minimize the error of code and carrier measurements, this paper proposes a stepwise-type adaptive bandwidth algorithm for DGPS reference receivers. In this paper, it is shown that the proposed adaptive bandwidth algorithm can provide more accurate measurements than those of the fixed-type narrow loop noise bandwidth method, in view of analyzing the simulation results between two signal tracking algorithms. This paper also carries out sensitivity analysis of the proposed adaptive bandwidth algorithm due to the estimation uncertainty of carrier-to-noise power ratio. Finally the analysis results are verified by the experiment using GPS simulator.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.596-606
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• 2008

In this paper, we present a co-design methodology of dynamic optimal network-bandwidth allocation (ONBA) and adaptive control for networked control systems (NCSs) to optimize overall control performance and reduce total network-bandwidth usage. The proposed dynamic co-design strategy integrates adaptive feedback control with real-time scheduling. As part of this co-design methodology, a "closed-loop" ONBA algorithm for NCSs with communication constraints is presented. Network-bandwidth is dynamically assigned to each control loop according to the quality of performance (QoP) information of each control loop. As another part of the co-design methodology, a network quality of service (QoS)-adaptive control design approach is also presented. The idea is based on calculating new control values with reference to the network QoS parameters such as time delays and packet losses measured online. Simulation results show that this co-design approach significantly improves overall control performance and utilizes less bandwidth compared to static strategies.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2017

This paper presents computationally efficient image compression for wireless transmission of high-definition video, to adaptively utilize available channel bandwidth and improve image quality. The method indirectly predicts an unknown available channel bandwidth by monitoring encoder buffer status, and adaptively controls a quantization parameter to fully utilize the bandwidth. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to variations in channel bandwidth.

• Journal of KIISE
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2018

When multiple clients share bandwidth and receive a streaming service, HTTP Adaptive Streaming has a problem in that the bandwidth is measured inaccurately due to the ON-OFF pattern of the segment request. To solve the problem caused by the ON-OFF pattern, the proposed PANDA (Probe AND Adapt) determines the quality of the segment to be requested while increasing the target bandwidth. However, since the target bandwidth is increased by a fixed amount, there is a problem in low bandwidth utilization and a slow response to changes in bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a video quality control scheme that improves the low bandwidth utilization and slow responsiveness of PANDA. The proposed scheme adjusts the amount of increase in the target bandwidth according to the bandwidth utilization after judging the bandwidth utilization by comparing the segment download time and the request interval. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can fully utilize the bandwidth and can quickly respond to changes in bandwidth.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.322-334
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• 2014

Multimedia content is very sensitive to packet loss and therefore multimedia streams are typically protected against packet loss, either by supporting retransmission requests or by adding redundant forward error correction (FEC) data. However, the redundant FEC information introduces significant additional bandwidth requirements, as compared to the bitrate of the original video stream. Especially on wireless and mobile networks, bandwidth availability is limited and variable. In this article, an adaptive FEC (A-FEC) system is presented whereby the redundancy rate is dynamically adjusted to the packet loss, based on feedback messages from the client. We present a statistical model of our A-FEC system and validate the proposed system under different packet loss conditions and loss probabilities. The experimental results show that 57-95%bandwidth gain can be achieved compared with a static FEC approach.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2016

This paper presents a channel-adaptive rate control algorithm for low delay video coding. The main goal of the proposed method is to adaptively use the unknown available channel bandwidth while reducing the end-to-end delay between encoder and decoder. The key idea of the proposed algorithm is for the status of the encoder buffer to indirectly reflect the mismatch between the available channel bandwidth and the generated bitrate. Hence, the proposed method fully utilizes the unknown available channel bandwidth by monitoring the encoder buffer status. Simulation results show that although the target bitrate mismatches the available channel bandwidth, the encoder efficiently adapts the given available bandwidth to improve the peak signal-to-noise ratio.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.308-324
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• 2018

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) is a promising technology for delivering video content over the Internet. HAS-based video streaming solutions rely on bandwidth estimation to select the appropriate video bitrate. Video streaming solutions that consider network conditions provide users with seamless video playback. However, when multiple clients compete for a common bottleneck link, conventional bandwidth estimation schemes that consider only one client overestimate the network bandwidth due to the ON-OFF traffic pattern. The bandwidth overestimation can cause Quality of Experience (QoE) degradation, such as unnecessary changes in video quality, and unfairness of video quality. In this paper, we propose a client-side bandwidth estimation scheme to obtain a better QoE of HAS in the multiple-client environment. The proposed scheme differentiates the client buffer status according to the buffer occupancy, and then estimates the available network bandwidth based on the buffer status and segment throughput. We evaluate the performance of HAS implemented in the ns-3 network simulator. Simulation results show that compared with the conventional schemes, the proposed scheme can enhance the QoE.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2008

A novel fast locking dual-loop integer-N phase locked loop(PLL) with adaptive bandwidth scheme is presented. When the PLL is out-of-lock, bandwidth becomes much wider than 1/10 of channel spacing with the wide bandwidth loop. When the PLL is near in-lock, bandwidth becomes narrower than 1/10 of channel spacing with the narrow bandwidth loop. The proposed PLL is designed based on a $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS process with a 3.3V supply voltage. Simulation results show the fast look time of $50{\mu}s$ for an 80MHz frequency jump in a 200KHz channel spacing PLL with almost 14 times wider bandwidth than the channel spacing.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2013

Provisioning of quality of service (QoS) is a key issue in any multi-media system. However, in wireless systems, supporting QoS requirements of different traffic types is a more challenging problem due to the need to simultaneously minimize two performance metrics - the probability of dropping a handover call and the probability of blocking a new call. Since QoS requirements are not as stringent for non-real-time traffic, as opposed to real-time traffic, more calls can be accommodated by releasing some bandwidth from the already admitted non-real-time traffic calls. If the released bandwidth that is used to handle handover calls is larger than the released bandwidth that is used for new calls, then the resulting probability of dropping a handover call is smaller than the probability of blocking a new call. In this paper, we propose an efficient call admission control algorithm that relies on adaptive multi-level bandwidth-allocation scheme for non-realtime calls. The scheme allows reduction of the call dropping probability, along with an increase in the bandwidth utilization. The numerical results show that the proposed scheme is capable of attaining negligible handover call dropping probability without sacrificing bandwidth utilization.