• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.351-359
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• 1991

This paper describes performances of speaker adaptation using a probabilistic spectral mapping matrix in hidden-Markov model(HMM) -based Korean isolated word recognition. Speaker adaptation based on probabilistic spectral mapping uses a well-trained prototype HMM's and is carried out by Viterbi, dynamic time warping, and forward-backward algorithms. Among these algorithms, the best performance is obtained by using the Viterbi approach together with codebook adaptation whose improvement for isolated word recognition accuracy is 42.6-68.8 %. Also, the selection of the initial values of the matrix and the normalization in computing the matrix affects the recognition accuracy.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권12호
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• pp.747-756
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• 2019

This paper reviews the adaptation accuracy and mechanical properties of currently used denture processing systems with base resin materials and introduces the latest research on the development of antimicrobial denture base resins. Poly(methyl methacrylate) has been successfully used as a dental denture base resin material by the compress-molding method and heat polymerization for a long time, but recently, new processing techniques, injection molding-methods or fluid-resin technique are also used for fabricating denture base. However, studies indicated that there was no difference between the injectionmolding and the conventional compression-molding method in terms of adaption accuracy of denture base. The fluid-resin fabrication and one injection-molding systems exhibited better adaptation accuracy than the other processing methods. Resin denture bases in the oral cavity may undergo midline fractures due to flexural fatigue from repeated masticatory loading. For those patients, impact resistant denture base resins are recommended to prevent denture fracture during service. Thermoplastic denture base resins can be helpful for patients suffering from allergic reaction to resin monomers with a soft-fit, however, thermoplastic resins with low stiffness can irritate gum tissues and accelerate abnormal alveolar ridge resorption. Moreover, due to low chemical durability in oral cavity, those should be used for a limited period of time.

• 한국멀티미디어학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국멀티미디어학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.326-329
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• 2004

Content adaptation is an effective solution to support the quality of service over multimedia services over heterogeneous environments. This paper deals with the accuracy and the real-time requirement, two important issues in making decision on content adaptation. From our previous problem formulation, we propose an optimal algorithm and a fast approximation based on the Viterbi algorithm of dynamic programming. Through extensive experiments, we show that the proposed algorithms can enable accurate adaptation decisions, and especially they can support the real-time processing.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1243-1250
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 VPI 환자 음성을 정상인 음성으로 복원하기 위한 기술의 단계로서 효과적인 VPI 음성 인식 기술을 소개한다. 소량의 VPI 환자 음성을 모델 적응에 효과적으로 사용하기 위해 정상인의 모의 음성을 이용하여 화자 적응을 위한 사전 모델로 이용하는 기법을 제안한다. MLLR 기법을 이용한 화자 적응을 통해 평균 83.60%의 인식률을 보이고, 모의 음성 모델을 화자 적응의 사전 모델로 이용함으로써 평균 6.38%의 인식률 향상을 가져온다. 음소 인식 평가 결과는 제안한 화자 적응 방식이 대폭적인 음성 인식 성능 향상을 가져오는 것을 증명한다. 이러한 결과는 본 논문에서 제안하는 모의 음성 모델을 이용한 화자 적응 기법이 대량의 VPI 환자 음성을 취득하기 어려운 조건에서 보다 향상된 성능의 VPI 환자 음성 인식기를 구축하는데 효과적임을 입증한다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2011

This study assessed the effect of preparation design on marginal adaptation and also compared the sensitivity and specificity of clinical evaluation techniques for marginal accuracy of cast restorations to stereomicroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three Ivorine molar teeth of different designs were prepared. (A)-A complete crown preparation with buccal shoulder and beveled finish line. (B)-A complete crown preparation with chamfer finish line. (C)-A three-quarter crown preparation with proximal boxes and beveled finish line. Twenty four castings were prepared with eight castings for each design respectively. Each casting underwent examination with an explorer, disclosing media, and a stereomicroscope. Stereomicroscopy at a value less than or equal to 30 microns was used as a gold standard to evaluate the significance of different designs on marginal adaptation. Chi-square tests of independence and Kruskal-Wallis were used to evaluate the effect of preparation design and compare the agreement between examination methods for detection of marginal gap size of greater than or equal to 30 microns (${\alpha}$=.05). Sensitivity and specificity for explorer and disclosing media as compared to stereomicroscope was calculated using statistical formula given by Park. RESULTS. The preparation design did not significantly affect overall marginal adaptation. Examination by explorer and disclosing media at $30 \;{mu}m$ revealed 39% and 10.06% sensitivity and 91% and 82% specificity respectively. CONCLUSION. Preparation designs examined in this study did not significantly affect the marginal adaptation of the castings. Commonly used clinical evaluation techniques using explorer and disclosing media appeared to be inadequate for assessment of marginal accuracy.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2013

This paper presents a method using Maximum-Likelihood Linear Regression (MLLR) adaptation to improve recognition performance of Limabeam algorithm for speech recognition using microphone array. From our investigation on Limabeam algorithm, we can see that the performance of filtering optimization depends strongly on the supporting optimal state sequence and this sequence is created by using Viterbi algorithm trained with HMM model. So we propose an approach using MLLR adaptation for the recognition of speech uttered in a new environment to obtain better optimal state sequence that support for the filtering parameters' optimal step. Experimental results show that the system embedded with MLLR adaptation presents the word correct recognition rate 2% higher than that of original calibrate Limabeam and also present 7% higher than that of Delay and Sum algorithm. The best recognition accuracy of 89.4% is obtained when we use 4 microphones with 5 utterances for adaptation.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.146-152
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• 2000

Two and Three dimensional dynamic adaptation code is developed for transient computations. This code involves mesh refinement and coarsening to either add points in high gradient regions of flow or remove points where they are not needed, for high spatial accuracy. Temporary cell algorithm is used to maintain the original grid quality. To show the assessment of the accuracy and efficiency, two dimensional study and unsteady flows are computed. Also, three dimensional steady computations are made to assess the refinement using temporary cell algorithm. The result shows the high spatial accuracy primarily in discontinuity regions in steady and unsteady computation.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1991

본 논문에서는 HMM을 이용한 음성인식 시스템에서 2단계로 이루어지는 화자적응 알고리즘의 성능비교를 수행하였다. 첫단계는 새로운 화자와의 거리차이를 줄여주는 VQ 적응방식들로 구성되는 이 방식들 중에서 lable prototype 적응, 적응음성으로부터 구성된 VQ코우드 북을 사용한 적응 및 사상 코우드 북을 사용한 적응등의 알고리즘 성능비교를 하였다. 두 번째 단계는 새로운 화자를 위해서 HMM 파라미터를 변환시켜주는 HMM 피라미터 적응방식들로 이루어지는데 이 방법들 중에서 Viterbi 알고리즘, DTW 알고리즘, iterative alignment 알고리즘 및 fuzzy histogram 알고리즘의 성능을 비교하였다. 성능비교 결과 fuzzy histogram 알고림즘에 의한 화자적응 방식이 최고의 인식율을 나타내었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2011

본 논문은 maximum a posteriori linear regression (MAPLR) 기반의 고속 화자적응 성능을 개선하기 위하여 사전분포를 추정하는 두 가지 방식을 제안한다. 일반적으로 MAPLR 방식에서 사용되는 변환행렬의 사전분포는 화자독립모델을 구성하는 훈련 화자들로부터 추정되어 모든 화자들에게 동등하게 적용된다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 화자에게 보다 더 적합한 사전분포를 적용하고자 적응 데이터를 이용하여 새로운 화자의 음향특성과 가까운 참조화자 집단을 선택한 후 참조화자 집단으로부터 사전분포를 추정하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 블록 대각 형태의 변환행렬의 사전분포를 추정하는 경우 사전분포의 평균행렬과 공분산행렬을 동일한 훈련 화자들로부터 얻어진 두 가지 형태의 변환행렬집단으로부터 각각 추정하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법의 성능 평가를 위하여 고립단어 인식실험을 통해 적응 단어의 개수에 따른 단어 인식률을 평가한다. 실험결과, 적응 단어 수가 매우 적을 때 기존의 MAPLR 방식에 비하여 통계적으로 유의미한 성능향상이 얻어짐을 보여준다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2004

Genetic Algorithm(GA), that is shown stable performance to find an optimal solution, has been used as a method of solving large-scaled optimization problems with complex constraints in various applications. Since it takes so much time to execute a long computation process for iterative evolution and adaptation. In this paper, a hardware-based adaptive GA was proposed to reduce the serious computation time of the evolutionary process and to improve the accuracy of convergence to optimal solution. The proposed GA, based on steady-state model among continuos generation model, performs an adaptive mutation process with consideration of the evolution flow and the population diversity. The drawback of the GA, premature convergence, was solved by the proposed adaptation. The Performance improvement of convergence accuracy for some kinds of problem and condition reached to 5-100% with equivalent convergence speed to high-speed algorithm. The proposed adaptive GAP(Genetic Algorithm Processor) was implemented on FPGA device Xilinx XCV2000E of EHW board for face recognition.