• IE interfaces
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.285-293
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• 1999

This paper analyzes the facility investment appraisal process of a real world shipyard and proposes several improving points. For this purpose the investment appraisal sheets are investigated in terms of the theory of the discounted cash flow (DCF) method. Through this investigation, the differences between the theory and its application are clarified and it is tried to resolve the gab by applying the DCF method appropriately including explicit use of actual cash flows in revenue and expense expressions. It is also proposed that some portion of the capital loss caused by defending facility sales may not be the sunk cost and that the portion can conceptually be calculated by the difference between economic value and sales price.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.59-71
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• 2022

Purpose - We investigate how firms transfer financial risks to employees in a form of flexible employment contracts and layoffs. Design/methodology/approach - Based on the literature on the prevalence of shareholder value ideology and the associated 'risk shift', we examined how stock price volatility is associated with a firm's use and hiring of nonstandard employees, and the number of employees lay-offed. We test our hypotheses using a longitudinal, multi-source, dataset of Korean firms from 2003 to 2011. Findings - We found support for the relationship between stock price volatility and flexible employment contracts and layoffs after controlling for actual risks such as increased debt or decreased sales. However, we found that the relationship is moderated by the power of professional CEOs relative to that of shareholders, in that powerful CEOs are more likely to transfer the external risks, i.e. stock price volatility, to employees. Research implications or Originality - This study contributes the emerging stream of literature that explore the effect of stock market pressures and governance structures on human resource management.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.39-66
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to suggest the improvement method of the profitability in our marine fish culture business. So I investigated the actual condition for aquaculture farms in South Sea coast by the question and actual survey. 1 recognized the following facts; 1) The marine floating netcage system are a great portion in two province - Kyeongnam and Cheunnam, 2) The rockfish are reared absolutely much more than the olive flounder, 3) The polyculture by various species are more carried out than the monoculture of the olive flounder or rockfish, etc. I analyzed the profitability in olive flounder monoculture, rockfish monoculture, olive flounder and rockfish polyculture, and rockfish polyculture taking turns year by year respectively. At a result I comfirmed that the net income to net sales was the highest in the olive flounder monoculture bacouse the olive flounder,s sale price was higher than rockfish price. But internal rate of return(IRR) and net present value(NPV) were high in the olive flounder and rockfish polyculture or the rockfish taking turns polyculture. The reasons were alttributed to their high utility of a netcage and to reduction of a capital cost. So, I suggest 1) to feed the bigger product in short term, 2) to reduction of a feed and seed cost, 3) to increase a survival rate of fish and 4) to enlarge production by highly utilizing a netcage. And I recognized that a aquaculture manager should make constantly an effort to gain more profit by rearing more good products and by reducing a production cost.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.25-34
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• 2012

It has been five years since the Post-Construction Sale System of Housing was introduced. The purpose of this study is to identify objectives and effects of the Post-Construction Sale System of Housing and analyze change of profitability at different sales time from a supplier's point of view. Apartment buildings construction projects performed in Seoul are used for the case study. The present value of sales revenues, sensitivity and the present value of expected sales prices are analyzed. According to the findings, first, profits made from a Pre-construction sales system was 5.1%~6.2% higher than those from a Post-construction sales system. Among four plans of a Pre-construction sales system (A, B, C and D plan), sales revenue from the A plan, which takes a deposit at the time of starting construction, was the greatest. Second, increase of the rate of discount and decrease of sales revenues are in direct proportion. The bigger rate of discount leads actual reduction of sales revenues. Third, for the present value of sales revenues reflecting change in basic model construction cost, a Pre-construction sales system showed a little higher than that of a Post-construction sales system by approximately 2%. It should be known that this study suggests profitability of Pre-and Post-construction sales system by clearly measuring them in the supplier's point of view and calculates sales revenues, considering change of a sale price following change of sales time.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.9-18
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• 2021

Constructing the Metropolitan Railway Express (the GTX) may have an impact on consumer confidence and housing sales price located near the planned route. This study looked at how consumers' psychology and housing prices change as the large-scale transport infrastructure plane was planned. Also, it looked at the relationship between consumer sentiment and housing prices to analyze the impact of new transportation facilities inflows. Using a correlation analysis, the relationship between the consumer sentiment index and the actual transaction price of apartments was identified. The impact of GTX on the consumer sentiment index and the actual transaction price of apartments was looked at using the Difference-in-Differences methodology. Our finding shows that the construction plan of a large-scale transportation infrastructure in the metropolitan area affects the sentiment of housing consumption and actual transactions. In a situation where the government is speeding up the construction of a wide-area transportation network such as GTX with the goal of becoming a city where people can commute to downtown Seoul within 30 minutes, policies that can stabilize the housing market in transportation hubs should be suggested.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.983-991
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide basic reference data for the development of slim-fit dress shirts patterns for a variety of body somatotypes. For this study, a survey was conducted on the actual product conditions of slim-fit dress shirts of domestic brands(Actual wearing and purchasing conditions, fit, design preferences). The survey was conducted on 135 men in their 20s~30s. PASW Statistics 18 was used for data analysis. The result of this study are as follows : Analysis of the actual wearing conditions of dress shirts indicates that consumers own an average of 1~2 classic-fit shirts and 1~4 slim-fit shirts. These are normally worn once or twice a week, and purchased mainly at department stores, agencies, direct sales markets or outlets. With respect to the purchasing factors, price and style were the main priorities. Surveyed consumers had the greatest preference for designs with a non-darted front and a darted back, a semi-wide collar and the color white. By classifying the surveyed by somatotype, Type B preferred designs darted on both front and back, Type A preferred designs with a non-darted front and a darted back, while Type Y preferred designs non-darted on both front and back. All somatotypes displayed a preference for semi-wide collars and the color white.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.552-560
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• 2021

With the recent development of the art distribution system, interest in art investment is increasing rather than seeing art as an object of aesthetic utility. Unlike stocks and bonds, the price of artworks has a heterogeneous characteristic that is determined by reflecting both objective and subjective factors, so the uncertainty in price prediction is high. In this study, we used LSTM Recurrent Neural Network deep learning model to predict the auction winning price by inputting the artist, physical and sales charateristics of the Korean artist. According to the result, the RMSE value, which explains the difference between the predicted and actual price by model, was 0.064. Painter Lee Dae Won had the highest predictive power, and Lee Joong Seop had the lowest. The results suggest the art market becomes more active as investment goods and demand for auction winning price increases.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.883-892
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• 2014

Free-to-play business model, which first commercialized in Korea, now becomes crucial sales drivers in the game industry, but the theoretical background is not well known that most of free-to-play content business models are developed based on the guts and trial-and-errors. In this study, we verified that the price discrimination theory in economics is the backbone of the free-to-play business model, and we also derived the three boundary conditions that should be satisfied in the business model design. We reviewed the three boundary conditions of free-to-play business model using case studies of previous games, and showed how the boundary conditions should work in the actual business. Through case studies, we tried to suggest the theoretical basis of free-to-play business model design, and sales enhancing techniques in free-to-play business.

• IE interfaces
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2002

A break-even analysis is a method used widely for profit planning or decisions in most companies. It is useful tool in financial studies because it is simple and offers useful insights from a modest amount of data. Although it is widely used, it has some weaknesses. It is limited in particular to the analysis for a short term time horizon or one period. We suggest a new break-even procedure to analyze projects with a long term time horizon as keeping the simplicity of a conventional break-even analysis. We will make efforts doing to include actual data for a cost or an income as much as possible rather than developing a mathematical model to improve unreality of a traditional break-even analysis. Also, we will use the spreadsheet software to solve problems.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.59-68
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• 2015

It's important to analyse effects of word of mouth for making its impact higher in performance of motions pictures. And it's required to combine variety sales activities like free gift, promotion goods and price discount with word of mouth for the box office of film. The purpose of this study is to compare between groups classified by demographic characteristic into effects from word of mouth and methods of sales promotion in intention of watching film. On the other hand existing studies on sales activity and word of mouth were one-sided in theoretical background, a meaning of this study is theorizing a social phenomenon about sales promotion of movie giving actual examples that currently are effected by production company, Movie theaters, distribution company and affiliated company. For this purpose, it conducted a survey targeting 500 students in B university in Seoul city and 379 answers got received, and it proceeded this study with 369 answers except 10 inaccurate ones. Creating questionnaires with Likert 5 point scale, it decided that case of substantial inclination was 5 points and inverse one is 1 point. Doing analysis T and ANOVA according to male and female, kinds of major study and number of average monthly watching movie, it analysed the test results after comparison analysis between classified group. The results are summarized as follows: First, offering premiums is more effective by masculine than feminine, but situation of free gift is an opposite result. Second, there are no differences of effects word of mouth and methods of sales promotion by majority departments. Third, there are much differences between groups classified by average number of watching film in a month into effects from word of mouth and methods of sales promotion. Group of watching film more 3 times in a month is more effective than the other groups in intension of watching film by word of mouth. Fourth, word of mouth is great factor to increase intention of watching film and second one is discount on the price.