• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 1985

Polysaccharide fractions were prepared from Forsythia Corea by several different extraction schedules. The fractions obtained were designated as ForCo A, ForCo B and ForCo C respectively. ForCo C was further purified through Sephadex G 200 column chromatography and obtianed two subfractions (Coreana A, Coreana B). ForCo showed marked antitumor activity against sarooma 180 and its activity was dose-dependent. Coreana A, purified from ForCo C, showed somewhat higher antitumor activity. ForCo C increased the number of circulating leucocytes and peritoneal exudate cells, but didn't show any significant effects on the phagocytic activity and total serum protein level. Chemical analysis showed that ForCo C was composed of glucose, galactose, xylose and arabinose. A close relationship between antitumor activities and polysaccharide contents waw observed. These results indicate strongly that antitumor active principle of Forsythia Corea is polysaccharide.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was designed to present preliminary data for the development of appropriate nursing care system for the patients with ALS by analyzing their physical function. Method: The clinical data of 36 ALS patients, who visited ALS Clinic of H University Hospital in Seoul, were collected from January, 2006 to August, 2006. To determine the physical function, Norris ALS scale and Appel ALS Rating Scale were used. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, range, t-test, ANOVA, using SPSS PC program. Results: The mean score of physical activity, muscle strength, upper extremity function, lower extremity function was 18.08, 27.72, 25.94, 25.19 respectively. There were significant differences in physical activity, muscle strength, and upper extremity function according to sender and comorbid disease(diabetes). Although sites of symptom onset were not statistically significant with all physical function, patients with bulbar onset showed relatively severe physical disabilities. Conclusion: The preliminary data on physical function of patients with ALS would be helpful for the development of ALS nursing guideline system.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2011

This paper has aimed to identify marketing variables which affect physicians' prescription of drug. Based on a literature review this paper derives the three factors (indirect commercial source, direct commercial source, academic information source) of information sources that physicians rely on for medicines, the three factors (research supporting activity, marketing supporting activity, medicine information supporting activity) of promotion activities physicians prefer, and the four factors (indirect quality of medicine, direct quality of medicine, experience of using medicine, price and design of medicine) of prescription criteria physicians use. Then it investigates using canonical correlation analysis whether or not physicians' prescriptions are affected by the information sources, the promotion activities, and the type of physicians. From the canonical correlation analysis this paper derives the meaningful three canonical functions of prescription for drugs. The first function explains the prescription which is insensitive to marketing activities, the second function does the prescription which is sensitive to them, and the final function does the prescription which is not affected by them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.371-377
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the antimicrobial function of natural herb extracts as antimicrobial agent or packaging material for the preservation of foods and greenhouse produce, the water extract of chopi (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.) was prepared and its antimicobial activity was determined. In the paper disk test its antimicrobial activity was increased in proportion to its concentraion. The growth of microorganisms was completely inhibited above 500ppm of its concentration. It showed wide spectrum of thermal(40 to 180oC) and pH(4 to 10) stabilities. In the electronic microscopic observation(TEM and SEM) of microbial morphological change it showed to decrease the activation of physiological enzymes and to lose the function of cell membranes. Even in the activation test of galactosidase, it seemed to weaken the osmotic function of cell membranes remarkably in comparison with chloroform and its activation corresponded to 40~50% of toluene. Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. extract seemed to be an excellent antimicrobial for the inhibition of food borne microorganisms as well as the pre servation of greenhouse produces.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1523-1528
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• 2006

The optimization of a batch-type quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-precipitation sensor measuring acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was conducted. To covalently bind AChE onto the gold electrode of a QCM surface, glutaraldehyde cross-linking to a cystamine self-assembled monolayer was tried at different cystamine concentrations. At the optimum conditions of the QCM-precipitation sensor, 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), containing 0.01% Tween 80, was used as the reaction buffer, with the enzyme amount of 5 units for immobilization and the substrate concentration of 50 mg/ml. The current biosensor might find a future applicability to the sum parameter detection on organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2023

Objectives : Agrimoniae Herba is a herbal medicine widely distributed in Asia and contains flavonoids including catechin, quercitrin, rutin, hyperoside, and quercetin. This study aimed to investigate the anti-oxidant activity and skin barrier function of different solvent fractions (Hexane; methylene chloride, MC; ethyl acetate, EA; n-butanol, Bu; Water) obtained from Agrimoniae Herba. Methods : Anti-oxidant activity of different solvent fractions obtained from Agrimoniae Herba was investigated through total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity measurements. Then, filament aggregating protein (Filaggrin), Type I collagen, ceramide synthase (CERS) 3, and CERS4 were analyzed to evaluate the skin barrier strengthening effect of different solvent fractions obtained from Agrimoniae Herba on UVB-stimulated HaCaT cells. Results : As a result of measuring total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and ABTS radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity was found to be excellent in the order of EA > Bu > MC > Hexane > Water. As a result of measuring mRNA gene expression of Type I collagen, Filaggrin, CERS3, and CERS4 after UVB-stimulated was applied to HaCaT cells treated with different solvent fractions obtained from Agrimoniae Herba, it was found to increase significantly in the Bu-treated group. Conclusion : Our findings show that the Bu sample obtained from Agrimoniae Herba has excellent anti-oxidant ability, which increases Type I collagen, Filaggrin, and ceramide synthetase in UVB-stimulated HaCaT cells to control the skin barrier improvement effect.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.522-537
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of the cognitive function and activities of daily living of the beneficiary older adults at home based on Korean Long-term Care Insurance System. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted from November 2010 to May 2011, the final respondents were 1,026 beneficiary older adults taking home visit care covered in Korean long-term care insurance system. The questionnaire included general characteristics of subjects, cognitive function, ADL(Activity of daily living). The data was analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 version. There was significant difference in cognitive function and ADL between 1st Grade, 2nd Grade and 3rd Grade of long-term care classification. The correlated factors of cognitive function were ADL, long-term care grade, disability of arm and leg, limitation of joint, bed sore and tube feeding. The correlated factors of ADL were cognitive function, long-term care grade, disability of arm and leg, bed sore and tube feeding. This study suggests that cognitive functions have to be mainly considered in long-term care grade. It is necessary to make an effort to develop long-term care grade in Korean long-term care insurance system an cognitive function improvement program for the beneficiary older adults. Above all things government will be seriously contemplating of revise contents for long-term care grade to provide quality of care for the older adults.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.481-481
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• 2000

We investigated the structure-activity relationships on use of multi-layer neural networks. The relationships are techniques required in developments of medicines. Since many kinds of observations might be adopted on the techniques, we discussed some points between the observations and the properties of multi-layer neural networks. In the structure-activity relationships, an important property is not that standard deviations are nearly equal to zero for observed physiological activity, but prediction ability for unknown medicines. Since we adopted non-linear approximation, the function to represent the activity can be defined by observations; therefore, we believe that the standard deviations have not significance. The function was examined by "leave-one-out" method, which was originally introduced for the multi-regression analysis. In the linear approximation, the examination is significance, however, we believe that the method is inappropriate in case of nonlinear fitting as neural networks; therefore, we derived a new index fer the relationships from the differential of information propagation in the neural network. By using the index, we discussed physiological activity of an anti-cancer medicine, Mitomycine derivatives. The neuro-computing suggests that there is no direction to extend the anti-cancer activity of Mitomycine, which is close to the trend of anticancer developing.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.147-158
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• 2016

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of cognitive function decline among community dwelling elderly. Methods : Data were analyzed from the Survey of Living Condition of Elderly panel study. Cognitive function was measured with the MMSE-KC at baseline and year 3. The study subjects were 5,464 community dwelling people aged 65 years or older who had no disability at baseline. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict cognitive function decline. Results : From 2008-2011, 4,417(80.8%) elderly people had no cognitive decline, and 1,074(19.2%) showed cognitive function decline measured by the MMSE-KC. After adjusting for demographics and baseline MMSE-KC score, the best predictors for cognitive function decline at 36 months were diabetes mellitus, smoking, low intensity physical activity, relationship with relatives and friends. Conclusions : Health promotion programs that are focused on the elderly are essential in preventing cognitive function decline. Promoting regular physical activity, and social relationships should be included in health promotion for elderly. When treating patients with diabetes, preventing cognitive impairment should be considered through education and counseling.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2013

Objectives: This study is conducted to identify the effects of the activity program for preventing dementia against depression, cognitive function, and quality of life for the elderly. Methods: A non-equivalent control group with pretest-posttest design was used on 50 elderly who were assigned to the experimental and control group (25 for each group). Results: Cognitive function was significantly different between the two groups of the pretest and posttest (Z=4.217, p<.001). There were significant differences between the two groups of the pretest and posttest (Z=-2.324, p=.020) for the quality of life on the EQ-5D index. Conclusions: These findings confirmed that the activity program for preventing dementia was effective for improving cognitive functions and quality of life for the elderly. Therefore, it is further encouraged to perform the activity programs for preventing dementia within other community health posts and community centers. It is necessary to study the emotional supports from community health posts in the future.