• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.113-120
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• 2018

The one-way gas valve developed in this study was designed to prevent the breakage of packages from increased internal pressure, which is a problem in packaged Kimchi, and simultaneously reduce the outflow of the offodor release. The effect of the one-way gas valve on the headspace atmospheric compositions was investigated in the packaging system. The changes of atmospheric compositions and quality factors of Kimchi, such as $CO_2$ accumulation, pH, titratable acidity, and salinity, were measured during a 4-week storage period at $4^{\circ}C$. The Kimchi package with the one-way gas valve dramatically reduced pressure build-up in the pouch by allowing the controlled flow of gas to the atmosphere. In addition, the package design allows the possibility of controlling the gas generated from Kimchi by adjusting the viscosity of the open pressure control oil. The one-way gas valve did not affect the sensory characteristics of Kimchi products during the storage period. Furthermore, the deodorizing capability of the activated carbon contained in the one-way gas valve effectively reduced the off-odor of Kimchi products released along with carbon dioxide. The novel one-way gas valve is considered to be an active packaging system that can solve major problems of expansion and off-odor leakage in the packaging of Kimchi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.41
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• pp.25-44
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the differences between consumers and suppliers about the necessity and effectiveness of hand-tied bouquet packaging in a retail shop and consumer needs of floristry packaging for sustainable condition were surveyed and analyzed using questionnaire format. In the introduction, the understanding and sustainability of floristry design were considered. The questionnaire consisted of general purchasing type, packaging related items, and consumer and supplier profile. Consumers were middle class residents living on Mokdong apartment complex, a small number of consumers who aren't living on Mokdong and workers and suppliers were florists currently active nationwide. This study suggests an effective and strategic packaging direction that reflects consumer needs, focusing on the similarity and difference of their needs and it presents them as business models. The results of the future research are expected to be the basis for producing and distributing packaging design.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.14-21
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• 2010

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.23-36
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• 1978

Since the active center of digestive enzymetic preparations, while under storage, lose their activity and potency by the exposure to moisture, colorization, solidifying and other physical changes. It is more important than beautiful package form that protected packaging form from moisture to get a pharmaceutical safety preparations and to maintain a definite potency. Then, in order to get a desirable conditions of storage and packaging, we used shellac and $AEA^{\circledR}$ as a coating base, and blister package, foil and bottle container as a packaging material. Temperature were set on room temperature and $37^{\circ}C$, moisture was adjusted to 40% RH and 80 % RH as a accelerated conditions. Accelerated test was carried out 6 times. The results are as follows: 1) The effect of packaging conditions give great influence on the maintenace of the stable potency. 2) Best result was produced with bottle container package. 3) $AEA^{\circledR}$ is more useful than shellac as a coating base of prevention from moisture. 4) Absorption of moisture gave considerable effects on potency and it has a limited point. 5) Difference in potency between optimal and worst condition is 472 u/2T, and difference in effective period is about 44 months.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.32-41
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• 2002

To prolong freshness and to reduce a decay rate of cut flowers during storage and distribution, a new packaging paper was developed with grapefruit seed extracts(GFSE) as a natural microorganism control agent. The GFSE was fractionated in order to identify antibiotic fractions by HPLC equipped with C18-reverse phase column chromatography. Among the active fractions, three ones were identified as 1-chloro-2-methyl-benzene (ο-toluene), N, N-dimethyl-benzenemethaneamine, and 1-〔2-(2-ethylethoxy)ethoxy〕-4-(1,1,3,3- tetra methyl)-benzene, while the other three remained unidentified. The GFSE-added paper displayed an effective inhibitory activity against putrefactive bacteria and fungi which were involved in the decay of flowers. Despite excellent antimicrobial acts of the GFSE-treated packaging paper, it was not possible to prevent the cut flowers from being dehydrated during storage, which led to the reduction of their fresh weight. However, additional treatment for giving water- repellency property to the GFSE-treated paper decreased a reduction rate of the fresh weight up to around 50% compared to the only GFSE-treated one.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Since the 1960s, semiconductor packaging technology has developed into electrical joining techniques using lead frames or C4 bumps using tin-lead solder compositions based on traditional reflow processes. To meet the demands of a highly integrated semiconductor device, high reliability, high productivity, and an eco-friendly simplified process, packaging technology was required to use new materials and processes such as lead-free solder, epoxy-based non cleaning interconnection material, and laser based high-speed processes. For next generation semiconductor packaging, the study status of two epoxy-based interconnection materials such as fluxing and hybrid underfills along with a laser-assisted bonding process were introduced for fine pitch semiconductor applications. The fluxing underfill is a solvent-free and non-washing epoxy-based material, which combines the underfill role and fluxing function of the Surface Mounting Technology (SMT) process. The hybrid underfill is a mixture of the above fluxing underfill and lead-free solder powder. For low-heat-resistant substrate applications such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and high productivity, laser-assisted bonding technology is introduced with two epoxy-based underfill materials. Fluxing and hybrid underfills as next-generation semiconductor packaging materials along with laser-assisted bonding as a new process are expected to play an active role in next-generation large displays and Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) markets.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.219-229
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• 2023

Consumer demand for products with health benefits and natural ingredients is significant for the expansion of functional foods. Edible films and coatings are an excellent way to diversify the market for functional foods and as substitutes for the prevailing packaging and products. Incorporation of whey protein (WP) and its active ingredients into edible films and coatings is a promising technique that can be applied to various food products. Numerous combinations can be used on an industrial scale depending on the purpose, product, nature of the film, type of active ingredient, and type of inclusions. In this review, we describe several characteristics of edible WP films and coatings used as novel packaging materials. WP-based packaging can play a beneficial role in sustainability because of the option of recycling materials rather than incinerating, as in synthetic laminates, because of the use of natural byproducts from the food industry as raw materials. However, cost-effectiveness is a driving force against industrial setbacks in current and future WP processing developments. The industrial application of this new technology depends on further scientific research aimed at identifying the mechanism of film formation to improve the performance of both the process and product. Furthermore, research such as consumer studies and long-term toxicity assessments are required to obtain significant market shares.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2011

A case study of an active transmitting patch antenna revealed a characteristic loop locus of DC power versus RF output power as drive frequency was varied, with an operational bandwidth substantially smaller than the impedance bandwidth of the radiator. An approximate simulation technique, based on separation of the output capacitance of the power transistor, yielded easily visualized plots of power dependence on internal load impedance, and a simple interpretation of the experimental results in terms of a near-resonance condition between the output capacitance and output packaging inductance.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.980-984
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• 2010

Research regarding respiration rate, off-flavor related material and freshness maintenance effect of active MA mini-packaging on perilla leaves has been carried in this study. Respiration rate was highly maintained at high oxygen treatments ($CO_2:O_2:N_2$=0:30:70 and 0:50:50), higher than non-treatment and low oxygen treatments (6:2:92, 0:10:90) during the storage period, and ethylene production was relatively higher. However, off-flavor related materials, acetaldehyde and ethanol production was noticeably low. Weight losses of non-treatment and low-oxygen treatment were about 1.8 and 1.4%, respectively. At the fifth day of storage there was no weight loss. Ascorbic acid content was 13.3 mg/100 g F.W. at the first day of storage. At the third day of storage non-treatment showed the lowest value of ascorbic acid, 8.8 mg/100 g F.W. Ascorbic acid content of active MA treatment gradually decreased without a striking difference as the storage day extended. Chlorophyll content was the lowest at the fifth day of storage with non-treatment, 47.5 (SPAD-502 unit) while the active MA treatment maintained high level of chlorophyll content, 53.0. Sensory evaluation (vision) showed that marketability gradually decreased but was maintained in high oxygen treatments (0:30:70 and 0:50:50), even at the fifth day of storage. Occurrence of off-flavor in non-treatment at the fifth day of storage was extremely low, 2.6; whereas high in high oxygen treatment, 3.4. Active MA packaging maintained freshness two more days at room temperature (about $27^{\circ}C$).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.902-911
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• 2010

Oriental melon ($Cucumis$ $melo$ var. $makuwa$) is a popular and high-value market fruit cultivated in Korea. Consumers are becoming increasingly interested in oriental melon as a healthy diet over the past few years. However, the melons have relatively high quality loss because the fruit are mainly produced for a limited period of time in the summer season. Lack of the proper postharvest treatments and high temperature exposure at harvest or during distribution are the most critical environmental factors limiting postharvest life of fruit. This review focuses on the overview of current research studies for postharvest treatment and functional packaging technology of oriental melon in Korea. Major physiological problems of the harvest fruit include the ripening process in quality changes of the produce such as loss of weight, firmness, flavor, and decay during the storage periods. Low temperature at 7 to $10^{\circ}C$ with high relative humidity of 90 to 95% is the suitable environmental condition used to maintain the quality of fresh oriental melon. Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage or modified atmosphere (MA) packaging can be used as supplemental treatments to extend postharvest-life. For oriental melon, an optimum CA is currently recommended to be 2-3% oxygen and 5-10% carbon dioxide atmosphere. Precooling, pretreatments of ethylene action and functional packaging system can be applied to oriental melon after harvest in order to extend storage life. Major active packaging technologies are concerned with a selectively gas permeable film related to respiration of produce and the packaging applications of ethylene removal, antimicrobial, and antifogging substances to keep the effective freshness of fruit.