• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.313-320
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• 2012

A dental treatment room is always exposed to diverse kinds of pathogenic bacteria, and may be a mediating place of cross-infection given being contaminated the interior of a room through several routes in the form of patient's secretion and aerosol. The main agent of preventing cross-infection is a dental hygienist in the dental treatment and the dental treatment room where are scattered about a risk of cross-infection. A dental hygienist needs to have right recognition on infection control before being active as a clinical expert. This infection-control recognition level is influenced from the clinical practice. Accordingly, to survey recognition of infection control, a self-administered questionnaire research was conducted targeting 314 students who are fixed the clinical practice as regular subject in the junior course out of curriculum for the Department of Dental Hygiene at some of 4-year universities. Data collection was performed from December 9, 2011 to February 22, 2012. Except 11 copies of questionnaire with insincere response among the collected materials, 303 copies were finally analyzed by using SPSS WIN 20.0. The following conclusions were obtained. In the infection disease section, both on and off campus showed 4.89 points from 'the importance of recognizing the infections prevention', 4.65 points from 'recognizing the compulsory preventative injection for hepatitis type B', 4.77 points from 'recognizing the necessity of the preventative injection for hepatitis type B', 4.71 points from 'whether practice the prevention in reality or not', and 4.76 points from 'the educational helps to the prevention'. In other words, the section recorded the highest and meaningful points. It is considered to be needed the development in systematic and diverse infection-control educational programs and the differentiated education depending on school year for dental hygiene students.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7337-7341
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• 2014

Background: The physiological role of vitamin D extends beyond bone health and calcium-phosphate homeostasis to effects on cancer risk, mainly for colorectal cancer. Vitamin D may have an anticancer effect in colorectal cancer mediated by binding of the active form $1,25(OH)_2D$ to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The Taq1 VDR gene polymorphism, a C-to-T base substitution (rs731236) in exon 9 may influence its expression and function. The aim of this study wass to determine the 25(OH)D vitamin D level and to investigate the association between circulating vitamin D level and Taq1VDR gene polymorphism among Jordanian colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This case control study enrolled ninety-three patients and one hundred and two healthy Jordanian volunteers from AL-Basheer Hospital/Amman (2012-2013). Ethical approval and signed consent forms were obtained from all participants before sample collection. 25(OH)D levels were determined by competitive immunoassay Elecsys (Roche Diagnostic, France). DNA was extracted (Promega, USA) and amplified by PCR followed by VDR Taq1 restriction enzyme digestion. The genotype distribution was evaluated by paired t-test and chi-square. Comparison between vitamin D levels among CRC and control were assessed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: The vitamin D serum level was significantly lower among colorectal cancer patients (8.34 ng/ml) compared to the healthy control group (21.02ng/ml). Patients deficient in vitamin D (less than 10.0 ng/ml) had increased colorectal cancer risk 19.2 fold compared to control. Only 2.2% of CRC patients had optimal vitamin D compared to 23.5% among healthy control. TT, Tt and tt Taq1 genotype frequencies among CRC cases was 35.5%, 50.5% and 14% compared to 43.1%, 41.2% and 15.7% among healthy control; respectively. CRC patients had lower mean vitamin D level among TT ($8.91{\pm}4.31$) and Tt ($9.15{\pm}5.25$) genotypes compared to control ($21.3{\pm}8.31$) and ($19.3{\pm}7.68$); respectively. Conclusions: There is significant association between low 25(OH)D serum level and colorectal cancer risk. The VDRTaq1 polymorphism was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk among patient with VDRTaq1 TT and Tt genotypes. Understanding the functional mechanism of VDRTaq1 TT and Tt may provide a strategy for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2016

This study was conducted in order to investigate the growth and morphological development of Cypselurus hiraii larvae and to obtain basic data for taxonomic research. Specimens for this study were collected using a scoop net (aperture Ø60 cm) at the Geomun Island in Yeosu-si, Jollanam-do in July and August of 2013, and the mean water temperature was $20.6{\pm}1.84^{\circ}C$ and the mean salinity was $32.1{\pm}0.46$‰ during the collection. In post-larvae of total length 9.58~9.69 mm (average $9.63{\pm}0.04mm$, n=5), the mouth was opened, and the maxilla was shorter than the mandible. The length of the dorsal fin did not exceed that of the ventral fin, and the dorsal fin was on the same line as that of the ventral fin. In post-larvae of total length 18.0~18.5 mm (average $18.2{\pm}0.22mm$, n=5), with the growth accelerated, the pectoral fin was developed broadly and their caudal fin was differentiated into the heterocercal tail. These characteristics suggest the development of swimming ability and resultant active feeding activities. In post-larvae of total length 22.4~23.0 mm (average $22.7{\pm}0.21mm$, n=5), striped melanophores deposited in the pectoral fin, and small spot-like melanophores expanded in the processes formed on the mandible. The dorsal and anal fins were on the same line, and the anal fin was situated behind the dorsal fin.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.73-88
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• 2015

Due to the cases of recent global warming and unusual weather etc., large-scale natural disasters such as typhoons, floods, snow damage occur frequently across the continents such as Southeast Asia and North America, South America etc. and risks of earthquakes and tsunami are also increasing gradually in Korea which has been regarded as a safe zone and disaster types are also being diversified such as typhoons, floods, heat waves, heavy snow and damage scale is also enlarged. In addition, due to geographical characteristics or lack of infrastructure, disasters tended to occur intensively around a specific region or city in the past but disasters occur throughout the country in recent years so preparation for disaster prevention has emerged as an urgent challenge issue. Therefore, considering that the plan of obtaining the effective feedback function of disaster Information is very important in the proactive and software aspects for disaster reduction, this paper analyzed this three aspects of contents, procedural and contextual aspects and proposed the plan. First, in the content aspect, building disaster prevention information communication Infrastructure, building urban and regional disaster prevention system, obtaining concurrency and sharing of information and second, in the procedural aspect, active utilization of ICT(Information and Communication Technology) of the prevention stage, disaster prevention information collection and analysis reinforcement of the preparation stage, improvement of decision-making structure and field command system of the response stage, recovery system related information promotion of the recovery stage were proposed as alternatives and finally, in the contextual aspect, if disaster prevention information is effectively managed through maintenance of disaster prevention information related systems, obtaining domainality by disaster prevention work, improvement of the ability to judge the situation, obtaining comprehensive and feedback function etc, it is considered to significantly contribute to reducing natural disasters.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.37
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• pp.7-28
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• 2013

Based on the status of which the research is not active and the analysis is not progressed, the purpose of this study life up pride, value and professional ethic of private security guard. Also, through this research, it offers the effect on professional ethic, organizational trust and job satisfaction. The data collection and survey are taken by the private security business members who work staff member or manager. They are surveyed with convenience sampling that among 500 data, 46 data which are thought to be answered insincerely or lack are excluded, so the total of 454 answered data are included in the final analysis. After coding and input process, the data is analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis using window SPSS 19.0 version. Significance level is 0.05. The conclusion that has been made based on the statistical analysis results are the followings. Professional ethic has a positive impact on organizational trust, job satisfaction. The educational training of the company is connected job satisfaction resultantly. Also the professional ethics education will improve the ability of the individual. Finally, the professional ethics raises a job satisfaction. Also, Organizational trust has a positive impact on job satisfaction. This the while to agree with a research result about the other type of business worker who is researched. In order raising the job satisfaction, the effort for raising a organizational trust is necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.511-524
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• 2017

This study aims to evaluate the availability of ABM (Active-Based Model), FEATHERS, as a policy evaluation tool. To achieve the goal, scenario analysis on flexible working policy was conducted to measure its impact on activity-travel behavior. As a consequence, there seems no significant change in worker's daily life, other than mitigating traffic congestion due to decreasing commuting travel in the rush hour. The result of VKT (vehicle kilometers traveled) shows an opposite pattern according to given household/individual constraints. The scenario analysis on telecommuting indicates a decreasing trend in both travel frequency and distance because of the diminished number of commuting trips. As the activity space of telecommuters is shifted to a residential area, there are more short-distance trips by using non-motorized transport, which leads to decrease in VKT (using a private vehicle). Thus, the sensitivity of VKT by population groups varies due to transport mode shift (between personal and another mode) and growing non-work trips (using a private mode). This study found few things. First, it is necessary to evaluate the details of policy impact by population groups since it can be varied depending on household/individual characteristics. Second, the case study shows a promising performance of ABM as policy measurement that provides reality in policy evaluation. Third, ABM allows us to do more accurate analysis (i.e. time-series analysis by population groups) of policy assessment than those of FSM (Four-Step Model). Lastly, a further effort in data collection, literature review, and expert survey should be made to enhance the accuracy and confidence of future research.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 1972

Previously identified female pupae were X-irradiated with a dose of 1000r one day prior to moth transformation. Female mothes from irradiated and non-irradiated pupae were copulated with normal male ones and allowed to lay eggs. Fertilized eggs were collected at 6 intervals such as 5, 15, 45, 90 minutes, 12 and 40 hours after laying, and deep-freezed immediately after each collection until measurements. RNase activity and nucleic acid content were determined with each sample and following results were obtained. 1) It was proved to exist two RNases in silk worm eggs as in mammalian tissues, one active maximally at pH 5.8 and the other at pH 8.0, and the acid RNase activity was much higher than that of alkaline RNase. 2) The activity of acid and alkaline RNases increased remarkably during early development of the embryo of silk worm eggs, reaching the maximum activity at 45 minutes from laying time in non-irradiated group. There was no appreciable difference in two RNase activities for 45 minutes after laying in both control and irradiated groups, but the activity of acid and alkaline RNases in latter group was three times as much as that in former group, at 90 minutes from laying time and it was also found the acid RNase activity was 1.8 times higher than alkaline one in irradiated group. 3) The RNA-P content of control group increased considerably for initial 45 minutes, followed by a decline 45 minutes later with sight but steady increase thereafter. The RNA-P content of irradiated group, however, increased at initial 5 minutes, followed by a marked fall 90 minutes after laying, with no change thereafter. The DNA-P of control group showed a sharp increase for initial 45 minutes, followed by a decline 45 minutes later with no appreciable change thereafter, whereas that of irradiated group showed an increase at initial 15 minutes, followed by a sharp decline for following 45 minutes with a gradual increase thereafter. It was thus proved that the synthesis of nucleic acid in silk worm eggs was much suppressed by X-irradiation during early development of embryo. 4) The RNase activity varied in parallel with the RNA-P content in control group, but the RNA-P content in irradiated group was shown to be minimum value in concidence with the maximum activity of both RNases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.294-302
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• 2019

As a series of fundamental researches on the development of an automatic identification monitoring system for fishing gear. Firstly, the study on the installation method of automated identification buoy for the coastal improvement net fishing net with many loss problems on the west coast was carried out. Secondly, the study was conducted find out how to install an automatic identification buoy for coastal gill net which has the highest loss rate among the fisheries. GPS for fishing was used six times in the coastal waters around Seogwipo city in Jeju Island to determine the developmental status and underwater behavior to conduct a field survey. Next, a questionnaire was administered in parallel on the type of loss and the quantity and location of fishing gear to be developed and the water transmitter. In the field experiment, the data collection was possible from a minimum of 13 hours, ten minutes to a maximum of 20 hours and ten minutes using GPS, identifying the development status and underwater behavior of the coastal gillnet fishing gear. The result of the survey showed that the loss of coastal net fishing gear was in the following order: net (27.3%), full fishing gear (24.2%), buoys, and anchors (18.2%). The causes were active algae (50.0%), fish catches (33.3%) and natural disasters (12.5%). To solve this problem, the installation method is to attach one and two electronic buoys to top of each end of the fishing gear, and one underwater transmitter at both ends of the float line connected to the anchor. By identifying and managing abnormal conditions such as damage or loss of fishing gear due to external factors such as potent algae and cutting of fishing gear, loss of fishing gear can be reduced. If the lost fishing gear is found, it will be efficiently collected.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.63
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• pp.145-165
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• 2020

, in collaboration with Mary Kelly, Kay Hunt and Margaret Harrison, tells the story of workers in the 1970s. Since the late 1960s, the world has undergone many political and social changes, and social movements have been active to protect the socially underprivileged, including women, children and workers. This phenomenon led to the diversification of the collection of the general public, the community, and the minority, and the expansion of the artist's political remarks and themes in the art world. , completed in conjunction with these social issues, surveyed and recorded the reality of workers in a factory in London and produced it as a artwork. is a collaborative work of three artists, a record of workers in the 1970s, and a record of the labor situation, factory, and even the history of the region. Therefore, this study examined the methods and features of , which dealt with the lives of women workers in the 1970s, based on social conditions.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 2020

The support policy of Micro manufacturers clusters should reflect the regional characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters, but only similar policies are proposed based on the normal collection of information from related companies. Since the regional characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters are not understood, they are not reflected in the support policy. Therefore, this study analyzed the characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters as the formation factors of localization, networking/embeddedness, and innovation synergy/collective learning which are the characteristics of clusters, and applied the development stage based on the analyzed formation factors. Since regional characteristics may be different in the same industry, Micro manufacturers clusters in Changsin and Jangwi, which are representative clusters of apparel sewing industry in Seoul, were compared and studied in terms of regional characteristics and developmental stages. As a result of analyzing the characteristics of Apparel Sewing Micro manufacturers clusters, clusters of peers were found to be higher in Changsin than in Jangwi in localization. However, in the synergy and group learning, the Changsin area was mainly centered on designers and the Jangwi area was centered on Micro manufacturers, the Changsin area was active while the Jangwi area was passive in participating in fairs and seminars, and in sample and production. As a result of examining the two formation factors, the development stage of Micro manufacturers clusters in the two regions is progressing beyond the industrial district in the case of Micro manufacturers clusters in Changsin apparel sewing, and the Micro manufacturers clusters in the Jangwi apparel sewing are analyzed to stay in the industrial district. Innovative and long-established garment sewing clusters suggest that the government's support policy needs to reflect the characteristics and development stages of the two regions for sustainable growth.