• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1684-1686
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• 2005

As photovoltaic(PV) power generation systems become more common, it will be necessary to investigate islanding detection method for PV systems. Islanding of PV systems can cause a variety of problems and must be prevented. However, if the real and reactive power of load and PV system are closely matched, islanding detection by passive methods becomes difficult. Also, most active methods lose effectiveness when there are several PV systems feeding the same island. The active frequency drift positive feedback method(AFDPF) enables islanding detection by forcing the frequency of the voltage in the island to drift up or down. In this paper the research for the minimum value of chopping fraction gain applied digital phase-locked-loop(DPLL) to AFDPF considering output power quality and islanding prevention performance are performed by simulation and experiment in IEEE Std 929-2000 islanding test.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2008

In this paper, we present an active anti-islanding method with a load monitoring system using reactive power control. The proposed method, which is based on reactive power control, has fewer harmonics components than those in conventional methods, and it can minimize the reactive power component of the grid because it compensates the reactive power component with the load monitoring. The proposed quick islanding detection method was confirmed from the experimental results with an inverter for a 3kW photovoltaic system.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2006

This paper proposes a novel active frequency drift (AFD) method for the islanding prevention of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. To detect the islanding phenomenon of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters concerning about the safety hazards and the damage to other electric equipments, many kinds of anti-islanding methods have been presented. Among them, AFD method using chopping fraction enables the islanding detection to drift up (or down) the frequency of the voltage during the islanding situation. In this paper, injecting the periodic zero current into the basic AFD method is proposed. This proposed method shows the analytical design value of cf to meet the test procedure of IEEE Std. 1547 with various load conditions. Detection of islanding is verified using simulation tool PSIM.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2013

계통연계형 인버터의 중요 성능 중 단독운전 검출기능 및 방지기능은 계통을 유지보수하기 위한 작업자의 안전을 위하여 고려되어야 할 필수 사항이다. 본 논문에서는 태양광을 이용한 계통연계형 태양광발전시스템에서의 AFS(Active Frequency Shake) 단독운전 검출기법을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저 AFS 단독운전 검출 알고리즘을 제안하기 위하여 기존의 능동 주파수 변이기법 알고리즘에 대해 기술한다. 그리고 단독운전 불검출영역을 줄이고, THD(Total Harmonic Distortion)를 개선하며, 기존 알고리즘 보다 검출 속도 또한 향상 시킬 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 아울러 제안된 단독운전방지 기법을 3kW 계통연계형 태양광 인버터에 적용하고 시뮬레이션 및 실험을 통하여 제안하는 알고리즘의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.297-302
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• 2009

As the grid-connected photovoltaic power conditioning systems (PVPCS) are installed in many residential areas, these have raised potential problems of network protection on electrical power system. One of the numerous problems is an Islanding phenomenon. In this paper, active frequency drift (AFD) method, one of the anti-islanding analyzed by current magnitude compensation and calculation of RMS value of the output power.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.591-594
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• 2005

Islanding of PV systems occurs when the uitilty grid is removed but local sources continue to operate and provide power to local loads. Islanding Is one of the serious problems in an electric power system connected with dispersed power sources. Also, this scan present safety hazards and the possibility of damage to other electric equipments. If the real and reactive power of RLC load and PV system are closely matched, islanding phenomena can't be detected by the passive methods. Several active methods were proposed to detect islanding phenomena. The most effective method is SFS method which was suggested by Sandia National Laboratory. In this paper, a new anti-islanding algorithm is proposed and its validity is verified through simulation and experimental results for utility interconnection of PV system.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1705-1707
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• 2005

This paper proposes a novel active frequency drift(AFD) method for the islanding prevention of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. To detect the islanding phenomenon of grid-connected photovoltaic(PV) inverters concerning about the safety hazards and the damage to other electric equipments, many kinds of anti-islanding methods have been presented. Among them, AFD method using chopping fraction(cf) enables the islanding detection to drift up(or down) the frequency of the voltage during the islanding situation. However, the performance of the conventional AFD methods, which have a certain value of cf only, is inefficient and difficult to design the appropriate cf value analytically to meet the limit of harmonics. In this paper, the periodic chopping fraction based on an AFD method is proposed. This proposed method shows the analytical design value of cf to meet the test procedure of IEEE Std. 929-2000 with the power quality and islanding detection time. To verify the validation of the proposed method, the islanding test results are presented. It is confirmed that the proposed method has not only less harmonic distortion but also good performance of islanding detection compare with the conventional AFD method.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2002년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.555-558
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• 2002

The general ways of the anti-islanding can be classified into the active method and passive method. The passive method which use only the voltage information when power failure occurs has much possibility of the wrong detection. And the active method detects the change of the voltage frequency as instantaneously changing the frequency of the inverter output current. Therefore, in this paper, the method to inject arbitrary order harmonics into controlled current is proposed. In this method islanding can be detected by measuring the amount of load voltage of injected harmonics order. And as a current control method predictive control method is used, which make actual current accurately to track reference current by Instantaneously computing converter output voltage and has fast response in transient state. This parer proposed method was verified by simulation.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2009

계통연계형 분산전원 시스템의 제어 기술 중에 전기적 안전성을 확보하기 위해 계통의 이상을 검출하여 분산전원을 분리 시켜야 하며 PCS의 이러한 기능을 단독운전 방지라고 불린다. 수동적인 기법으로는 단독운전시에 전력생산량과 부하 요구량이 일치할 경우 연계점의 전압 및 주파수 특성이 변하지 않으므로 검출하지 못하게 되는 상황이 발생하나, 능동 방식 중 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 AFD와 RPV 방식에서는 인버터 전류제어를 통해 미소한 왜곡을 주입하여 전력평형상태에서도 단독운전시에 연계점 전압의 주파수를 변동시켜 단독운전검출이 가능하다. 이 두 방식은 기준신호에 주입하는 왜곡형태가 서로 다르지만 이로 인해서 무효 전력성분이 발생한다는 측면에서는 두 방식이 같다고 볼 수 있으며, 무효전력 성분의 비율을 같도록 설계하면 같은 양의 주파수 변동이 생긴다. IEEE 929-2000 조건하에서 해석 및 실험을 통하여 제안된 해석방식 및 설계법의 타당성 그리고 두 방식의 연관성 등을 검증하였으며, 계통연계시 신뢰도 측면에서 어느 방식이 더 우수한지를 밝혀 향후 단독운전방지를 위한 적합한 방식을 제시하도록 하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.525-526
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• 2006

Recently, much research has been done and many improvements have been developed for islanding protection of distributed generation(DG). Anti-islanding protection for DG must be act very quickly to prevent equipment damage at the time of disconnection and for the safety of maintenance and repair personnel. DG-based detection methods have included both passive and active types, and now research has shifted towards new anti-islanding detection methods that make up for the defects of the previous types. Because differences occur between the utility grid and the DG when connecting and disconnecting depending on the phase difference, voltage, current, relative capacity of electric power, and system operation characteristics, voltage phase angle is an important consideration. In this paper, we simulated islanded operation characteristics comparing phase difference of DG and the connected utility grid, and analyzed various parameters (real power, reactive power, RMS voltage, RMS current, power factor angle, and frequency) by varying the DG's voltage phase angle. Using this information, we propose a suitable DG voltage phase angle for enhanced passive islanding detection techniques.