• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.4529-4532
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• 2013

Background: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) has been widely used to prevent the massive blood loss during hepatic carcinoma. The influences of ANH on coagulation function are still controversy, especially in elderly patients. The study observed ANH effects on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing the disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty elderly patients (aged 60-70 yr) with liver cancer (ASA I or II) taken hepatic carcinectomy from February 2007 to February 2008 were randomly divided into ANH group (n=15) and control group (n=15). After tracheal intubation, patients in ANH group and control group were infused with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) and Ringer's solution, respectively. Blood samples were drawn from patients in both groups at five different time points: before anesthesia induction (T1), 30 min after ANH (T2), 1 h after start of operation (T3), immediately after operation (T4), and 24 h after operation (T5). Then coagulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), prothrombin fragment (F1+2), and platelet membrane glycoprotein (CD62P and activated GP IIb/GP IIIa) were measured. Results: The perioperative blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were recorded during the surgery. The perioperative blood loss was not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05), but the volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in ANH group was significantly less than in control group ($350.0{\pm}70.7$) mL vs. ($457.0{\pm}181.3$) mL (p<0.01). Compared with the data of T1, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) measured after T3 were significantly longer (p<0.05) in both groups, but within normal range. There were no significant changes of thrombin time (TT) and D-dimer between two groups at different time points (p>0.05). SFMC and F1+2 increased in both groups, but were not statistically significant. PAC-1-positive cells and CD62P expressions in patients of ANH group were significantly lower than those at T1 (p<0.05) and T2-T5 (p>0.05). Conclusions: ANH has no obvious impact on fibrinolysis and coagulation function in elderly patients undergoing resection of liver cancer. The study suggested that ANH is safe to use in elderly patients and it could reduce allogeneic blood transfusion.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2012

항혈전 효능을 탐색하기 위하여 한약재의 호장근 추출물로 혈전 용해능 활성과 혈액 응고시간 지연효과 즉 PT(prothrombin time), APTT(activated partial thromboplastin time)와 혈소판 응집억제 활성 등에 대해 항혈전 효능을 평가하였다. 혈전용해도를 측정하는 fibrin plate가 용해되어 형성된 투명환의 넓이를 측정하는 실험을 진행한 결과 혈전 용해도가 농도의존적으로 탁월한 효능을 나타내었다. 혈액응고 cascade에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 혈액 응고시간 지연 및 단축 효과를 확인하고자 APTT와 PT에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 PT의 경우 대조군보다 단축됨을 보였다. APTT의 경우 농도의존적으로 우수한 지연효과를 보였다. 혈소판의 응집에 따라 형성되는 두 전극 사이에 형성된 전기적 저항의 변화로 나타나는 실험을 시행한 결과 호장근의 ADP로 유도한 결과에서 뛰어난 응집억제 활성을 보였다. 따라서 호장근을 향후에 혈전 질환의 치료제 개발에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2006

Objective : This experimental study was carried out to investigate anti-coagulation effects and mechanism of Hongdeung-tang on the dissentimenated intravascular coagulation Methods : Each 10 rats were classified as normal gorup, control group and treated group. The control group was given a 0.5mg/ml endotoxin intra-vein injection and was occurred Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation(DIC). The treated group were orally administrated 1ml Hongdeung-tang concentration once a day for 6 days and then it was treated the same as the control group. We took the blood from heart and were investigated number of Platelet and white blood cell(WBC), fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), interleukin-6(IL-6), Tumor Necrosis $Factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$, Prostaglandin $E2(PGE_2)$ from them. Results : There were a statistically significant increase of platelet and fibrinogen concentration in the treated group compared to the treated group. The PT was a significantly reduced in treated group compared to the control group. There was no significant change in numbers of WBC and APTT between control and treated group. On the contrary, the number of PT, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $PGE_2$ were significantly decreased in treated group compared to the control group. Conclusion : DIC which was occurred by endotoxin intravenous injection seems to related to the increase of IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $PGE_2$ and Hongdeung-tang has an effect that supress those factors. we can assume Hongdeung-tang has an anti-coagulation effect by those supressing effect.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 1996

General pharmacological studies of LB20304a (a mesylate salt form of a new quinolone antibiotic LB20304 following oral administration of 300 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, almost maximum tolerance dose in mice and rat, respectively, were performed in terms of effects on general behaviour, central nervous system, gastrointestinal system, and blood coagulation system in mice and rats. With regards to general behaviour of mice, at oral dose of 300 mg/kg, LB20304a reduced muscle tone and locomotor activity. In terms of CNS, at oral treatment of 300 mg/kg, LB20304a showed some analgesic effects in mice, and oral dose of 1000 mg/kg caused drop in normal body temperature of rat, while it enhanced the pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic convulsion to tonic convulsion and/or death in mice at the doses of unto 300 mg/kg. In addition, LB20304a increased hexobarbital-induced sleeping time two and three times in mice at oral doses of 20 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Rota-rod and traction test in mice were not influenced by the dose of 300 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively. LB20304a reduced gastric secretion of rat at dose of 1000 mg/kg, and increased intestinal motility of mice at dose of 300 mg/kg. In rats, blood coagulation index, such as PT (prothrombin time) and aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) were not affected by the treatment of upto 1000 mg/kg of LB 20304a.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.418-423
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• 2006

Tabanus anticoagulant protein (TAP) was isolated from the whole body of the tabanus, Tabanus bivittatus, using three purification steps (ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-60, and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE Sephadex gel). The purified TAP, with a molecular weight of 65 kDa, was assessed to be homogeneous by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and an isoelectric point of 7.9 was determined by isoelectric focusing. The internal amino acid sequence of the purified protein was composed of Ser-Leu-Asn-Asn-Gln-Phe-Ala-Ser-Phe-lle-Asp-Lys-Val-Arg. The protein was activated by $Cu^{2+}\;and\;Zn^{2+}$, and the optimal conditions were found to be at pH $3\sim6\;and\;40\sim70^{\circ}C$. Standard coagulation screen assays were used to determine thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Chromogenic substrate assays were performed for thrombin and factor Xa activity. TAP considerably prolonged human plasma clotting time, especially activated partial thromboplastin time in a dose-dependent manner; it showed potent and specific antithrombin activity in the chromogenic substrate assay. Specific anti-factor Xa activity in TAP was not detected. Overall, this result suggested that TAP has significant anticoagulant activity on blood coagulation system.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.160-163
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• 2007

Patients often present with spontaneous bleeding, or a bleeding disorder may be discovered when an otherwise healthy dog develops marked bleeding during or after surgery. In this study, we were aimed to elucidate whether the cesarean section in dogs has influence on the coagulation profiles. And we gained the normal data on a panel of screening laboratory tests which allow accurate characterization of a hemostatic defects in dogs. Of the 20 healthy adult dogs, buccal mucosa bleeding time (BMBT) was $83.0{\pm}10.5$ seconds, platelet count was $24.0{\pm}3.5{\times}10^4/{\mu}l$, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was $8.8{\pm}2.0$ seconds, the concentration of fibrinogen was $288.5{\pm}77.9mg/dl$, and the concentration of fibrin degradation products (D-dimer) was <250.0 ng/ml. Coagulation profiles before and after cesarean section of 13 cesarean sectioned dogs were in the normal range and there were no statistical differences in coagulation profiles between normal dogs and cesarean sectioned dogs (p>0.05). The results suggested that labor and cesarean section in healthy dogs did not alter coagulation profiles.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol resulting form the weight-reduction process of polyester make trouble in the operation of activated sludge process. Also, polyester weight loss wastewater shows high pH, high organic strength and wide variation of organic loading. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to improve treatment efficiency by activated sludge process with Pseudomonas sp degrading components of polyester weight loss wastewater. The CO $D_{Mn}$ and BO $S_{5}$ of the waste wastewater were 560~3,000 mg/$\ell$ and 8000~3,000 mg/$\ell$, respectively. pH was 11.8~12.3. COD removal efficiency by activated sludge-coagulation process with Pseudomonas sp was 94.1~95.8% for 35 hr of hydraulic retention time. Total organic carbon removal efficiency was 97.1%. Ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid in the wastewater were completely degraded during 32 hr of hydraulic retention time.e.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2014

Enzymatic oxidation of pyrogallol was efficiently transformed to an oxidative product, purpurogallin (PPG). Here, the anticoagulant activities of PPG were examined by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and the activities of thrombin and activated factor X (FXa). And, the effects of PPG on expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were evaluated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with PPG resulted in prolonged aPTT and PT and inhibition of the activities of thrombin and FXa, as well as inhibited production of thrombin and FXa in HUVECs. In addition, PPG inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and platelet aggregation. PPG also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice. In addition, treatment with PPG resulted in significant reduction of the PAI-1 to t-PA ratio. Collectively, PPG possesses antithrombotic activities and offers a basis for development of a novel anticoagulant.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine clinically useful biochemical markers reflecting disease activity and/or gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement in Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP). Methods: A total of 185 children with HSP and 130 controls were included. Laboratory data indicating inflammation, standard coagulation, and activated coagulation were analyzed for the HSP patients, including measurements of the hemoglobin level, white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen, D-dimer, and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels. The clinical scores of the skin, joints, abdomen, and kidneys were assessed during the acute and convalescence phases of HSP. Results: The WBC count, ANC, ESR, and CRP, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and FDP levels were significantly higher in the acute phase compared with the convalescent phase of HSP (p<0.05). The total clinical scores were more strongly correlated with the D-dimer (r=0.371, p<0.001) and FDP (r=0.369, p<0.001) levels than with inflammatory markers, such as the WBC count (r=0.241, p=0.001), ANC (r=0.261, p<0.001), and CRP (r=0.260, p<0.001) levels. The patients with GI symptoms had significantly higher ANC (median [interquartile range], 7,138.0 [4,446.4-9,470.0] vs. 5,534.1 [3,263.0-8,153.5], p<0.05) and CRP (0.49 [0.15-1.38] vs. 0.23 [0.01-0.67], p<0.05), D-dimer (2.63 [1.20-4.09] vs. 1.75 [0.62-3.39]), and FDP (7.10 [0.01-13.65] vs. 0.10 [0.01-7.90], p<0.05) levels than those without GI symptoms. Conclusion: D-dimer and FDPs are more strongly associated with disease activity and more consistently reflect GI involvement than inflammatory markers during the acute phase of HSP.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2017

전기응집 공정은 MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor) 공정의 막 오염을 해결하기 위한 일환으로 응용되고 있다. 본 연구는 전기응집 공정의 중요한 운전변수인 전류밀도와 접촉시간에 따른 활성슬러지의 특성 변화에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 전류밀도를 2.5, 12, $24A/m^2$로, 접촉시간은 0, 2, 6 hr로 변화시켜 가며 활성슬러지의 특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 전류밀도 $24A/m^2$ 조건에서 6시간 동안 MLSS는 6,800에서 7,000 mg/L로 3% 증가하였고, MLVSS는 6,280에서 6,300 mg/L로 큰 변화가 없었다. 다른 전류밀도 조건 하에서도 동일한 경향이 관찰되었다. COD는 전류밀도가 $24A/m^2$일 때 71에서 37 mg/L로 감소하였고, $12A/m^2$일 때는 113에서 67 mg/L로, $2.5A/m^2$일 때는 84에서 80 mg/L로 감소하였다. 반면 TN과 TP는 전반적으로 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. Soluble-EPS와 Bound-EPS는 전류밀도가 증가할수록 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 전기응집을 거친 활성슬러지로 막 여과를 수행하여 여과성능이 개선되는지 평가하였다. 전기응집을 수행하지 않은 대조군에 비해 총여과저항 ($R_t$)이 6~61% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 전류밀도와 접촉시간이 증가할수록 막 여과 저항이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 전기응집 공정이 MBR 공정의 막 여과 성능 개선에 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.