• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1991

This study was devised to observe the inhibitory effect of 7 kinds of the acidic polysaccharide fraction(PGI, PGa, PG3, PGa, PGs, PG6 and PG7) from Korean white ginseng on a lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L. Toxohormone-L is a lipolytic factor, found in ascites fluid of .sarcoma -180 bearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. A substace that inhibited the lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L was isolated from white ginseng powder. This substance was an acidic polysaccharides. In vitro test showed that the inhibitory effect of PGs fraction of the lipolysis by Toxohormone-L was highest percent among other treatments at concentration of 50, 10, 200, 500 and 1,000 Ug/ml of reaction mixture. And total inhibitory activity(units) of PGI and PG4 was highest among other treatments at the same concentration and that of 10 Ug/ml.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1992

This study was devised to observe the inhibitory effect of 7 kinds PG(PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, PG5, PG6 and PG7) and of 5 kinds PG4(PG41, PG42, PG43, PG44 and PG45) of the acidic polysaccharide fraction from Korean red ginseng on a lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L. Toxohormone-L is a lipolytic factor, found in ascites fluid. of sarcoma-180 bearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. A substance that inhibited the lipolytic action of toxohormone-L was isolated from red ginseng powder. This substance was an acidic polysaccharides In vitro test showed that the inhibitory effect of PG4 and PG43 fraction of the lipolysis by Toxohormone-L was highest percent among other treatments at concentration of 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1,000ug/ml of reaction mixture. And total inhibitory activity(units) of PG1 and PG4, and PG4 s was highest among other treatments at the same concentration.

• 생약학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in seasonal bioactive components of 4 and 6 years old fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng) and to provide basic information on the development of functional food using fresh ginseng. Seasonal changes were investigated by ginseng saponin analysis using HPLC method and acidic polysaccharides by carbazole sulfuric acid method. Total saponins showed the highest content of fresh ginseng collected in May, followed by March, July, and September. Fresh ginseng collected in May showed 2.5 times (4 years old) - 3.0 times (6 years old) higher than fresh ginseng collected in September. Acidic polysaccharides showed high content of fresh ginseng collected in March and September, and low content of fresh ginseng collected in May and July. From these results, the fresh ginseng collected in May can develop high concentrations of saponin. On the other hand, fresh ginseng collected in March and September is thought to be able to develop high concentration products of acidic polysaccharides.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.915-923
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• 2017

홍삼 제조 부산물인 홍삼박은 항산화 등 생리활성을 보여 줌에 따라 건강기능식품 소재로의 가능성이 높아가고 잇다. 본 연구에서는 홍삼박으로 부터 조산성다당체 추출 하고 다당체중에서 항산화능을 보여주는 산성다당체를 분리 및 정제를 하였다. 계속해서 FT-IR 및 NMR을 이용하여 분자구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 산성다당체의 추출은 10%(w/v) 홍삼박 용액을 원심분리기를 이용하여 불순물을 제거하고 ethanol, methanol, propanol, acetone 및 butanol을 이용하여 최적 용매를 선정하였고, 선정된 용매 ethanol을 이용하여 홍삼박 농도별 추출을 수행하였다. 산성다당체 추출 수율(11.95%) 및 양(11.8 mg/mL) 을 비교한 결과 홍삼박 용액 농도, 10%(w/v)를 최적 농도로 선정을 하였다. 이온교한수지를 이용하여 추출된 조산성다당체로부터 가장 높은 항산화 특성을 보여주는 산성다당체는 증류수로 용출된 다당체이다. 계속해서 구조분석 결과 C-O, C-O-O-, 및 C-H 결합들과 anomeric C-6의 피크가 나타났고 C-1과 C-6의 피크들이 동일한 강도를 나타내는 것으로 보아 ($1{\rightarrow}6$) glycosidic 결합이 존재함을 보여주어 전형적인 산성다당체의 특성 보여주었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2008

홍삼의 분말화가 홍삼성분의 추출에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보기 위하여 기존의 홍삼동체로부터 유용성분을 추출하는 방법과 홍삼을 분말화하여 추출하는 방법을 비교 시험하였다. 서로 다른 입도분포를 가지는 3종의 홍삼분말 ($10{\sim}40$, $40{\sim}100$, 100 mesh 이상)을 제조한 후 원형홍삼 및 홍삼분말을 이용하여 48시간 추출실험을 한 결과 입도의 크기가 가장 큰 $10{\sim}40$ mesh 홍삼분말이 가장 높은 추출수율을 나타내었다. 특히 짧은 추출시간 (12시간)대에서 원형홍삼과 비교하여 큰 수율차이를 보였다. 홍삼의 분말화가 일반적인 연속추출방법에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 3차의 용매변경 연속추출방법(1차 추출: $70^{\circ}C$ 에탄올 12시간, 2차 추출: $70^{\circ}C$ 에탄올 12시간, 3차 추출: $70^{\circ}C$ 열수 12시간)을 이용하여 추출을 수행한 결과 3차 추출까지 끝낸 상태에서의 고형분 추출수율은 $10{\sim}40$ mesh 홍삼분말이 36.2%로서 원형삼의 29.9%에 비해 약 20% 이상의 수율 증가를 보이는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 홍삼분말 추출물내의 유용성분 분석결과 조사포닌, 총사포닌 모두 $10{\sim}40$ mesh 홍삼분말에서 추출수율이 가장 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 조사포닌의 경우 $10{\sim}40$ mesh 홍삼분말 추출물의 수율이 2.6%로서 원형삼 추출물의 1.77%보다 약 47% 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. HPLC를 이용한 사포닌 조성분석결과 모든 홍삼분말 추출물들이 비슷한 사포닌 조성을 나타낸 것으로 미루어 보아 분말화에 의한 사포닌 조성 변성은 일어나지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 홍삼내의 다른 유용성분인 산성다당체의 경우에는 기존 원형홍삼에 비해 분말화된 홍삼들의 추출수율이 높아졌으며 가장 미세 분쇄된 100 mesh 이상의 홍삼분말에서 2.9%의 추출수율을 보여 원형삼 추출액의 1.37%에 비해 2배이상 높은 추출수율을 나타내었다. 본 결과는 추출공정에 분말화된 홍삼을 이용할 경우 추출시간의 단축 및 홍삼성분의 추출효율을 높일 수 있음을 시사하는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1324-1326
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• 2004

In previous studies, we isolated an isogenic LPS mutant of Bradyrhizobium japonicum 61A101C, which was completely devoid of O-polysaccharide and had altered cell surface characteristics. Subsequently, the mutated gene was identified, cloned, and used to complement the LPS mutant strain JS314 to restore the phenotype. Since it has been reported that in Escherichia coli LPS O-polysaccharide is involved in resistance to an organic acid such as acetic acid under low pH (Barna et al., Molecular Microbiology 43: 629-640, 2002), we compared the organic acid resistance of the three B. japonicum strains; wild-type 61A101C, the LPS mutant JS314, and the complemented strain to determine whether the role of O-polysaccharide in the resistance to organic acid could be generalized. Growth of all three strains was inhibited by the presence of 3 mM acetic acid under acidic condition (pH 5.5). To our surprise, however, in the presence of 2 mM acetic acid, wild-type and the complemented strains did not grow while the $LPS^-$ mutant showed a significant growth. Therefore, unlike in E. coli, the lack of O­polysaccharide of LPS appears to render B. japonicum more resistant to organic acid.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1990

We have been isolating various physiologically active substances from non-saponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng. These are adenosine, pyre-glutamic acid, dencichine and acidic polysaccharide. Adenosine and pyre-glutamic acid are known to inhibit epinephrine-induced lipolysis in fat cells and stimulate the insulin-mediated lipogenesis. In addition to these actions, adenosine was found to inhibit both norepinephrine- and histamine-induced aorta constriction, and pyre·glutamic acid inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme. Dencichine stimulated histamine-induced aorta constriction. Finally, acidic polysaccharide was found to inhibit both lipolytic and anorexigenic actions of Toxohormone-L. Based on these experimental results, I presented a briefreview on these compounds isolated from non-saponin fraction of Korea Red Ginseng.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.821-828
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• 2015

ASW0 is a polysaccharide derived from the perennial herb Aster scaber Thunberg. We isolated ASW0, a fraction of crude polysaccharide, by means of ethanol precipitation and dialysis after hot water extraction to investigate its physicochemical properties and immunostimulatory effects. ASW0 contains neutral sugar (45.7%), acidic sugar (51.6%), protein (2.3%), and 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octonate (KDO) (0.4%). The neutral sugar in ASW0 (in mole percentage) was mainly composed of arabinose (34.5 mol%), glucose (31.1 mol%), galactose (14.9 mol%), and rhamnose (8.1 mol%), which are characteristic of pectic polysaccharides. ASW0 also contained small amounts of xylose, mannose, and fucose. The anti-complementary activity of ASW-0 was similar to that of polysaccharide K (used as positive control). ASW0 exhibited no cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages and dramatically increased nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose dependent manner ($0.3{\sim}30{\mu}g/mL$). Also, macrophages stimulated with ASW0 showed enhanced production of immunostimulatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that the ASW0 have a potent immunostimulatory effect and can be used as a natural immune health ingredient.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

Chemical properties of spray-dried powders separated based on molecular weight from crude protein binding polysaccharide (CP-SD) of Agraricus blazei were examined. Contents of ${\beta}$-glucan in SD-1, SD-2 and SD-3 were 18.67%, 48.24%, and 37.15% respectively, and SD-2 (10-150 kDa) showed the highest molecular weight. Obtained ${\beta}$-glucans were not pure glucan, but was determined to be an acidic proteo-heteroglycan with a large amount of glucose (74.46-80.05%), galactose (8.91-15.2%), and mannose (4.9-5.46%). Composition of their amino acids was mainly aspartic and glutamic acids. FT-IR spectrum revealed SD-1, SD-2 and SD-3 were structures of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucans and ${\alpha}$-1,6-glucans at 890 and 930 $cm^{-1}$, respectively, signals of ${\alpha}$-1,6-glucans for CP-SD was not found. Useful CP-SD was recovered from A. blazei for preparation of three powder types as food materials.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.820-825
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• 1999

A bacterial strain WN9, which produced a new type of extracellular polysaccharide, was isolated from soil samples. By morphological, physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic studies, strain WN9 was identified as a Paenibacillus sp. and it was named as Paenibacillus sp. WN9, which produced a high molecular extracellular polysaccharide from glucose. The molecular weight of the exopolysaccharide (EPS-WN9) was estimated to be about 31.5 mega-Da. The FT-IR spectrum of EPS-WN9 revealed typical characteristics of polysaccharides. EPS- WN9 consisted of D-glucose and D-mannose with a molar ratio of 1:1.4 being identified as a neutral sugar component. The acidic component of EPS- WN9 was tyrosine. Rheological analysis of EPS- WN9 revealed that the pseudoplastic property and its apparent viscosity remained stable at various temperatures and pHs.