• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 1981

In order to confirm the exact antipyretic component in the earthworm, etherial extract of American earthworm(Red Worm) was fractionated into five fractions by using silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The fraction including free fatty acids was found to possess artipyretic response and standard arachidonic acid showed marked antipyretic response on typhoid vaccinated rabbits. Arachidonic acid was identified from the free fatty acid fraction of the earthworm by using gas liquid chromatography. Thus it was considered that the antipyretic activity of the free fatty acid may be due to the presence of arachidonic acid. Lipid-free earthworm powder was extracted with phosphate buffer (pH, 8.0, 0.1M) and all the proteins was salted out by ammonium sulfate. The crude precipitate was dialyzed and the impure proteins were eliminated at pH 5.4 and 4.6. The remaining protein solution was fractionated with various concentrations of acetone. The acetone fractions were identified by using S.D.S. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and disc gel electrophoresis. The precipitate at 85% acetone concentration and the remaining proteins in the supernatant did not exhibit the antipyretic activity.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.30 no.10
• /
• pp.879-889
• /
• 2021

This study characterizes the volatile aromatic and metabolite components of domestic native Apocynum lancifolium blossom. The accurate characterization of fragrances collected from the blossom was carried out using gas chromatography-mass. A total of 70 chemical components were identified, including ketones of acetophenone (29.22%), phenylethyl alcohol (10.54%), methyl-benzenemethanol (8.43%), benzyl alcohol (7.97%), natural bicyclic sesquiterpene types of caryophyllene (6.08%), gurjunene (6.20%), humulene (1.90%), and ocimene (1.04%). Overall, the content of ketones, alcohols, and terpenes was higher than that of others. The major metabolite components were pentanoic acid, malic acid, fructofuranoside, quinic acid, tagatose, sorbose, galactose, inositol, galactaric acid, glucopyranoside, and octadecenoic acid.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.758-769
• /
• 2023

The main aim of this study was to determine python fat's several physicochemical properties, including dimensions, color, structure, acid value (AV), saponification value (SV), density, and recovery efficiency. The optimum yield obtained was approximately 80.40% at 180℃ for 60 min with an AV of 0.3366 and SV of 179.56 mg KOH/g. Fatty acids, comprising oleic acid (72.462%), palmitic acid (26.243%), linolenic acid (0.835%), and myristic acid (0.459%), were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The python fat had a very weak antioxidant capacity and almost no antibacterial ability with gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus - ATCC 25923 and Bacillus cereus - ATCC 10876) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli - ATCC 25922 and Salmonella enterica - ATCC 35664) bacteria (used the paper disc diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing). Moreover, python fat is considered to be very resistant to high temperatures.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 1998

The authors attempted utilization of fatty acid composition of vibrios as a tool for identification of the strains. Fatty acid of 49 strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, V. cholerae O1, V mimicus, V vulinificus and V parahaemolyticus was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography column. According to the statistical analysis of the fatty acid data, the relationship between the Vibrio species and serotypes of the strains was discussed. Forty one kinds of fatty acid were detected from the tested strains and 35 kinds of fatty acids among the detected fatty acids were significant factors to identify the vibrios. The predominant fatty acids were 16:0, 16:1 cis 9, 18:1 trans 9/6/cis 11 and 15:0 iso 2OH/16:1 cis 9 as above about 20% in total. Fatty acid compositions of the Vibrio species were an important factor in identifying their subspecies either predominant fatty acids or minor ones. According to the analysed results by a conventional statistical processing method (UPGMA) and prepared dendrogram, V cholerae non-01 had more closer relationship with V. mimicus compared with V. cholerae 01. Moreover, the distribution of hydroxy acid was a significant factor for identifying V cholerae subspecies. Comprising all the 10 serotypes detected from V. cholerae non-01 examined such as O2, O5, O8, O10, O14, O27, O37, O39, O45 and O69, we could group them into seven subspecies by cluster analysis with the similarity value of fatty acid composition as above 92%. It means that there is a significant relationship between serotypes and fatty acid composition of V. cholerae. These results indicated that numerical analysis of fatty acid composition data of V cholerae non-01 could classifY them into subspecies, and also which may provide a useful epidemiologic information or a basis for further analysis such as PCR and DNA probe analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 1992

Water extract, and free-, ester- and insoluble phenolic acids were extracted from wormwoods. The extracts were then dissolved in equal amounts of an edible soybean oil, and the resulting substrates, portion of the soybean oil (control), 0.02% BHA and 0.02% BHT were stored in incubator at $45^{\circ}C{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ for 32days. Peroxide values (POV) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values of control and the substrates were determined during th9 storage period. The POV of control, BHA, BHT and six substrates which were contained water extracts 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%, and free-, ester- and insoluble phenolic acids after 24days of storage were 77, 43, 17, 38, 26, 34, 45, 28 and 16m mole/kg oil respectively, The TBA values after 32days of storage were 0.278, 0.170, 0.070, 0.200, 0.178, 0.235, 0.167, 0.136, 0.062, respectively, It was found that the antioxidant activity in water extracts was highest in water 1 (the substrates containing water extracts 1%). It was also found that antioxidant activities in the phenolic acids were decreased in the following order ; insoluble phenolic acids>ester form>free phenolic acids. The phenolic acids separated and tentatively identified by Gas chromatography were catechol, vanillin, umbelliferone, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid and syringic acid.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.66 no.2
• /
• pp.310-325
• /
• 2024

Glyconutrients help in the body's cell communication. Glyconutrients and synbiotics are promising options for improving immune function. Therefore, we hypothesized that combining synbiotics and glyconutrients will enhance pig nutrient utilization. 150 pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc), initially weighing 58.85 ± 3.30 kg of live body weight (BW) were utilized to determine the effects of synbiotics-glyconutrients (SGN) on the pigs' performance, feed efficiency, gas emission, pork traits, and composition of fatty acids. The pigs were matched by BW and sex and chosen at random to 1 of 3 diet treatments: control = Basal diet; TRT1 = Basal diet + SGN 0.15%; TRT2 = Basal diet + SGN 0.30%%. The trials were conducted in two phases (weeks 1-5 and weeks 5-10). The average daily gain was increased in pigs fed a basal diet with SGN (p = 0.036) in weeks 5-10. However, the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and gross energy did not differ among the treatments (p > 0.05). Dietary treatments had no effect on NH₃, H₂S, methyl mercaptans, acetic acids, and CO₂ emissions (p > 0.05). Improvement in drip loss on day 7 (p = 0.053) and tendency in the cooking loss were observed (p = 0.070) in a group fed basal diets and SGN at 0.30% inclusion level. The group supplemented with 0.30% of SGN had higher levels of palmitoleic acid (C16:1), margaric acid (C17:0), omega-3 fatty acid, omega-6 fatty acid, and ω-6: ω-3 ratio (p = 0.034, 0.020, 0.025, 0.007, and 0.003, respectively) in the fat of finishing pigs. Furthermore, group supplemented with 0.30% of SGN improved margaric acid (C17:0), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), arachidic acid (C20:0), omega 6 fatty acid, omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, unsaturated fatty acid, and monounsaturated fatty acid (p = 0.037, 0.05, 0.0142, 0.036, 0.033, 0.020, and 0.045, respectively) in the lean tissues of finishing pigs compared to pigs fed with the control diets. In conclusion, the combination of probiotics, prebiotics, and glyconutrients led to higher average daily gain, improved the quality of pork, and more favorable fatty acid composition. Therefore, these results contributed to a better understanding of the potential of SGN combinations as a feed additive for pigs.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.08a
• /
• pp.377-382
• /
• 2004

This paper presents a novel optimization method for the air- and gas-supplying network comprised of several air compression systems and air and gas streams in an industrial chemical plant. The optimization is based on the hybrid model developed by Han and $Han^1$ for predicting the power consumption of a compression system. A constrained optimization problem was formulated to minimize the total electric power consumption of all the compression systems in the air- and gas-supplying network under various operating constraints and was solved using a successive quadratic optimization algorithm. The optimization approach was applied to an industrial terephthalic acid manufacturing plant to achieve about 10% reduction in the total electric power consumption under varying ambient conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.07a
• /
• pp.1073-1075
• /
• 2001

The nitrogen oxides, NO and NO2, abbreviated usually as NOx, emitted from combustion facilities such as power plants and automobiles are the typical air-pollutants causing acid rain and photochemical smog. In order to solve the NOx-related pollution problems effectively, we need efficient techniques to monitor NOx in the combustion exhausts and in environments. Development of solid-state electrochemical devices for detecting NOx is demonstrated based on various combination of solid electrolytes and auxiliary sensing materials. The object of this research is to develop various sensor performance for solid state amperometric sensor, and to test gas sensor performance manufactured. So we try to present a guidance for developing amperometric gas sensor. We concentrated on development of manufacturing process and performance test.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1995.09a
• /
• pp.21-22
• /
• 1995

Gas separation science and technology is among the most rapidly growing areas involving membrane-based processes. Nitrogen enrichment of air, hydrogen recovery from a broad array of stream types, and removal of acid gases from natural gases are typical of the applications in this field. Great progress has been made in the discovery of guidelines optimization of polymer structures with simultaneously high permeabilities and selectivities for these important gas pairs. The development of thin-skinned asymmetric hollow fibers have also provided structures with extremely high permeation fluxes. Especially in the case of O$_{2}$/N$_{2}$ separations, the rate of improvements in new polymeric materials for gas separations appears to be slowing to a halt. Evidence will be presented, however, that the practical tradeoff between membrane permeability and selectivity has not been reached.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.222-225
• /
• 2002

The nitrogen oxides, NO and NO2, abbreviated usually as NOx, emitted from combustion facilities such as power plants and automobiles are the typical air-pollutants causing acid rain and photochemical smog. In order to solve the NOx-related pollution problems effectively, we need efficient techniques to monitor NOx in the combustion exhausts and in environments. Development of solid-state electrochemical devices for detecting NOx is demonstrated based on various combination of solid electrolytes and auxiliary sensing materials. The object of this research is to develop various sensor performance for solid state amperometric sensor, and to test gas sensor performance manufactured. So we try to present a guidance for developing amperometric gas sensor.