• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.590-599
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• 2006

Disordered streams cause two issues in processing sliding windows: i) how to place input tuples into a buffer in an increasing order efficiently and ii) how to determine a time point to process the windows from input tuples in the buffer. To address these issues, we propose a structure and method of operators for processing sliding windows. We first present a structure of the operators using an index to handle input tuples efficiently. Then, we propose a method to determine the time point to process the windows, which is called a mean-based estimation. In the proposed method, users can describe parameters required for estimation in a query specification, which provides a way for users to control the properties of query results such as the accuracy or the response time according to application requirements. Our experimental results show that the mean-based estimation provides better adaptivity and stability than the one used in the existing method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.5945-5949
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• 2014

The rural population is aging and farmers need to aim for mass production. This study examined the work efficiency of clamping and protecting crops. Strong winds are a risk for damage, but there are no reports of studies of the geometric design problem for vegetation. The accuracy of the simulation to obtain a load applied to the actual support and index was examined. The model was selected according to its strength based on the reliability of the simulation. Also acts in force of 0.1N to 0.6N, which can withstand the force of 1.29N with the results of this thesis research. The fixed clamp fixing for agricultural crops designed as a support was examined. These results are expected to help shorten working hours, and improve the growth of crops and disaster prevention.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.267-272
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• 2016

Microscope cell image is an important indicator for obtaining the biological information in a bio-informatics fields. Since human observers have been examining the cell image with microscope, a lot of time and high concentration are required to analyze cell images. Furthermore, It is difficult for the human eye to quantify objectively features in cell images. In this study, we developed HCS algorithm for automatic analysis of cell image using an OpenCV library. HCS algorithm contains the cell image preprocessing, cell counting, cell cycle and mitotic index analysis algorithm. We used human cancer cell (MKN-28) obtained by the confocal laser microscope for image analysis. We compare the value of cell counting to imageJ and to a professional observer to evaluate our algorithm performance. The experimental results showed that the average accuracy of our algorithm is 99.7%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.76-85
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• 2010

In general, anesthetic depth is evaluated by experience of anesthesiologist based on the changes of blood pressure and pulse rate. So it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy in evaluation of anesthetic depth. The efforts to develop the objective index for evaluation of anesthetic depth were continued but there was few progression in this area. Heart rate variability provides much information of autonomic activity of cardiovascular system and almost all anesthetics depress the autonomic activity. Novel monitoring system which can simply and exactly analyze the autonomic activity of cardiovascular system will provide important information for evaluation of anesthetic depth. We investigated the anesthetic depth as following 7 stages. These are pre-anesthesia, induction, skin incision, before extubation, after extubation, Post-anesthesia. In this study, temporal, frequency and chaos analysis method were used to analyze the HRV time series from electrocardiogram signal. There were NN10-NN50, mean, SDNN and RMS parameter in the temporal method. In the frequency method, there are LF and HF and LF/HF ratio, 1/f noise, alphal and alpha2 of DFA analysis parameter. In the chaos analysis, there are CD, entropy and LPE. Chaos analysis method was valuable to estimate the anesthetic depth compared with temporal and frequency method. Because human body was involved the choastic character.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Everyday congestion length (distance) and duration (time) data are collected and recorded in Expressway Traffic Information Center. These records are based on the information that the operators watch CCTV and decide traffic condition in order to present information about congestion on VMS. Using VMS message has some merits like that it doesn't need a great lot of cost to construct hardware such like FTMS because operators can check traffic condition by watching CCTV only. Of cause in the aspect of accuracy, using VMS message has the limitation that it is based on subject decision compared with FTMS. However, it can be said that the value of using VMS message is very large. The object of this study is to use the VMS information record (log file) usefully to provide information of traffic condition on expressway for users (drivers) without keeping the VMS information record in dead storage. To do so, in this research, congestion calculation method able to understand traffic congestion condition on expressway was developed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.873-879
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• 2005

Impact and process evaluations were performed in order to verify the effectiveness of a public health nutrition program developed for child-bearing aged women in Korea. Participants included 58 high school girls who were divided into two groups. Each group received four 50 - 60 minute nutrition education lectures regarding healthy eating, osteoporosis, constipation and nutrition labeling in every two weeks. Each session took 50- 60 minutes. Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a significant increase of degree of perception (p = 0.0004) , but no change in degree of accuracy after implementation (p = 0.9522) . Nutrition education was also effective in attitude change, showing more participants were ready to change their eating behaviors in terms of meal regularity (p = 0.0455) and less processed food intake (p =0.0143) . After implementing nutrition education, effective behavioral changes were observed in milk consumption (p =0.0037) and meal regularity (p = 0.0882) as well as daily activity such as stair use (p = 0.0701) . However, nutrition education had no effect on body mass index and perceived health status. In process evaluation conducted by a 9 item questionnaire, grand mean score was $4.17 \pm$0.72 out of 5. Proportion of items with scores higher than 4 ranged $68-91\%$. These results suggest that the nutrition education program used in this study was effective and useful. For a wider use of this program, more research was recommend for a strategy development of program diffuse. (Korean J Nutrition 38(10): 873$\sim$879,2005)

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

It is necessary to develop an integration model which can account for various data acquired at different measurement scales in environmental thematic mapping with high-resolution ground survey data and relatively low-resolution remote sensing data. This paper presents and applies a multi-scale geostatistical methodology for downscaling of thematic maps generated from lowresolution remote sensing data. This methodology extends a traditional ordinary kriging system to a block kriging system which can account for both ground data and remote sensing data which can be regarded as point and block data, respectively. In addition, stochastic simulation based on block kriging is also applied to describe spatial uncertainty attached to the downscaling. Two downscaling experiments including SRTM DEM and MODIS Leaf Area Index (LAI) products were carried out to illustrate the applicability of the geostatistical methodology. Through the experiments, multi-scale geostatistics based on block kriging successfully generated relatively high-resolution thematic maps with reliable accuracy. Especially, it is expected that multiple realizations generated from simulation would be effectively used as input data for investigating the effects of uncertain input data on GIS model outputs.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.509-519
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• 2017

Crop simulation models are valuable tools for estimating crop yield, environmental factors and management practices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil types on barley productivity using CERES (Crop Environment REsource Synthesis)-barley, cropping system model. So the behavior of the model under various soil types and climatic conditions was evaluated. The results of the sensitivity analysis in temperature, $CO_2$, and precipitation showed that soil types had a direct impact on the simulated yield of CERES-barley model. We found that barley yield in clay soils would be more sensitive to precipitation and $CO_2$ in comparison with temperature. And the model showed limited accuracy in simulating water and nitrogen stress index for soil types. In general, the barley grown on clay soils were less sensitive to water stress than those grown on sandy soils. Especially it was found that the CERES model underestimated the effect of water stress in high precipitation which led to overprediction of crop yield in clay soils. In order to solve these problems and successfully forecast grain yield, further studies on the modification of the water stress response of crops should be considered prior to use of the CERES-barley model for yield forecasting.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.449-459
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• 2021

More than 80 % of agricultural reservoirs are old facilities over 50 years old, and safety and function declines occur. As a result, safety accidents such as the collapse of the reservoir have occurred. Precise safety diagnosis is conducted in advance to prevent accidents such as reservoir collapse, and Water resources facility improvement project are implemented based on priority. However, the priority of the business is selected based on the subjective judgment of the facility manager. In this study, we set 80 hypotheses based on the results of precision safety diagnosis and decision-making examples of existing Water resources facility improvement project and selected 45 variables using correlation analysis and significance test. Using logistic regression analysis, the final 21 variables were selected and a decision support model was presented, and the classification accuracy of the model was 86.8 %. In this research, the part that presented the quantitative index for decision support when selecting the Water resources facility improvement project has important significance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.2900-2922
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• 2021

In this paper, the power spectral density(PSD) for Multilevel Minimum Shift Keyed signal with modulation index h = 1/2 (M-ary MSK) are derived using the mathematical method of the Markov Chain model. At first, according to an essential requirement of the phase continuity characteristics of MSK signals, a complete model of the whole process of signal generation is built. Then, the derivations for autocorrelation functions are carried out precisely. After that, we verified the correctness and accuracy of the theoretical derivation by comparing the derived results with numerical simulations using MATLAB. We also divided the spectrum into four components according to the derivation. By analyzing these figures in the graphic, each component determines the characteristics of the spectrum. It is vital for enhanced spectral characteristics. To more visually represent the energy concentration of the main flap and the roll-down speed of the side flap, the specific out-of-band power of M-ary MSK is given. OMLCD(Optimum Maximum Likelihood Coherent Detection) of M-ary MSK is adopted to compare the signal received with prepared in advance in a code element T to go for the best. And M-ary MSK BER(Bit Error Rate) is compared with the same ary PSK (Phase Shift Keying) with M=2,4,6,8. The results show the detection method could improve performance by increasing the length of L(memory inherent) in the phase continuity.