• 제목/요약/키워드: accumulated temperatures

검색결과 94건 처리시간 0.027초

Genetic variation of sensitivity to photoperiod and accumulated temperature in soybean mini core collection lines

  • Islam, Md Rasadul;Fujita, Daisuke;Zheng, Shao-Hui
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.77-77
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    • 2017
  • The sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature give guidance to choose an adaptable genotype for specific area in soybean production. However, there is insufficient information about the variation of sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature with wide genetic background. We investigated the sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature using 82 soybean mini core collection lines provided by NIAS gene bank of Japan. The seeds were sown on 28 May and 4 August in 2015, 24 May and 5 August in 2016 at field in Saga, Japan ($33^{\circ}$ 14' 32'' N, $130^{\circ}$ 17' 28'' E) for the early (average photoperiod and temperature: 15.2 h and $25.1^{\circ}C$) and late (13.6 h and $27.2^{\circ}C$) sowing respectively. The plants were also grown in the growth chamber under 12 h photoperiod with three temperature regimes (day/night temperature: $25/18^{\circ}C$, $28/22^{\circ}C$ and $33/28^{\circ}C$). Emergence date, days to first flower were recorded with 10 plants in the field and 2 plants in the growth chamber for each line. The data for daily average temperatures and photoperiodic hours were collected from weather station. The days from emergence to first flower open (DEF) were varied from 23-92 (2015 and 2016) in early sowing whereas 18-68 (2015) and 18-59 (2016) in late sowing. The shortened DEF in late sowing could be caused by both short photoperiod and high temperature in late sowing. However, the accumulated temperatures during emergence to first flower open (ATEF) were less variable in comparison with DEF, suggesting the ATEF is dependent mostly on the photoperiod. The ATEF were found same between early and late sowing in some early flowering lines (e.g. $686.7^{\circ}C$ and $687.6^{\circ}C$ in HEUKDAELIPS, $728.8^{\circ}C$ and $706.3^{\circ}C$ in WILLIAMS'82) which indicated that these would be insensitive to day length. In the growth chamber experiment, the variation in both DEF and ATEF was a little greater at low temperature ($25/18^{\circ}C$) but almost same at middle ($28/22^{\circ}C$) and high ($33/28^{\circ}C$) temperatures. Since the less differences in ATEF were found between the three temperatures, it is suggested that the temperature plays only a quantitative effect on the flower initiation, and the large ATEF in some lines may indicate the stronger photosensitivity even at 12 h or longer juvenile phase. Some lines with the lowest ATEF regardless of growth conditions, such as FISKEBY V, KE 32 (ATEF: 559.6-666.5, 587.7-709.5) might lack the sensitivities to both photoperiod and temperature. The results suggested that soybean genotypes has wider variation in sensitivity to photoperiod, whereas less variation to temperature.

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5' Processing of RNA I in an Escherichia coli Strain Carrying the rnpA49 Mutation

  • Jung, Young-Hwan;Park, Jung-Won;Kim, Se-Mi;Cho, Bong-Rae;Lee, Young-Hoon
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.162-165
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    • 1997
  • RNA I. a negative controller of ColE1-type plasmid replication, is metabolized by several RNases in Escherichia coli. Two small derivatives of RNA I are accumulated at nonpermissive temperatures in an E. coli strain carrying the rnpA49 mutation, a thermosensitive mutation in the rnpA gene encoding the protein component of RNase P. A primer extension analysis was carried out to compare 5' processing of RNA I in the E. coli rnpA49 cells at both permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. Derivatives of RNA I having different 5' ends were observed in the cells grown at permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. Some of the derivatives may be generated by the cleavage of RNase P.

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Temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation in ITO/Alq3/Al organic light-emitting diodes

  • Ahn, Joonho;Kim, Tae Wan;Lee, Won Jae
    • Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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    • 제13권spc2호
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    • pp.163-165
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    • 2012
  • Impedance spectroscopy informs electrical properties of materials as accumulated charges, contact status between electrode and organic materials. We carried out impedance spectroscopy of organic light-emitting diodes as ITO/Alq3(60 nm)/Al on temperatures from 10 K to 300 K. The result described Z'-Z" plot, cole-cole plot and dielectric relaxation time τ. Z'-Z" plot means that real and imaginary part of materials in organic and electrode by frequencies and temperature. Z' as real part of impedance by applied frequency depending on temperature shows the plateau in low frequency region as Rs+ Rp and over 100 kHz in high frequency region as Rs. Cole-cole plot shows resistance of materials in equivalent circuit of the device by temperatures. And equivalent circuit and dielectric relaxation could be accomplished by using the complex impedance analysis.

보리 생육기간중 적산온도가 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향 (Growth and Yield of Barley as affected by Accumulated Temperature)

  • 구본철;이춘우;이춘기;김재철;박문웅
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제46권6호
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    • pp.468-472
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    • 2001
  • 출수 조.만에 따른 보리의 생육 및 수량변화를 알고자 최근 맥류 작황 24년('76~'99)자료와 그 중 출수기가 빨랐던 해와 늦었던 해를 추출하여 생육 및 수량과의 관계를 분석하였다. 1. 출수 조.만 그룹사이의 차이는 2월과 3월의 적산온도에 기인하며 특히 2월의 적산온도 차이에 고도의 유의성이 있었다. 2. 10월부터 12월까지의 적산온도가 $650^{\circ}C$ 정도되면 평년정도로 출수하고 62$0^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수 지연, 67$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것이며 2월까지는 72$0^{\circ}C$되면 평년정도의 출구기일 것이고, $650^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수지연, 78$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것으로 분석되었다. 3. 출수가 빨라지는 해의 온도유형을 분류하면 월동전 고온형, 월동기~재생기 고온형, 전생육기 고온형으로 나타났다. 4. 출수가 늦어지는 해는 월동~재생기 저온형과 3월 저온형으로 나뉘어졌다. 5. 출수기가 빠른 경우는 구분이 어려웠지만 출수기가 늦은 해는 월동기의 생육기간이 긴 형과 분얼기에 생육기간이 긴형, 전체 생육기간이 긴 형으로 나누어졌다. 6. 출수가 빠른 해의 수량이 출수가 늦은 해보다 많았는데 이는 수수의 증가에 기인한 것으로 나타났다.

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XLPE/SXLPE laminate의 계면전하 거동 (Interfacial charge Behaviors in XLPE/SXLPE Laminates)

  • 고정우;남진호;서광석
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.897-900
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    • 2001
  • Space charge distributions in silane crosslinked polyethylene (SXLPE)/ crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) laminates was investigated using a pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method. XLPE shows heterocharge while SXLPE shows homocharge. Positive charge is accumulated at the interface of SXLPE/XLPE laminate when applied electric field is more than 20 kV/mm. The charge profile at various temperatures was also acquired using temperature-controllable PEA system. Although applied electric field is only 8.6 kV/mm, positive interfacial charge starts to appear near 50$^{\circ}C$.

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Organic Thin Film-Transistor using Pentacene

  • Kim, Seong-Hyun;Hwang, Do-Hoon;Park, Heuk;Chu, Hye-Young;Lee, Jeong-Ik;Do, Lee-Mi;Zyung, Tae-Hyoung
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보디스플레이학회 2000년도 제1회 학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.215-216
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    • 2000
  • We fabricated the thin-film transistors using organic semiconductor, pentacene, on $SiN_x$, gate insulator. X-ray diffraction experiments were performed for the sample after heat-treatments at higher temperatures. We confirmed that we obtained "thin-film phase" from the condition used here. From the electrical measurements, we also confirmed that no charges are accumulated at the interface between organic and insulating layer, and FET characteristics of the organic FET using pentacene was discussed.

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기후변화에 따른 농업용수공급패턴의 변화로 인한 이수안전도변화분석 (Water Supply Reliability Revaluation For Agricultural Water Supply Pattern Changes Considering Climate Changes)

  • 최영돈;안종서;신현석;차형선
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2010년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.273-277
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    • 2010
  • This research was performed to examine changes in the timing of the growth of crops along with changes in temperatures due tochanges and to analyze the change of water-supply-reliability by adding an analysis of the change of agricultural water supply patterns in the basin area of Miryang dam in Korea. Had-CM3 model from U.K. was the tool adopted for the GCM model, a stochastic, daily-meteorology-generation-model called LARS-WG was alsoused for downscaling and for the climate change scenario (A1B) which represents Korea's circumstances best. First of all, to calculate changes in the timing of the growth of crops during this period, the theory of GDD was applied. Except for the period of transplanting and irrigation, there was no choice but to find the proper accumulated temperature by comparing actual temperature data and the supply pattern of agricultural use due to limited temperature data. As a result, proper temperatures were found for each period. $400^{\circ}C$ for the preparation period of a nursery bed, $704^{\circ}C$ for a nursery bed's period, $1,295^{\circ}C$ for the rice-transplanting period, $1,744^{\circ}C$ for starting irrigation, and $3,972^{\circ}C$ for finishing irrigation. To analyze future agricultural supply patter changes, the A1B scenario of Had-CM3 model was adopted, and then Downscaling was conducted adopting LARS-WG. To conduct a stochastical analysis of LARS-WG, climate scenarios were generated for the periods 2011~2030, 2046~2065, 2080~2099 using the data of precipitation andMax/Min temperatures collected from the Miryang gauging station. Upon reviewing the result of the analysis of accumulated temperatures from 2011~2030, the supply of agricultural water was 10 days earlier, and in the next periods-2046~2065, 2080~2099 it also was 10 days earlier. With these results, it is assumed that the supply of agricultural water should be about 1 month ahead of the existing schedule to meet the proper growth conditions of crops. From the results of the agricultural water supply patterns should be altered, but the reliability of water supply becomes more favorable, which is caused from the high precipitation change. Furthermore, since the unique characteristics of precipitation in Korea, which has high precipitation in the summer, water-supply-reliability has a pattern that the precipitation in September could significantly affect the chances of drought the following winter and spring. It could be more risky to make changes to the constant supply pattern under these conditions due to the high uncertainty of future precipitation. Although, several researches have been conducted concerning climate changes, in the field of water-industry, those researches have been solely dependent on precipitation. Even so, with the high uncertainty of precipitation, it is difficult for it to be reflected in government policy. Therefore, research in the field of water-supply-patterns or evapotranspiration according to the temperature or other diverse effects, which has higher reliability on anticipation, could obtain more reliable results in the future and that could result in water-resource maintenance to be safer and a more advantageous environment.

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온도에 따른 유전체내에서의 공간전하 분포와 전도전류 특성 (Characteization of Space Charge Distribution and Conduction Current in Dielectric material With Temperature)

  • 김진균;황보승;한민구
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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    • pp.1078-1080
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    • 1995
  • The pulsed electro-acoustic method was used as a nondestructive measurement technique of spare charge distribution in dielectric materials. In our work presented here, we measured simultaneously the space charge distribution and conduction current in the low-density polyethylene samples with elevated temperatures up to $80^{\circ}C$ and electric field up to 20kV/mm. In the temperature less than $50^{\circ}C$, homocharges are mainly accumulated close to the electrodes under DC bias and after grounding. At the temperature exeeds $50^{\circ}C$, heterocharges are accumulated near the opposite electrode under DC bias. However after grounding the upper electrode, this charges immediately disappeared. The conduction current in LDPE at $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ was reduced slowly with increasing interval of applied voltage. But as temperature increased, the conduction current tended to increase slowly with the time and the degree of increase is enlarged.

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보리 춘파 재배시 파종기에 따른 생육단계별 소요일수와 적산온도 및 수량관련 특성변화 (Effect of Seeding Date on Growth Duration and Yield in Spring-seeded Barley)

  • 이춘우;구본철;윤의병
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.366-369
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    • 2000
  • 춘파재배시 파종기에 따른 생육단계별 적산온도, 소요일수, 엽 전개 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여, 파성 I인 사천6호와 파성 IV인 새찰쌀보리를 공시하여 2월23일부터 10 및 간격으로 4시기에 파종하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1.사천6호를 2월 23일 파종하면 6월 16일에 성숙하여 생육일수가 111일 소요되었고, 3월 24일 파종하면 6월 21일에 성숙하여 생육일수는 87일 소요되었다. 파종이 늦어지면 생육일수가 단축되어 성숙기는 비슷하여지는데 이는 주로 파종에서 출수까지 일수가 단축되기 때문이었다. 2. 품종에 따라 적산온도는 출현까치는 111-142$^{\circ}C$, 출수까지는 683-756$^{\circ}C$, 성숙까지는 1274-1326$^{\circ}C$ 소요되었다 추파성인 새찰쌀보리는 만파하면 파성이 완전히 소거되지 않아 성숙까지의 적산온도는 다른 시기에 비하여 많았다. 3. 2월 23일 파종한 사천6호는 엽이 하루에 0.1938개 전개되었으나 3월 24일 파종은 0.2156개 전개되어 파종이 늦을수록 엽전개는 빨라졌다 새찰쌀보리도 3월 24일 파종을 제외하고 같은 경향이었다. 4. 파종이 늦을수록 천립중이 감소하고 설립이 증가하여 수량이 감소하였는데, 사천6호의 2월 23일 파종은 수량이 10a당 299kg에 비하여 3월 24일 파종은 125kg으로 수량이 크게 감소하였다. 5. 춘파보리는 파성이 낮고 대립종인 사천6호가 좋았고, 가능한 일찍 파종하는 것이 좋고, 수원지방에서 늦어도 3월 10일 이전에 파종하여야 수량감소를 최소화할 수 있었다.

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벼 건답직파에서 파종기 지온이 출아에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Soil Temperatures on Seedling Emergence in Direct Seeding on Dry Paddy)

  • 소창호;윤진일;노영덕;김무성;권신한
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.580-586
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    • 1995
  • 벼 건답직파 파종기의 기온과 지온의 경시적 변화를 측정하고 지온이 출아소요일수에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 1994년 4월 21일부터 5월 30일까지 연속적으로 기온 및 지표면, 토심 2.5cm, 5cm, 10cm 및 20cm의 지온을 측정하였고, 토심 4cm의 토양수분포텐셜과 강우량을 측정하였다. 벼 품종 화성벼, 서해벼, 남풍벼, IR60 및 CR155를 공시하여 4월 21일, 5월 1일 및 5월 11일에 파종하여 출아소요일수와 출아율을 조사하였다. 1. 일평균온도는 지온이 기온보다 높았으며 지온은 토심이 깊어질수록 낮아졌으며 변이폭도 적었다. 일 최고온도는 기온 > 토심 5cm > 토심 2.5cm의 순이었고, 일최저온도는 5cm > 2.5cm > 기온의 순이었다. 2. 파종 후 10일간의 평균기온은 14.9~15.9 였고 15일간의 평균기온은 15.2~16.5 인 반면 토심 2.5cm의 평균지온은 파종 후 10일간은 18.2~19.6 , 파종 후 15일간은 19.4~19.7 로 지온이 기온보다 약3 높았다. 3. 토심 2.5cm에서 지온의 온도범위별 누적시간은 파종기가 늦어질수록 10 이하의 10일간 누적시간은 4월 21일은 85시간, 5월 1일은 55시간으로 줄어든 대신 15 이상의 누적시간은 4월 21일은 122시간, 5월 1일은 135시간, 5월 11일은 148시간으로 증가하여 파종 후 일수에 따른 평균지온은 비슷하더라도 출현온도의 분포는 달랐다. 4. 평균 출아소요일수는 파종기가 늦어질수록 빨라져 4월 21일 파종시에는 17.2 2.2일, 5월 1일 파종시에는 16.0 1.7일 그리고 5월 11일 파종시에는 12.8 1.6일이 소요되었다. 품종간에는 CR155 < 화성벼, 서해벼 < 남풍벼 < IR60의 순으로 출아소요일수가 길어졌다. 5. 출아소요일수와 여러 가지 기온환경간 상관계수는 파종 후 출아까지 평균 지온(2.5cm)의 적산값과는 R=$^2$0.994**, 토심 2.5cm에서 지온 17.5 이상 누적시간과는 $R^2$=0.947**, 누적온도와는 $R^2$=0.954**, 10 이하의 지속신간과는 $R^2$=0.831**이었다.

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