• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.109-139
• /
• 2004

라이트형제에 의한 비행기(飛行機)의 개발(開發)은 동세기(同世紀) 항공공학(航空工學)의 급속(急速))한 발전(發展)을 이루어 항공기를 이용하여 태평양을 횡단하고, 소리의 속도보다 빠르게 비행하게 되었으며, 수백명이 우주(宇宙) 비행(飛行)을 하였고, 10여명이 달에 다녀왔다. 그러나 이 경이로운 인간의 기술이면에는 항공기의 개발과 더불어 항공사고라는 난점이 자리하고 있다. 항공의 발달은 운송수단으로서 타 교통수단의 경쟁을 유도하였고, 항공산업의 획기적인 발달을 이룩하여 모든 여행객들과 물류수송에 선도적인 역할을 담당하고 있다. 그러나, 항공활동의 증가는 대조적으로 항공사고를 수반하게 되고, 사고시는 막대한 인명과 재산피해를 동반하게 된다. 따라서 향후 개발되는 항공기 의 초대형화와 신기술 개발 및 항공 교통량의 증가에 비례하여 항공사고건수 또한 증가할 것이며 항공사고는 인명 및 재산피해의 초대형화를 동반할 것이다. 이러한 항공사고 방지를 위해 사고조사의 전문화, 체계화 및 과학화가 필수적이다. 이를 달성하기 위한 항공사고 조사기구의 효율적인 역할을 수행하기 위하여는 사고조사위원회 위원의 상근화, 통합적사고 조사기구의 신설, 사고조사관의 제도적 신분보장, 인적요소분야 사고조사관의 확보(確保), 사고조사관의 법적 책임 한계, 사고(accident)와 중대한 준사고(serious incident)에 대한 정의와 조사범위, 그리고 민간항공기와 국가항공기가 연관된 사고 발생시 조사의 주체가 관련규정에 명시될 필요성이 개선방안(改善方案)으로 연구되었다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2010

최근 고속도로 건설공사는 대형화, 복잡화, 첨단화로 인한 작업환경 및 작업의 종류도 다양화 되고 있다. 공사 장비 또한 대형화와 고소작업의 증가에 따라 안전사고가 증가하고 있어 건설재해를 감소시키려는 노력이 요구된다. 그러나 구체적이고 과학적 방법을 사용한 기술적 안전관리 대처 수단이 미비하다. 사고 예방을 위해서 안전사고 유형 및 사고요인 등을 통계적인 방법으로 분석하여 각 변수들에 대한 안전관리에 적용할 수 있는 방안이 구체적으로 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고속도로 건설공사의 12년간 안전사고에 대한 조사를 실시하여 사고발생요인들에 따라 사고유형 및 환산재해자수에 대한 특성을 분석하기 위한 목적으로 실증분석을 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 사고요인별 사고유형과의 유의미한 차이를 검정한 결과 사고 발생 원인 및 사고발생 높이가 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 기간별요인 중에 사고발생시간이 환산재해자수와의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 작업여건별 요인 중에는 사고발생원인, 사고발생높이, 사고발생유형이 환산재해자수와의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 요인들과 변수들의 특징을 분석하여 제시한 결과는 향후 안전관리 대책 수립에 중요한 의미가 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2021

Objectives: Acute exposure to high concentrations of chemicals can occur when a chemical accident takes place. As such exposure can cause ongoing environmental pollution, such as in the soil and groundwater, there is a need for a tool that can assess health effects in the long term. The purpose of this study was assessing the health risks of residents living near a chemical accident site due to long-term exposure while considering the temporal concentration changes of the toxic chemicals leaked during the accident until their extinction in the environment using a multimedia environmental dynamics model. Methods: A health risk assessment was conducted on three cases of formaldehyde chemical accidents. In this study, health risk assessment was performed using a multimedia environmental dynamics model that considers the behavior of the atmosphere, soil, and water. In addition, the extinction period of formaldehyde in the environment was regarded as extinction in the environment when the concentration in the air and soil fell below the background concentration prior to the accident. The subjects of health risk assessment were classified into four groups according to age: 0-9 years old, 10-18 years old, 19-64 years old, and over 65 years old. Carcinogenic risk assessment by respiratory exposure and non-carcinogenic risk assessment by soil intake were conducted as well. Results: In the assessment of carcinogenic risk due to respiratory exposure, the excess carcinogenic risk did not exceed 1.0×10-6 in all three chemical accidents, so there was no health effect due to the formaldehyde chemical accident. As a result of the evaluation of non-carcinogenic risk due to soil intake, none of the three chemical accidents had a risk index of 1, so there was no health effect. For all three chemical accidents, the excess cancer risk and hazard index were the highest in the age group 0-9. Next, 10-18 years old, 65 years old or older, and 19-64 years old showed the highest risk. Conclusion: This study considers environmental changes after a chemical accident occurs and until the substance disappears from the environment. It also conducts a health risk assessment by reflecting the characteristics of the long-term persistence and concentration change over time. It is thought that it is of significance as a health risk assessment study reflecting the exposure characteristics of the accident substance for an actual chemical accident.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2015

This study deals with the roundabout accidents. The goal of this study is to develop the sideswipe accident models at roundabout. In the pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to collecting the data of geometric structure and accidents of 54 roundabouts in Korea and developing the Poisson and negative binomial regression models. The main results are as follows. First, sideswipe accident is analyzed to be the highest frequency that is 39.5% of total accident data. Second, Poisson models which is statistically significant is developed. Finally, traffic volume per approach($X_1$), number of circulatory roadway($X_3$), operation of parking lot($X_4$) and width of circulatory roadway($X_6$) are adopted as the common variables. This study might be expected to give some implications to the accident research on the roundabout.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2009

Since it's first adaptation in Germany in 1884, the industrial accident compensation insurance system has been on the most widely used social security systems, and in was first enforced in Korea in 1964. Today's society has been industrialized and number of business places for workers accident. As the welfare of workers improves in korea, the number of beneficiaries of industrial accident compensation insurance is increasing. Even though such trend is desirable in many respects, there is a growing social problem caused by abnormal insurance claims.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2017

ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme is a comprehensive evaluation for aviation safety matters, including aircraft operation, licensing and aircraft incident/accident investigation. As this programme is measures aviation safety level of States, there is a need to meet international standards, especially in the field of aircraft incident/accident investigation. This research discusses points required to satisfy international standards, which are independence and autonomy of an accident investigation board, the lack of the enough number of investigators and efficient management of those personnel, the effective composition and use of an investigation report, an accident investigation itself to build big data and the creation of a cooperation system among States. This paper suggests various opinions in order to enhance aviation safety especially through aircraft accident investigations, using case studies from the US, UK and Japan.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
• /
• pp.464-470
• /
• 1997

Severe accident analysis has been performed for the Wolsung nuclear power plants in Korea to investigate severe accident phenomena of CANDU-600 reactors as a part of Level II PSA study. The accident sequence analyzed in this paper is loss of active heat sinks(LOAH) which is caused by loss of off-site power, diesel generators, and DC power. ISAAC (Integrated Severe Accident Analysis Code)computer code developed by KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) was used in this analysis. This paper describes the important thermal-hydraulics and source term behaviors in the primary system and inside containment, and the failure mechanism of calandria vessel and containment. In addition, some insights for accident management program(AMP) are also given.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.114-124
• /
• 1995

The production activity by human is accompanied by various accidents, resulting in human and property loss. If information on these industrial accident can be collected, organized and analyzed for a period of time and be used in the decision-making process for the purpose of preventing industriar accident, we will be able to get rid of industriar accident and prevent human and property loss and creat a pleasant industrial atmosphere. In order to achieve this goal, the collected information should be accurate, and trusted in the work place or govemement agency the informantion is being utilized. This research analyzed the problem in our nation's industrial accident statistics and estimated the number of accidents that are occuring and suggested improvement measures so that the industrial accident statistics can be calculated arately.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2016

PURPOSES : There are many recently constructed roundabouts in Jeollabuk-do province. This study analyzed how roundabouts reduce the risk of accidents and improve safety in the province. METHODS : This study analyzed safety improvement at roundabouts by using an accident prediction model that uses an Empirical Bayes method based on negative binomial distribution. RESULTS : The results of our analysis model showed that the total number of accidents decreased from 130 to 51. Roundabouts also decreased casualties; the number of casualties decreased from 7 to 0 and the seriously wounded from 87 to 16. The effectiveness of accident reduction as analyzed by the accident prediction model with the Empirical Bayes method was 60%. CONCLUSIONS : The construction of roundabouts can bring about a reduction in the number of accidents and casualties, and make intersections safer.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 2008

The rehabilitation for the workplace accident victims is basically aimed to get them back to their working place through the secondary care processes which have some more special and more professional rehabilitation than any others, after the primary treatments like operation in an acute hospital since the accident. They need more concentrative rehabilitation efforts according to classified injury types during the period of acute, sub-acute and convalescent. This study is for the partial research of rehabilitation hospital for workers' accident victims and presents design data which can be used for the appropriate area calculation and spatial composition. Drawing documents analysis, interviews, observation were used to examine the condition of existing rehabilitation hospitals.