• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.2 s.9
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• pp.17-22
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• 2002

The Purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the medicine mainly using the Hyangyak(鄕藥) in the early Chosun by analyzing the text in ${\ulcorner}$Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)${\lrcorner}$ and comparing it with other medical books. To start out this grand investigation, the research was focused on ${\ulcorner}$Sanghanmun(傷寒門)${\lrcorner}$, Vol.5-8 of ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$. The conclusion made in this study is as follows: 1. All of the prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}Sanghanmun{\lrcorner}$, was made up of the Hangyak listed in ${\ulcorner}$HyangyakBoncho(鄕藥本草)${\lrcorner}$, Vol.76-85 of ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$ 2. The main purpose of ${\ulcorner}Sanghanmun{\lrcorner}$ was to make sure it was easy to use for people with no medical backgrounds. To have a more specific understanding on the medicine mainly llsing the Hyangyak, further research should be done on how the catergory of the Hangyak changed. This should be done by comparing the books written after the ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$, and also on the characteristics of the usage of prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.611-632
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• 2019

In this work, a four-variable refined plate model is applied to study the thermomechanical bending of two kinds of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich plates. The sandwich core of one kind is isotropic with the FGM face sheets whereas in the second kind, the sandwich core is FGM with the isotropic and homogeneous face sheets. By considering only four unknown variables, the governing equations are written based on the principle of virtual work and then Navier method is employed to solve these equations. Deflections and stresses of two kinds of FGM sandwich structures are analyzed and discussed. The validity and efficiency of the proposed model is checked by comparing it with various available solutions in the literature. The effects of volume fraction distribution, geometric ratio and thermal load on thermomechanical bending properties of FGM sandwich plate are investigated in detail.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.16
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• pp.23-42
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• 2003

Most of the taxes in Korea are collected using a voluntary reporting payment system that meets most financial requirements. However, many people are unaware of their tax liability, and legal forces to ensure payment of taxes are weak within the Korean social structure. Therefore, the tax system cannot depend only on people's awareness of their tax liability, and for these reasons the Korean government has been investigating a system for fair taxation and the administrative punishment for tax evasion. In addition, an improvement to the taxation system is strongly 'demanded in order to protect taxpayers' rights, and improve the efficiency and rationality of the system. In this study, I compare and analyze the problems related to each nation's tax investigation system, and then propose an improved plan for a tax investigation system in Korea. It is necessary to prescribe in the bylaws of the Office of National Taxation that the investigator's performance rating or incentives are not affected in any way by the tax investigator's actual records on tax collection, as this type of evaluation can easily lead to conflicts with the primary goals of the law or written constitution.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2017

Euibangyoochui (醫方類聚), the largest medical book in Korea, has medical and historical significance in that it had classified almost all East Asian medical accomplishments before Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). Focusing on these values, this research investigates Yi'an (醫案), an East Asian tradition of describing clinical encounters and the therapies employed, in Euibangyoochui. By this investigation, this study expected to not only establish how the genre of Yi'an is employed for what purpose in Euibangyoochui, but also to shed a light on the appearance of Yi'an before Joseon Dynasty. At first, this study extracted Yi'an from Euibangyoochui (醫方類聚), as Yi'an does not have a standardized format. In total, the number of extracted Yi'ans is 1,025 with handwork results. Extracted Yi'ans are analyzed statically, in order to find dispersion of Yi'ans for each chapter and its references. Overall, there are 73 chapters of Euibangyoochui, which has a total of 93 chapters, containing Yi'an, while the chapter on gynecology contains the highest number of Yi'ans, 86. Judged from these result, the genre of Yi'an was used diversely and frequently, indicating various messages in Euibangyoochui. To categorize the usage and purpose of writing of Yi'ans in Euibangyoochui, this study considers some examples of Yi'ans and concludes that 3 types of Yi'ans are employed in Euibangyoochui in order to deliver the adequate medical message. One is result-centered Yi'an delivering a broader medical lesson, such as a taboo in treatment or a doctrine in medicine. The second is the concise-styled Yi'an presenting a short effective medical method. The third is multiple-information Yi'an that describes complex information of patients and medical theories, transmitting diverse lessons. Yi'ans in Euibangyoochui refer to 58 medical books. Books written by JangJaHwa (張子和; 1156-1228) are the most cited books, offering almost a quarter of total amount of Yi'ans in Euibangyoochui. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic information, such as numbers, applications, purpose of writing and references of Yi'an in Euibangyoochui. Moreover considering the historic values of Euibangyoochui, this information reflects, on the other hands, overall figures of Yi'an written before publication of Euibangyoochui.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.39-77
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• 2010

The cinema of Peter Greenaway has consistently engaged questions of the relationship between the arts and particularly the relations of image and writing to cinema. When different types of images are correlated and merged with each other on the borders of painting, photography, film, video and computer animation, the interrelationships of the distinct elements cause a shift in the notion of the whole image. This analysis proposes to articulate the complex relationship between the 'interartial' dimension and the 'intermedial' dimension in Peter Greenaway's film, (1991). If the interartiality is interested in the interaction between various arts, including the transition from one to another, the intermediality articulates the same type of relationship between two or more media. The interactional relationship is the same on both sides; on the contrary, the relationship between art and media does not show the same symmetry. All art is based on one or more media - the media is a condition existence of art - but no art can't be reduced to the status of media. This suggests that if the interartiality always involves the intermediality, this proposal may not be reversed. First, we analyse a self-conscious investigation into digital art and technology. Prosospero's Books can be read as a daring visual essay that self-consciously investigates the technical and philosophical functions of letters, books, images, animated paintings, digital arts, and the other magical illusions, which have been modern or will be post-modern media to represent the world. Greenaway uses both conventional film techniques and the resources of high-definition television to layer image upon image, superimposing a second or third frame within his frame. Greenaway uses the frame-within-frame as the cinematic equivalent of Shakespeare's paly-within-play : it offer him the possibility to analyse the work of art/artist/spectator relationship. Secondly, we analyse the relationship between the written word, oral word and the books. Like the written word, the oral word changes into a visual image: The linguistic richness and nuances of Shakeaspeare's characters turn into the powerful and authoritative, but monotone, voices of Gielgud-Prospero, who speaks the Shakespearean lines aloud, shaping the characters so powerfully through his worlds that they are conjured before us. Specially each book is placed over the frame of the play's action, only partially covering the image, so that it gives virtually every frame at least two space-time orientations. Thirdly, we try to show how Peter Greenaway uses pictorial references in order to illustrate the context of the Renaissance as well as pictorial techniques and language in order to question the nature of artistic representation. For exemple, The storm is visualised through reference to Botticelli's : the storm of papers swirling around the library is constructed to look like a facsimili copy of Michelangelo's Laurentiana Library in Florence. Greenaway's modern mannerism consists in imposing his own aesthetic vision and his questioning of art beyond the play's meta-theatricality: in other words, Shakespeare''s text has been adapted without being betrayed.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.6-22
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• 2023

The National Museum of Korea's 'Shinchungmyeong Jochong' is the sole firearm in the country bearing inscriptions written in ink('辛丑改備江華庫藏'). Thanks to this written record, it is possible to determine where this firearm was stored and to make an estimate of the time when it was stored. Additionally, it is a valuable artifact that has been exceptionally well preserved and has an artistic design. However, research into the operational period, form, and structural characteristics of this firearm has been limited to date. This study aimed to shed light on the operational period, form, and structural features of the 'Shinchukmyeong Jochong.' To achieve this, the specifications and structural characteristics of the firearm were examined, and comparisons were made with 17 other extant firearms and their attributes. The results confirmed that the 'Shinchungmyeong Jochong' is a representative example of the typical firearms of the Joseon Dynasty. Next, the timing, background, and production subject of the Ganghwado containment of the Jochong were tracked based on letters found with the Jochong. The investigation revealed an entry in the 'Records of King Jeongjo'(『正祖實錄』) indicating that a significant amount of military supplies, including firearms, were stored on Ganghwado in December of the 5th year of Shinchung(1781). The decision to store these materials in Ganghwado Island may have been due to the perception of the Joseon decision-makers, who strategically valued Ganghwado Island, and the relocation of 'Tongaoyeong'(統禦營) and the integration with 'Jinmuyeong'(鎭撫營). After acquisition, it is presumed that the firearm was operated at locations like 'Jinmuyeong'(鎭撫營). The firearm's production is presumed to have been associated associated with institutions such as 'Gungisi'(軍器寺). In conclusion, the 'Shinchungmyeong Jochong' exemplifies a typical firearm of the Joseon Dynasty, and it is likely that it was stored on Ganghwado in December of 1781. Its production is believed to have been related to institutions such as 'Gungisi'. Following its acquisition, it is presumed that the firearm was operated at locations including 'Jinmuyeong'.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.129-175
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• 2018

This paper examines asbestos activism in South Korea by focusing on the politics of knowledge between the asbestos activist group and regulatory agency on the risk of asbestos exposure. Asbestos activism has contributed to establishing asbestos pollution an important safety and public health agenda in South Korea. Asbestos pollution investigation is key to core argument of the activism that asbestos pollution is pervasive especially in urban environment and a serious environmental health problem with its worst consequences has not yet seen. A distinctive characteristic of such asbestos investigation is the use of "settled dust analysis," non-standard, non-legislated analysis method. In this paper, literary technologies used in asbestos investigation report written by activists and controversies over asbestos pollution measurement in Samsung's head office building. Asbestos activists successfully concentrated media's attention on their argument and mobilize resources needed to make policy decisions, by using settled dust analysis data. Regulatory agency and expert group, however, neither saw settled dust analysis nor activists argument persuasive enough to make policy changes, base on their evaluation on the use of standards and evidentiary context for analyzing measured data. While its explanatory power is partially acquired, through the dispute between asbestos activists and regulatory agencies unspoken assumptions of regulatory science was revealed and became the matter of social debate. Settled dust analysis captures the characteristic of asbestos analysis which combined social movement and science to challenge the regulatory agency and expert group.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.36
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• pp.403-432
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• 2009

In this paper, I examined two things. First explore the of the reality(眞) in poems written on paintings and discussion on paintings in men of letters of Pre-chosun dynasty, furthemore, it analyzes the meaning and thought. To explain it, I would like to analyse the discourse surrounding the reality(眞) in poems written on paintings and discussion on paintings, and concept of the borrowing(假) and the unreal(幻). First of all, I examine the ways that the view of nature of Confucians is pertinent to the abiding in reverence and the investigation of principles of confucians, also painting is necessarry condition for their moral and spiritual self-cultivation. In the discourse surrounding the reality, it is to suggest from 'natural reality (天眞)' to escape from the reality(眞), and proceeds to examine the transformation of reality(眞) in mind(人心). Furthermore I examine the meaning of transform and delicate difference between borrowing(假) and the unreal(幻). In this process, concept of the borrowing(假) and the unreal(幻) is divided into the two meaning. False(假) is to become the Borrowing and painting, the unreal(幻) is change into the act of recognition. In conclusion, I examined the significant transformation of the reality(眞) and the unreal(幻). The reality(眞) has been recognized as a important concept, it is diverged into the Nature, outer things and painting mind, and the object of ultimate value in appreciation and painting of Pre-chosun dynasty.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.139-163
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the capabilities of ChatGPT as a tool for supporting students in generating mathematical arguments that can be considered proofs. To examine this, we engaged students enrolled in a mathematics pathways course in evaluating and revising their original arguments using ChatGPT feedback. Students attempted to find and prove a method for the area of a triangle given its side lengths. Instead of directly asking students to prove a formula, we asked them to explore a method to find the area of a triangle given the lengths of its sides and justify why their methods work. Students completed these ChatGPT-embedded proving activities as class homework. To investigate the capabilities of ChatGPT as a proof tutor, we used these student homework responses as data for this study. We analyzed and compared original and revised arguments students constructed with and without ChatGPT assistance. We also analyzed student-written responses about their perspectives on mathematical proof and proving and their thoughts on using ChatGPT as a proof assistant. Our analysis shows that our participants' approaches to constructing, evaluating, and revising their arguments aligned with their perspectives on proof and proving. They saw ChatGPT's evaluations of their arguments as similar to how they usually evaluate arguments of themselves and others. Mostly, they agreed with ChatGPT's suggestions to make their original arguments more proof-like. They, therefore, revised their original arguments following ChatGPT's suggestions, focusing on improving clarity, providing additional justifications, and showing the generality of their arguments. Further investigation is needed to explore how ChatGPT can be effectively used as a tool in teaching and learning mathematical proof and proof-writing.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2006

A purpose of this study is degree of recognition and consciousness investigation about a satisfaction duty before admission about a school subject of some academic dental hygiene students. From responses to individual written survey questionnaires answered by 608 students who are studying Dental Hygiene at colleges in Mokpo, Iksan, Gangneung. The following are the results regarding their satisfaction levels with their majors and their interest in working abroad: 1. Regarding the motivating factors to major in Dental Hygiene, most students(51.3%), particularly most freshmen(57.3%), have chosen this major because of more job opportunities than students with other majors. The most common source of information in choosing majors is the Internet(30.8%). 2. Most students do not want to change their majors even if they are provided with the chance to do so(65.5%). They are in general satisfied with their studies. The result shows that the Dental Hygiene majors are positive toward their major. 3. Most students will choose their jobs by their own choices(40.6%), and the most important factor in their choices is the opportunity of self-growth and development(33.1%). The survey results show that the Dental Hygiene students value their own decisions and self-realization. 4. Showed the difference that as a result of having seen a knowledge degree advance a school subject of major in Dental Hygiene by a school year and ash students, an admission motive, relevance of an information acquisition path, all noted. 5. And were able to see the difference that noted in an adviser, work selection bases in case of work selection whether or not there was a dissatisfaction reason about a major and a criminal record.