• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-111
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• 2024

Purpose: For modern people, stress is a major cause of all physical and mental illnesses. Natural healing is useful for a healthy life by reducing stress because it not only heals diseases, but also heals the body, mind, and diseases holistically. This study explores the stress change process experiences and essence of participants in the Holistic Therapy program through the grounded theory method. Method: Of the 62 participants in the Holistic Therapy program, data were collected two to three times for 12 people with large stress changes, about 90 minutes each, and through individual interviews. Data analysis was performed by open coding, axial coding, selective coding, process analysis, core categories, and type analysis according to Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory method. Results: As a result of data analysis according to the grounded theory method, 106 concepts, 47 subcategories, and 21 categories were finally derived. The derived stress change process appeared in four stages: fear, conflict, effort, and adaptation to change. Based on the results of selective coding, the core category was derived as the process of 'self-change and life change through stress overcoming'. The adaptation types that appeared in the stress change process were thought avoidance type, emotional suppression type, and behavioral impulse type. In the Holistic Therapy program, the stress of 12 participants with a large trend of stress change changed by experiencing happiness and pleasure through love and respect. As participants participated in the program, they escaped from negative emotions, and as their lives changed, they became motivated to live, and they lived a changed life through hope and vision. Conclusion: Conclusion: It was confirmed that it was useful as a healing therapy through the experience of stress change process through participation in the Holistic Therapy program. This study is meaningful in that the Holistic Therapy program explores the stress change process, stage, and stress application type as grounded theory.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.69-104
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• 2009

This study is to know the Enhancement of Aviation Safety for Low Cost Carrier in Korea through the long and mid term air safety policy. Especially, the aviation safety authorities of the developed countries in aviation establish action plans under the system plan of central government. Then the countries implement those plans systematically to the related aviation business so that they promote efficient air safety policy implementation. At this time, the Korean government should present the vision about an air safety and systematic strategic plan to cope with the future aviation industry change. Also, it is needed to establish a specific aviation safety action plan. Namely, an air safety master plan and long-term road map must be established. This paper deduces some implications through the abroad cases of aviation safety plan, and then tries to find the applying method of the implications to Korea in the rapidly changing aviation market in the 21st century. It is expected that this paper will help the Korean aviation industry to play a major role in the future. In oder to get suggestions aviation policies of advanced countries with regard to aviation safety, we have looked at the aviation policies of the U.S., the U.K., Australia and Japan, and also LCC's states overseas, LCC's safety policies in Korea, and aviation safety status. Since existing LCCs and new LCCs based in Korea have become the new concept, this new market for LCC has been booming recently. Around Southeast Asia, while there are some LCCs including Air Asia which is supported by the government of Malaysia with emphasis on safety, there are other LCCs, which have failed to achieve confidence in safety and have led to aircraft accidents and financial mismanagement, so we need to verify the safety of overseas LCCs, try to improve domestic LCCs in order to fly international routes and aid international aviation safety. LCCs have been increasing lately thanks to open skies policy and a wide variety of flights.lines. Air Busan, Jin Air, Jeju air, Eastar Air are in service. so the risk of new potential hazards may increase. Therefore it is necessary to take the initiative in aviation markets inside and outside of Korea and the safety management of new LCCs should be taken more seriously than ever before. Among overseas aviation safety policies, we need to implement the FAA's Filght Plan which has a specific Business Plan. I hope this thesis will help improve aviation safety locally and internationally.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.188-199
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• 1995

This International Geographical Symposium is to comemorate the 50th anniversary of the Korean Geographical Society. The Korean Geographical Society (KGS) which is the headquater of the geogaphical study will be play a main role to promote International Geographical Conference(IGC). And KGS hopes to prepare for the success of IGC and to examine the ability of the Korean Geographical Society for holding IGC in Seoul, in 2000. Above all, we expect to confirm what vision of the spatial structure our geographers have had for the last 50 years and in the position of the Korean Geographical Society, we present various studies on the spatial structure of the Unified Korea and through the discussion of the members we are going to lead our common interest to the key of reunification and motivate this studies more actively. We think that German geographers who have been studying the establishment of the spatial structure before and after the reunification of Germany will help in setting spatial structure of reunified Korea. In the second part of seminar, we will have a lecture on "Geography in the 21st Century; its Perspectives and Contribution". This lecture will prepose the trends of international geographical study and discipline, to Korean geographers and encourage them to realize what position we are in on the level of international geography and intensify their study. In the end of twentieth centuries, Korean geographers, who accessto postmodernism, hope to develope the unique subject matter and discipline regrardless of the 50 year-partition of the Korean Peninsula through the study of geobraphy. What can we suagest to geographers under the unique spatia1 structure of the divided peninsula\ulcorner How will our country develope in the future when DMZ, the last remains of cold war, vanishes and our reunified country becomes\ulcorner These subject matters will be issued in this International Geographic Conference. These issued subject matters and procedures of discussion will stimulate younger students to have interest in our unique geographic environment and to set up thier own method of study. In the third part of seminar, a special lecture on "Half-century of Korean Geography: It's Reflection and Perspective", the product and the subject of each part in geography will be discussed. Because this seminar is for the first time in 20 years after the 30th anniversary, the evaluation and the comment of each field in geography will be focused on because the achievement of each member's study is evaluted and refered to objectively. The newly developed field ewll be proposed, as well as the evaluation and the result of the Korean Geographical Society. The criticism and the proposal of the Korean Geographical Society will encourage the study of each member. And it will contribute to the development of the Korean Geographical Society. We hope all the issued papers to be published as atreatise and circulated to all members, university liberaries, each institution etc. There is no doubt our research and study will affect geographers and geography teachers to use this treatise. If possible, we will make public editions to distribute widely for students who study geography. It will help students to study geography encouragingly and to understand a correct structure and to commit themselves to promote the developed industrial country when they are playing a leading part in society. And we will contribute this issue to all the institutes such as the congress, each department of government, the political parties, the economic circles and private institutes, in order to make them understand our academic efforts and activities. Besides, we hope this contribution will give them much understanding and interest about 2000 IGC in Seoul beforehand.in Seoul beforehand.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.65-88
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• 2008

To achieve the age of 30,000 dollars GNP, The business with speed will hold a more crucial point than the business with scale, and the mass consumption market will be transformed and changed into the niche market. Moreover, it will not be easy for the company without the peculiar and creative technology to survive in the severe competition. Under these circumstances, The innovative company which knows how to use this new paradigm will select the better position in the changing market. Innovation type SMEs are contributing in maintaining the international competitiveness of domestic economy by serving high-tech and the promotion of employment. Also, Innovation type SMEs have the most important economic leverage in our domestic economy. It's a source of the growth in domestic economy. Therefore, A lot of countries have been trying to support innovation type SMEs (with a small capital and high-tech). And many countries also try to protect and promote the innovation type SMEs. Especially the Korean government is also promoting innovation type SMEs in many ways, because the future of innovation type SMEs are not bright. This study explored the three innovative SEMs and studied 1) entrepreneur characteristics, 2) the industry environment, 3) competitive strategies, and 4) resources and capabilities of organization, which have been considered as the success factors for entrepreneurial firms. This study also holds that the characteristics of entrepreneurs is one of the most important factor to impact the success of innovative SMEs. Most of entrepreneurs have started their business with high education career and field experiences and have high intentions in developing new/high techonologies, challenging spirits, and clear vision and goals. The innovative SMEs with small kinds of products and services, narrow market, and small resources are more sensitively impacted by the environment especially. But the SMEs which entered into market early could have the comparative excellencies in their market to survive and grow in the future. They also have competitive advantages in the market using differentiation strategies by technology innovation. Technology innovation and differention strategies are one of the success factors in SMEs, They entered into the niche market using this weapons. The capabilities of changing organization to their changing environment, the open orgarnization culture, the continuous employment education, and the building the organic organization are also success factors of innovative SMEs. The SMEs with the simple organization structure can make fast decisions and operate with the autonomous and flexible ways. These only three cases will not shown successful factors of over 12,000 Innovation type SMEs in Korea and this study of Innovation type SMEs is insufficient from all aspects. But this study have many implications for the future research and the entrepreneurs ready for their business.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Purpose: The study was aimed to suggest the most effective color of the tinted lenses by evaluating the effect of the prescription with tinted lenses on the visual quality of the elderly at the age of the sixty or more. Methods: The visual acuity of fifty subjects at the age of sixty or more (17 males, 33 females with the averaged age of $71.0{\pm}6.3$) were corrected to have the visual acuity at a far distance of 0.5 or more using a trial lens frame, and non-tinted, brown-tinted, and gray-tinted lenses were randomly applied on the trial frame. The minimum legibility and minimum separability were measured at a far distance in the aspect of the visual acuity and calculated as LogMAR and then, the visual acuity was compared. The stereopsis and contrast sensitivity were also estimated at a near distance in the aspect of the visual function. The participants' preference for tinted lenses and their subjective symptoms of the visual perception and the movement were further surveyed. Results: The best minimum legibility and minimum separability was shown when wearing non-tinted lenses, and brown-tinted and gray-tinted lenses were in the next. The stereopsis and the contrast sensitivity at a near distance and the visual perception was the best when wearing brown-tinted lenses. It was surveyed that the subjective discomfort was the biggest when wearing gray-tinted lenses, and brown-tinted lenses were the best in the aspect of the subjective preference. Conclusions: As the result of this study, it was revealed that the visual acuity and visual function could be improved by the use of tinted ophthalmic lenses however, its change of visual acuity and visual function was not completely correlated with the subjective satisfaction. Therefore, the appropriate color of ophthalmic lenses should be selected in accordance with the individual visual perception and the main vision lifestyle in the elderly generation. From the present study, the use of non- or brown-tinted lens and brown- or gray-tinted lens can be recommended for distance work and near work, respectively, in the elderly generation under the illumination of about 1,000 lux.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2013

Purpose: To compare corneal asphericity, visual acuity (VA), and ocular and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) between myopic refractive surgery and emmetropia groups. Methods: Twenty three subjects ($23.0{\pm}2.5$ years) who underwent myopic refractive surgery and twenty emmetropia ($21.0{\pm}206$ years) were enrolled. The subjects'criteria were best unaided monocular VA of 20/20 or better in both two groups. High and low contrast log MAR visual acuities were measured under photopic and mesopic conditions. Corneal and ocular HOAs were measured using Wavefront Analyzer (KR-1W, Topcon) for 4 mm and 6 mm pupils. Corneal asphericity was taken by topography in KR-1W. Results: There was no significant difference in VA between two groups under either photopic or mesopic conditions. In ocular aberrations, there were significant differences in total HOAs, fourthorder and spherical aberration (SA) for a 6 mm between two groups (p=0.045, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). In corneal aberrations, there was a significant difference in SA for 4 mm (p=0.001) and 6 mm (p<0.001) pupils between two groups and there were statistically significant differences in total HOAs (p<0.001) and fourth-order aberrations (p<0.001) between two groups for a 6 mm pupil. There was a significant correlation in emmetropia between Q-value and SA in ocular aberrations for 4 mm and 6 mm pupils (r=0.442, p=0.004, and r=0.519, p<0.001) and in corneal aberrations for 4 mm and 6 mm pupils (r=0.358, p=0.023, and r=0.646, p<0.001). No significant correlations were found between Q-value and SA in refractive surgery group. Conclusions: VA in myopic refractive surgery is better than or similar to emmetropia. Nevertheless, the more increasing pupil size is, the more increasing aberrations are. Thus, it could have an influence on the quality of vision at night.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.185-212
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• 2014

This study investigated the base of marine leisure facilities and studied the future vision for development of marine industry by conducting a systematic analysis on the category of marine leisure products for development of design and specialization of southeast area of Korea. If the age of $20,000 of per capita national income is called 'the age of my car', $20,000 of per capita national income is called 'the age of my boat'. According to the report of UK-based Marine South East, the scale of world's small boat and personal waterborne equipment reached 277 trillion won in 2010 and domestic market scale is expected to be 11 trillion won. Marine leisure facilities are the new growth engine industry that the government should promote as a nation's strategic and core industry, and the government is pushing ahead with promotion of marine industry actively by announcing Marine Leisure Equipment Industry Activation Plan(June 2009, Ministry of Knowledge Economy), Marine Leisure Activation Plan(July 2010, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport), The 1st General Plan for Marina Port(January 2010, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) etc. The purpose of marine design lies in seeking the status of the country and qualitative value in human life through functional, artistic, industrial and cultural development of design elements for all marine activities made around the sea. Related to all activities made in the ocean and cost, marine design is a sphere of design that includes special conditions centering around water. Considering the condition that 3 sides of land are facing the sea, this study systematically analyzed present condition of equipment possessed by each area, type of facilities, operational status, current status of sectoral use of marine leisure facilities and future prospect of marine leisure products that become the basis of value to raise the statue as an advanced marine power in 2010s through development of the qualitative level of the people, establishment of the direction of national strategy, convergence of industry and culture and specialization of area focusing on the actual condition survey of marine leisure facilities. Especially, this study will be predicting the basis of strategy for strengthening marketability and competitiveness by suggesting role and process of design in developing a promising marine leisure product through an actual condition survey of marine leisure products of southeast area.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.321-335
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• 2020

Given that with the development of the 4th industry, interest and desire for smart cities are gradually increasing and related technologies are developed as a way to strengthen urban competitiveness by utilizing big data, information and communication technology, IoT, M2M, and AI, the purpose of this study is to find out how to achieve this goal on the premise of the idea of smart well fair city. In other words, the purpose is to devise a smart well-fair city in the care area, such as health care, medical care, and welfare, and see if it is feasible. With this recognition, the paper aimed to review the concept and scope of smart city, the discussions that have been made so far and the issues or limitations on its connection to social security and social welfare, and based on it, come up with the concept of welfare city. As a method of realizing the smart welfare city, the paper reviewed characteristics and features of a social security platform as well as the applicability of smart city, especially care services. Furthermore, the paper developed discussions on the standardization of the city in terms of political and institutional improvements, utilization of personal information and public data as well as ways of institutional improvement centering on social security information system. This paper highlights the importance of implementing the digitally based community care and smart welfare city that our society is seeking to achieve. With regard to the social security platform based on behavioral design and the 7 principles(6W1H method), the present paper has the limitation of dealing only with smart cities in the fields of healthcare, medicine, and welfare. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the effects of smart cities in other fields and to consider the application and utilization of technologies in various aspects and the corresponding impact on our society. It is expected that this paper will suggest the future course and vision not only for smart cities but also for the social security and welfare system and thereby make some contribution to improving the quality of people's lives through the requisite adjustments made in each relevant field.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

This study aims to understand the tendencies and characteristics when constructing landscape architectural archives in the United States, and to find implications for creating Korean landscape architectural archives. Focusing on seven American landscape architectural archives operated by public institutes, universities, and research institutes, this study examines the background, mission, scope, subject, acquisition, arrangement, and application of the programs in the archives. The results show that the characteristics of the American landscape architectural archives are as follows: first, the recognition of the value and importance of the landscape plays a major role in the establishment of archives; second, the purpose of the archives is to educate and encourage people to find diversity or significance of landscapes; third, the subject and scope of the archives vary according to the purpose of each operating institution; fourth, the main acquisitional method is to receive a donation and to purchase materials or documents; fifth, the classification systems of each archive differs depending on the subject and scope; and sixth, the archives were built on the basis of participation and collaboration with various experts and organizations with stable and sustainable financial resources. These characteristics offer three implications for constructing landscape architectural archives in Korea. First, a long-term vision for landscape architectural archives and the establishment of differentiated themes are required. Second, appropriate methods of material collection and systems of classification, recording, and digitization are necessary and therefore research and pilot archives are required. Third, it is necessary to secure the sustainability of archives by developing ways to utilize the archives in connection with academic and educational programs, thereby securing financial resources and allowing for the establishment of appropriate policies. As basic research, this study is significant as it provides a basis for further research concerning the development of landscape architectural archives in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2019

The purposes of this study are: 1) to verify the systems thinking factor structure of elementary school students and 2) to compare systems thinking according to their preferred subjects in order to get implications for following research. For the study, pre-tests analyze data from 732 elementary school students using the STMI (Systems Thinking Measuring Instrument) developed by Lee et al. (2013). And exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the factor structure of the students. Based on the results of the pre-test, the expert group council revised the STMI so that elementary school students could respond to the 5-factor structure that STMI intended. In the post-test, 503 data were analyzed by modified STMI and exploratory factor analysis was performed. The results of the study are as follows: First, in the pre-test, elementary school students responded to the STMI with a test paper consisting of two factors (personal internal factors and personal external factors). The total reliability of the instrument was .932 and the reliability of each factor was analyzed as .857 and .894. Second, for modified STMI, elementary school students responded a 4-factor instrument. Team learning, Shared Vision, and Personal Mastery were derived independent factors, and mental model and systems analysis were derived 1-factor. The total reliability of the instrument was .886 and the reliability of each factor was analyzed as .686 to .864. Finally, a comparison of systems thinking according to preferred subjects showed a significant difference between students who selected science (engineering) group and art (music and physical education). In conclusion, it was confirmed that statistically meaningful results could be obtained using STMI modified by term and sentence structure appropriate for elementary school students, and it is a necessary to study the relation of systems thinking with various student variables such as the preferred subjects.