• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2004

본 연구는 산림 수목 종자를 대상으로 다양한 초저온 동결 조건을 적용하고, 초저온 저장 후에 나타나는 종자의 발아 특성 및 유묘의 생장 특성 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 유리화 과정을 기초로 한 초저온 저장은 다릅나무 종자의 발아율을 크게 감소시켰으나, 초저온 저장 전 동결보호제 처리와 초저온 저장 후의 빠른 해빙은 종자의 발아율 감소를 완화시켰다. 초저온 저장 전 동결보호제 노출 시간은 종자의 발아율에 영향을 주었다. 즉 동결보호제 노출시간이 길어짐에 따라 종자의 발아율은 감소하였다. 그러나 초저온 저장 기간은 종자의 발아율에 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 동결보호제의 노출 시간과 초저온 저장 기간은 유묘의 생장 특성에 영향을 주지 않았다. 따라서 수목 종자의 초저온 저장은 조직의 손상이나 변형이 없이 장기간 저장할 수 있는 현지 외 보존 기술로 적절하다고 판단된다. 그러나 산림 종자의 보다 효율적인 초저온 저장을 위해서는 각 수종의 종자 특성에 맞는 동결보호제 및 처리 기술이 개발되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1568-1579
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• 2001

This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (AFE) on corn silage fermentation characteristics. Trial included two groups of treatments, with or without AFE inclusion in corn ensilage. Sixty corn silage containers, including two treatments with thirty replicates each, were processed in a laboratory scale mini-silo of 21 cm radius by 45 cm height. Three replicate containers were opened and sampled for analysis at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, 18 and 34 days after being ensiled. One silage container from each treatment was installed with a remote controlled electronic thermometer to record the temperature changes. Analysis included silage temperature, pH, fermentation acids, the water-soluble carbohydrates and chemical compositions and the silage protein fractions. Results showed that on the first day, the temperature of the ensiled corn was slightly higher than room temperature, but returned to room temperature on the second day. The pH and concentrations of WSC, ADF, lignin and acetic acid in the AFE treated silage were significantly lower than the control groups (p<0.05). The lactic acid and crude protein on the other hand were significantly higher in the AFE treated silage as compared to the control (p<0.05) at the end of the ensilage period. The DM content was significantly higher (p<0.05) whereas the butyric acid content of the AFE treated silage was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the control at the end of the 34 day ensilage period. Titratable acid and buffering capacity in the corn silage were not significantly different between treatment groups (p>0.05). Ammonia N concentration in the AFE treated silage showed a trend of decrease (p>0.05). NPN and the protein fraction A in both groups increased during the conservation period, but fraction A in the AFE treated corn silage was significantly higher than the control silage (p<0.05). During the conservation period, the AFE treated corn silage showed a trend toward a decrease in fractions $B_1$, $B_3$ and C (p<0.05). The protein fraction B2 showed a trend toward increase in the control group and an inconsistent trend in the AFE treated silage during the ensiling period. The AFE treated silage showed a better Flieg score over the control silage (97 vs. 75) as calculated from the concentrations of lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2021

Zygotic embryo culture was performed to propagate evergreen oak, Quercus myrsinifolia, which has recalcitrant seeds and is difficult to propagate by cuttings. Zygotic embryos appeared in WPM medium after 14 days, and after 56 days, they developed into complete plants with cotyledons and roots. The medium suitable for zygotic embryo culture was 1/4 WPM medium, showing a shoot growth of 2.43 cm and root growth of 8.7 cm after 8 weeks of culture. As a result of investigating the effect of GA₃ on the growth of plants germinated from zygotic embryos through GA₃ treatment, the best growth was shown in 0.5 mg/l GA₃ treatment. The in vitro rooting and growth of IBA-treated zygotic embryo-derived plants were good in the 0.5 mg/l IBA treatment and rooting and shoot growth were not observed at higher concentrations. And the callus induction rate also increased as the concentration of IBA increased. Plants grown in vitro were transferred to a plastic pot containing artificial soil and acclimatized in a greenhouse for about 4 weeks, resulting in more than 90% survival. As a result of this study, the zygotic embryo culture method was confirmed to be effective for mass propagation of Q. myrsinifolia. The results of this study are expected to contribute significantly to the mass propagation of elite Q. myrsinifolia.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권6호
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• pp.922-928
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• 2010

겨울철 제설제로 사용되고 있는 염화칼슘($CaCl_2$)이 산벚나무(P. sargentii) 가로수에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해서, 염화칼슘 농도가 다른 수용액을 2회 처리 후 엽록소형광이미지와 광반응-광합성속도와 같은 광합성기구의 반응, 엽과 근원경 생장을 조사하였다. 3년생 산벚나무를 대상으로 개엽 전에 염화칼슘 0.5%(9 mM), 1.0%(18 mM), 3.0%(54 mM)를 2(1 L)회 뿌리둘레 부위에 처리하였다. 염화칼슘의 처리결과, 염화칼슘의 농도가 짙어짐에 따라 대조구에 비해 염화칼슘처리구의 총엽록소함량과 엽록소 a/b, 광합성속도, 양자수율, 암호흡이 감소하였다. 반면 광보상점은 염화칼슘의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 증가였다. 광합성과 양자수율, 암호흡, 광보상점과의 상관관계에서 양자수율과 광보상점에서 유의성이 나타났다(p<0.05). 한편, 최대형광($F_M$)과 최소형광($F_0$)의 차이인 Fv값의 형광이미지를 통해 빛을 이용하는 능력의 차이가 처리구와 대조구간에 확실하게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 광계의 활성(Fv/$F_M$과 비광화학적 소멸(NPQ)의 처리 80일째 값이 모든 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 급격히 감소하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 염화칼슘 수용액에 의해서 산벚나무의 광합성, 동화기관 및 비대생장이 장애를 받고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.231-243
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• 1994

본 연구에서는 하천본류의 유량과 수질, 하수처리장 유입수량과 유입수질을 확률변수로 두고, 취수 문제와 수중보에 의한 재포기현상을 포함하는 추계학적 하천수질관리모형을 개발하였다. Streeter-Phelps식을 이용해서 각 구간 하천수질의 기대값과 분산을 계산하는 확률모형을 만들고, 최적화문제의 확률적 제약식은 chance constrained 방법을 이용해서 확정적 제약식으로 변환한다. 목적함수는 지역내 하수처리장의 년간처리비용으로 두었다. 건설비용함수와 유지관리비함수는 처리효율과 처리용량의 함수인 비선형의 단일식으로 유도되었다. 최적화문제는 비선형계획법으로 해를 구하였다. 본 모형을 한강하류부에 적용한 결과 서울시내 4개 하수처리장에서 2차처리를 하고, 지천유입수의 BOD부하량이 현재와 같을 때, 1996년 DO수질기준을 만족하는 신뢰도는 50% 정도였다. 그리고 탄천, 중량천, 안양천의 BOD부하량을 현재보다 50% 감소시켰을 때 1996년 DO수질기준을 만족하는 신뢰도는 60% 이상이었다. 따라서 한강하류부의 수질보전을 위해서는 유입지천의 수질개선과 2차처리 이상의 하수처리가 요구된다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제26권
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• pp.25-34
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• 2021

문화재 복원 분야에서 3D 기술이 복원에 적용되고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 유리제 문화재의 복원에 관하여 3D 기술이 활용되어 복원된 사례가 적으며 이에 관한 연구가 필요한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국립중앙박물관에서 소장하고 있는 보물인 금강산 출토 이성계 발원 사리장엄구 일괄 중 유리제 사리병의 결손부를 복원하는 과정에 3D 기술을 이용하였다. 보존처리는 3D 프린팅 출력물을 직접적으로 복원제로써 적용하지않고 에폭시계수지로 복제한 복원편으로 결손부를 복원하였다. 보존처리 완료 후 3D 프린팅에 사용되는 재료와 기술방식에 관하여 기존 도자기의 복원재료 중 투명성을 지닌 재료를 선택하여 사용감과 안정성을 비교하고자 하였다. 보존처리 완료 후 SLA(Stereo Lithography Apparatus)방식으로 출력한 광경화성 수지, 에폭시계 수지, 아크릴계 수지등 총 5개의 시편을 제작 한 후 96시간까지 자외선에 노출시켜 황변화를 조사하였고, 광경화성수지의 시편은 출력물에 UV차단제를 분무 여부에 따라 2종으로 나누어 자외선에 노출시켰다. 자외선 노출 결과, SLA방식 시편에 UV차단제를 분무한 시편, 에폭시계수지의 시편의 b^*값의 변화값이 1 미만으로 황변화에 안정적인 것으로 나타났으며 유리제 문화재의 복원제로써 적용 가능한 재료로 보여진다. 유리제 문화재의 형태가 매우 다양하고 복원해야할 부분 또한 다양하고 복잡하여 접근하기 어려울 수 있으므로 복원재료에 대해 여러 가지 재료를 염두해두고 고민해볼 필요가 있다.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국문화재보존과학회 2004년도 제20회 발표논문집
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

All the works including sculpture created by modern artists contain a message that represents both the ideas and spirit of an era. We are entrusted with the responsibility of transmitting to future generations modern art in as nearly as perfect condition as possible. Thus despite the challenges we face in preserving modern art, we are obliged to conserve it. Especially, outdoor sculpture can be considered as not only works of art themselves, but also a public art. The work of contemporary sculptors often refers to the complexity of social relationships between the art and the public space, so that the public space tends to include the actual public in the art. The conservator at this point needs to preserve tile concept of the public art which is incorporated in the public participation in the sculpture, in addition to the materials of the sculpture itself. Once the sculpture is damaged, it will need restoration. Restoration may be essential to prevent further deterioration, or it may be necessary in order to make an object usable again. It is difficult to generalize about restoration because, as with preventive treatment, the acceptable degree of intervention varies from one discipline to another The degree of treatment including restoration may depend on such variables as available resources, the future use of the object, and the needs of the particular discipline to which it belongs. When conservators start to treat artworks or during the treatment, they will face many moments where they have to make a choice. Codes of ethics are necessary in order to provide a basis for making choices. Even though ethics have always been subject to change depending on an era or culture, the ethics subject will be much easier to reached an agreement on than one involving aesthetic value. The aesthetic value will be one of the most prominent factors for defining the damage: even minor loss of parts or discolouration can be considered as fatal damage for artworks. Sometimes, an alteration of the appearancecould be intended by the artist himself so that the artist's intention could be important factor for judging the damage of artworks. But, modern hermeneutic theories show that the artist's intention cannot be the only factor for consideration, so that the interpretation and application of artist's intent should be an interdisciplinary task regarding distinctive social and cultural backgrounds.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권22호
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• pp.133-154
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• 2001

Stone cultural properties, exposed in natural environment, is deteriorated by many weathering reasons for a long time. It is necessary to treat of consolidation and water-repellent on the surface because of the conservation of stone cultural properties. We was treated the specimen [granite(Hwangdung-suk), sandstone, marble(in JeongSeon)] by synthesis resin of DWR-Ⅲ, SI2121 and fluoropolymer, and tested on the durability, water-repellent, color stability and luster generation etc. In the result of this study, DWR-Ⅲ and fluoropolymer is superior to the waterrepellent, durability of salt and acid rain. SI2121 is superior to the penetration because of lower viscosity, but the water-repellent is inferior to the others. After the treatment of chemicals, the color-variation make an appearance but luster-generation doesn’t. With the passage of time, the color of specimen was got better because of the ‘washing’ phenomenon for ultra-violet, salt etc.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.246-264
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• 1986

Micoromorphological alterations of sea-waterlogged woods by marinemicro-oragnisms were investigated by the light and scanning electron microscopy as a part of serial investigations on the shipwrecked materials which were excavated at the sea shore of Wando-Kun, southern coast of Korea in 1984.Deterioration of sea-waterlogged wood by marine microorganisms were varied with the wood species. The degree of deterioration even in the same wood specieswas different according to the part where it was in mud of sea-water. However, the resistance of Torreya nucifera over the marine organisms was marked. Deterioration in cell wall may be classified into three types; thinning of cell wall, separation of secondary wall from compound middle lamella and tunneling of cell wall. Thinning and separation were frequently observed, while the tunneling was rare. Among the wood cell elements of hardwoods, vessel wall was the least deteriorated. The difference degree of degradation of cell wall constituents and the accumulation of inorganic substances in cell lumen indicate that some factors to be considered for the conservation treatment were discussed. The kinds of marine microorganisms invading and/or inhabiting in wrecked wooden ship were also discussed.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.103-106
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• 1990

Effects of ammonia water on the spornlation of coccidial oocysts collected from bovine feces were studied with particular reference to the various levels of ammonia water (1% to 10%) for 30 minute conservation at room temperature. The sporulation rates showed a negative linear coorelation according to the treatment leavels of ammonia water, 85.3% at 1% level to 8.9% at 10% level. The optimum level of ammonia concentration was regarded as 5% to 10% with more than 80% of sporulation inhibition effect.