• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic disorder characterized by skin inflammation. It is well known that the activation of various inflammatory cells and the generation of inflammatory molecules are closely linked to the development of AD. There is accumulating evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of herbal extracts (HEs) on the regulation of inflammatory response in both in vitro and in vivo studies of AD. This review summarizes the anti-atopic effects of HEs and its associated underlying mechanisms, with a brief introduction of in vitro and in vivo experiment models of AD based on previous and recent studies. Thus, this review confirms the utility of HEs for AD therapy.

• 한국시조학회지:시조학논총
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• 제25집
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• pp.211-237
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• 2006

[ $\ulcorner$ ]만세보$\lrcorner$에는 <해동영언>이라는 제목 하에 총 111수의 고시조 작품이 연재되어 있다. 이 글에서는 이 <해동영언>을 20세기 초반의 시조 텍스트로 간주하고 그것의 문헌학적 성격 및 가집 편찬사적 의미를 검토하였다. <해동영언>은 신문 연재물과 소규모 가집의 성격을 동시에 지닌다 이 연재물의 기본 형식은 '제목-음악적 표지-작가 정보-작품-단평'의 순으로 구성되어 있다. 이 가운데 이 연재물의 특징을 가장 잘 보여주는 것은 마지막의 단평이라 할 수 있다. 이 단평은 한문에 국문 토를 단 형식을 취하고 있으며. 신문의 독자층 확보를 위해 고안된 장치로 판단된다. 한편 <해동영언>은 연재된 작품 전체를 모아 놓고 보면 전반적 분류 체계나 동일 곡조 내의 작가 배열 방식 등에서 명백한 가집 편찬 의식을 엿볼 수 있어 소규모 가집으로 규정할 수 있다. 이 가집은 지나치다 싶을 정도로 형식적 완결성을 추구하고 있으며, 대중 보급용 독서물을 지향하는 의식이 강한 특징을 보인다는 점에서 20세기 가집의 특성을 명료하게 보여준다고 할 수 있다. <해동영언>이라는 연재물의 기획자 또는 이 가집의 편찬자는 $\ulcorner$만세보$\lrcorner$의 핵심 관계자-오세창, 이인직, 최영년. 신광희-중 한 명일 가능성이 큰 것으로 생각되며, 그 중에서도 여러 가지 정황으로 미루어 최영년일 가능성이 가장 높은 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 <해동영언>이 어떤 가집을 참조로 한 것인지에 대해서는 현재로선 밝힐 수 없어 그 판단을 유보하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권11호
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• pp.590-597
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• 2016

Parasitic diseases remain an unarguable public health problem worldwide. Liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis is a high risk pathogenic parasitic helminth which is endemic predominantly in Asian countries, including Korea, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and the far eastern parts of Russia, and is still actively transmitted. According to the earlier $8^{th}$ National Survey on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in 2012, C. sinensis was revealed as the parasite with highest prevalence of 1.86% in general population among all parasite species surveyed in Korea. This fluke is now classified under one of the definite Group 1 human biological agents (carcinogens) by International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) along with two other parasites, Opisthorchis viverrini and Schistosoma haematobium. C. sinensis infestation is mainly linked to liver and biliary disorders, especially cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). For the purposes of this mini-review, we will only focus on C. sinensis and review pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of clonorchiasis, disease condition by C. sinensis infestation, and association between C. sinensis infestation and CCA. In this presentation, we briefly consider the current scientific status for progression of CCA by heavy C. sinensis infestation from the food-borne trematode and development of CCA.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.77-93
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• 2023

The water can be contaminated by natural sources or by industrial effluents. One such contaminant is fluoride. Fluoride contamination in the water environment due to natural and artificial activities has been recognized as one of the major problems worldwide. Among the commonly used treatment technologies applied for fluoride removal, the adsorption technique has been explored widely and offers a highly efficient simple and low-cost process for fluoride removal from water. This review paper the recent developments in fluoride removal from surface water by adsorption methods. Studies on fluoride removal from aqueous solutions using various carbon materials are reviewed. Various adsorbents with high fluoride removal capacity have been developed, however, there is still an urgent need to transfer the removal process to an industrial scale. Regeneration studies need to be performed to more extent to recover the adsorbent in field conditions, enhancing the economic feasibility of the process. Based on the review, technical strategies of the adsorption method including the Nano-surface effect, structural memory effect, anti-competitive adsorption and ionic sieve effect can be proposed. The design of adsorbents through these strategies can greatly improve the removal efficiency of fluoride in water and guide the development of new efficient methods for fluoride removal in the future. This paper describes brief discussions on various low-cost adsorbents used for the effective removal of fluoride from water.

• 센서학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2024

Electric propulsion systems, including electrothermal, electrostatic, and electromagnetic thrusters, are promising systems for producing thrust from satellites. These systems generally operate under vacuum plasma conditions and exhibit high specific impulses and thrust-to-weight ratios. Despite their high efficiencies, electric propulsion systems are susceptible to performance variations due to physical factors such as plasma instabilities, which require an accurate diagnosis of their status during operation. In this study, we review various measurement systems adopted to diagnose electric propulsion systems operating under vacuum conditions. Specifically, we review electrical, optical, and other methods that can directly or indirectly measure the status of a thruster, with a particular focus on Hall effect thrusters. The system configurations and fundamental mechanisms of the different measurement systems are described based on case studies of the diagnosis of propulsion systems. We anticipate that this study will contribute to the efficient development and safe operation of electric propulsion systems for use in artificial satellites.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.381-392
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• 2022

Objectives: Objective of this study is to review briefly exposure characteristics, monitoring instruments and threshold limit values for extremely low frequency-magnetic field (ELF-MF) methods. This study was undertaken through brief literature review. We performed a literature search in PubMed to identify ELF-MF studies conducted in workplaces. Initial search keywords such as 'extremely low frequency-magnetic field (ELF-MF)' and 'electromagnetic fields (EMF)' combined or singly. We limited our review to occupational rather than general nonworkplace environmental exposures. Methods: The contents we reviewed: key industry and occupations generating ELF-MF, several direct-reading instruments monitoring ELF-MF and threshold limit values (TLV) preventing health effects may be caused by the exposure to ELF-MF. Results: The industries related to the generation and supply of electricity, electrolytic installations, welding, and induction heating and more were regarded as high ELF-MF exposure industries. All jobs handling or employed performed in power cable lines, electrical wiring, and electrical equipment are found to be exposed to ELF-MF. Threshold or ceiling limit, 1,000 µT, is established to prevent acute effects of exposure to low-frequency EMFs on the nervous system: the direct stimulation of nerve and muscle tissues and the induction of retinal phosphenes. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified ELF-MF as possibly carcinogenic to humans chiefly based on epidemiological studies on childhood leukemia. However, a causal relationship between magnetic fields and several types of cancer including childhood leukemia has not been established nor has any other long-term effects. Risk management using precautionary measures, has been initiated by the US and EU to prevent chronic health effects related to ELF-MF exposure in workplaces. Conclusion: This study recommends the implementation of various measures such as theestablishment of occupational exposure limit values for ELF-MF and precautionary principle to prevent potential chronic occupational health effects may be caused by ELF-MF in Korea.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.79-81
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• 2014

전자 상거래 리뷰 정보에 대한 소비자들의 의존도가 증가하고 있다. 제품 리뷰는 잠재적인 고객의 구매 결정에 있어 중요한 결정 요소이다. 제품 리뷰는 또한 상품 제조사들이 자신들의 제품에 대한 문제점을 발견하고 자신들의 경쟁자들에 대한 경쟁 정보를 수집할 수 있도록 해준다. 불행히도 많은 온라인 제품 정보들이 그 제품에 대한 진짜 고객들에 의해 만들어지지 않은 것이라는 것은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 리뷰를 쓰는 사람들은, 특정 제품의 평판을 떨어뜨리기 위해 가짜로 부정적인 리뷰를 쓰거나, 특정 제품에 대해 부당하게 긍정적인 리뷰를 써서 그 제품을 홍보하기도 한다. 이러한 리뷰들을 가짜 리뷰라고 한다. 가짜 리뷰 판별 기법은 가짜 리뷰를 판별하고 삭제하여 진실한 리뷰들만 독자에게 제공하기 위한 기법이다. 현재까지 이 문제에 대한 연구는 많이 발표되지 않았다. 본 논문에서, 우리는 관련 연구들을 조사하고 가짜 리뷰 판별 기법들에 대해 간단히 조망해 보고자 한다. 웹 스팸 및 이메일 스팸과 같은 가짜 리뷰 판별과 관련된 연구들을 소개한다. 그리고, 가짜 리뷰들을 판별하기 위한 방법들을 소개하고 요약한다. 마지막으로 가짜 리뷰 판별에 대한 연구 추세들로 결론을 맺는다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2010

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressor that is widely used in transplant surgery and the treatment of several autoimmune diseases. However, major side effects of CsA such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity and cardiovascular diseases have substantially limited its usage. Although molecular mechanisms underlying these adverse effects are not clearly understood, there is some evidence that suggests involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In parallel, protective effects of various antioxidants have been demonstrated by many research groups. Extensive studies of CsA-induced nephrotoxcity have confirmed that the antioxidants can restore the damaged function and structure of kidney. Subsequently, there have appeared numerous reports to demonstrate the positive antioxidant effects on liver and other organ damages by CsA. It may be timely to review the ideas to envisage the relationship between ROS and the CsA-induced toxicity. This review is comprised of a brief description of the immunosuppressive action and the secondary effects of CsA, and a synopsis of reports regarding the antioxidant treatments against the ROS-linked CsA toxicity. A plethora of recent reports suggest that antioxidants can help reduce many CsA's adverse effects and therefore might help develop more effective CsA treatment regimens.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2024

Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that are usually benign in nature. They may be either familial or sporadic in their occurrence. Numerous neuroendocrine tumors are collectively included under the umbrella of paragangliomas. Among them, carotid body tumors and glomus jugulare tumors are extremely rare. Thus, we present a rare case of 29-year-old male who was admitted with hearing difficulties and tinnitus in the left ear, with swelling on the left side of the neck. Based on clinical and radiological findings, a diagnosis of left-sided glomus jugulare with carotid body tumor was made. The patient underwent a two-stage surgery with an interval of approximately 2 months. Histopathology revealed a paraganglioma. Herein, we present the clinical features, imaging findings, management, and a brief review of literature on the classification, evaluation, and management of carotid body and glomus jugulare tumors. Paraganglioma is a slow-growing tumor. The synchronous occurrence of carotid body and glomus jugulare tumors is infrequent. Microsurgical resection remains the primary treatment modality. Therefore, our patient underwent two-stage surgery. The rarity of occurrence and the proximity and adherence to vital neurovascular structures have resulted in the treatment of paragangliomas remaining a challenge.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.485-513
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• 2005

This paper presents a state-of-the-art on the behaviour of steel joints under fire loading and some recent developments in this field, currently being carried out by the authors. Firstly, a review of the experimental research work on steel joints is presented, subdivided into isolated member tests, sub-structure tests and tests on complete building structures. Special emphasis is placed on the seventh Cardington test, carried out by the authors within a collaborative research project led by the Czech Technical University in Prague. Secondly, a brief review of various temperature distributions within a joint is presented, followed by a discussion of the behaviour of isolated joints at elevated temperature, focussing on failure modes and analytical procedures for predicting the moment-rotation behaviour of joints at elevated temperature. Finally, a description of the coupled behaviour of joints as part of complete structures is presented, describing previous work and investigations on real fire (including heating and cooling phases) currently being carried out by the authors.