• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.364-369
• /
• 2011

터널의 안전관리를 위해서는 효과적이고 지속적인 계측이 필요하다. 현재 적용되고 있는 대부분의 계측센서로는 터널의 국부적인 상태만을 파악할 수 있으므로 전체 터널의 안전상태를 파악하기 위해서는 다수의 설치가 필요하다. 철도터널의 경우 일정한 조건의 열차운행이 정기적으로 이루어지므로 터널구조물에 발생하는 진동을 지속적으로 관측하여 분석하면 상대적으로 넓은 범위의 영역에 대하여 터널 손상을 효과적으로 예측할 수 있다. 한편 철도터널 내에는 고전압으로 인한 전자기장의 간섭이 있으므로, 이를 배제할 수 있는 계측센서의 적용이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 광섬유격자센서를 이용한 가속도계를 개발하였다. 기존 터널의 진동계측 결과를 검토하여 철도터널 진동 계측에 적합한 가속도계의 사양을 결정하였다. 민감도와 측정범위의 향상을 위하여 새로운 구조를 적용한 가속도계를 개발하였으며 실내시험을 통해 그 성능을 검증하였다. 개발된 광섬유 가속도계를 적용하여 고속철도 터널의 상시 진동모니터링 시스템을 구축한 사례를 소개하였으며, 열차운행에 의하여 발생하는 진동 측정 결과를 통해 개발된 가속도계의 유효성을 제시하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제12권7호
• /
• pp.263-271
• /
• 2021

거총부터 격발까지 총구 움직임의 궤적을 추적하여, 사격의 정확성을 향상시킬 목적으로 광전자 기반 사격 훈련 시스템이 사격 훈련 현장에서 활용되어 왔다. 광전자 기반 시스템은 설치가 복잡하고, 표적의 파손 위험이 존재하며, 고가의 장비로 선수들의 접근성이 떨어진다는 단점이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 저비용의 가속도 센서 모듈을 이용하여 체위 떨림을 측정하고 피드백할 수 있는 사격 훈련 시스템을 개발하고, 이의 활용성을 검증하였다. 가속도 센서 모듈은 총기의 에어 실린더에 부착할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 체위 떨림은 가속도 센서 데이터를 이용하여 진폭, 주파수, 공간적 패턴 지표로서 분석되었다. 가속도 센서와 기존의 광전자 기반 시스템에서 측정된 사격시 체위 떨림 진폭 지표 간에는 높은 상관관계(좌우 방향: r=0.76; 상하 방향: r=0.70)가 나타났다. 또한, 사격 선수를 대상으로 진행한 시스템의 유효성 평가에서는 선수의 사격 점수(최상, 최하 격발)에 따라 계산된 체위 떨림 지표가 유의한 차이(p<0.05)가 있음을 독립 표본 t-검증을 이용하여 검증하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제64권6호
• /
• pp.1237-1244
• /
• 2022

Horse breeders suffer massive economic losses due to dystocia, abortion, and stillbirths. In Thoroughbred mares, breeders often miss the foaling process because approximately 86% of the foaling events occur from 19:00 to 7:00; consequently, breeders cannot assist mares experiencing dystocia. To solve this problem, various foaling alarm systems have been developed. However, there is a need to develop a new system to overcome the shortcomings of the existing devices and improve their accuracy. To this end, the present study aimed to (1) develop a novel foaling alarm system and (2) compare its accuracy with that of the existing Foalert^TM system. Specifically, eighteen Thoroughbred mares (11.9 ± 4.0 years old) were included. An accelerometer was used to analyze specific foaling behaviors. Behavioral data were transmitted to a data server every second. Depending on the acceleration value, behaviors were automatically classified by the server as categorized behaviors 1 (behaviors without change in body rotation), 2 (behaviors with sudden change in body rotation, such as rolling over), and 3 (behaviors with long-term change in body rotation, such as lying down laterally). The system was designed to alarm when the duration of categorized behaviors 2 and 3 was 12.9% and that of categorized behavior 3 was 1% during 10 min. The system measured the duration of each categorized behavior every 10 min and transmitted an alarm to the breeders when foaling was detected. To confirm its accuracy, the foaling detection time of the novel system was compared with that of Foalert^TM. The novel foaling alarm system and Foalert^TM alarmed foaling onset respectively 32.6 ± 17.9 and 8.6 ± 1.0 min prior to foal discharge, and the foaling detection rate of both systems was 94.4%. Therefore, the novel foaling alarm system equipped with an accelerometer can precisely detect and alert foaling onset.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.747-756
• /
• 2020

In recent years, measurement in a smart-phone environment is attracting attention in various fields due to its easy set-up process, various functions, convenience and expandability. Even in the field of safety evaluation and maintenance of large-scale infra-structures, the appropriate application of these effective and convenient measurement techniques can be of great help. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness, problems and complementary methods of applying smart-phone accelerometers to the measurement in infra-structure such as bridges. In model bridge subjected to impact and moving loads, the measured accelerations using a smart-phone and a professional accelerometer were directly compared in time domain. And the statistical and frequency characteristics of the measured signal and transfer function were also examined in frequency domain. The results show that the accuracy of measurement using smart-phone sensor is primarily affected by its incomplete sampling performance. In conclusion, smart-phone sensors cannot be considered suitable for precise assessment, where measurements must be accurate over a wide frequency range, but we can say that the technique is still useful and fairly accurate for some purpose over a limited frequency range, such as the low pass frequency range, which is a major concern for civil structures.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2008

In this paper, a small and effective attitude estimation system for a humanoid robot was developed. Four small inertial sensors were packed and used for inertial measurements(3D accelerometer and three 1D gyroscopes.) An effective 3D pose estimation algorithm for low cost DSP using an extended Kalman filter was developed and evaluated. The 3D pose estimation algorithm has a very simple structure composed by 3 modules of a linear acceleration estimator, an external acceleration detector and an pseudo-accelerometer output estimator. The algorithm also has an effective switching structure based on probability and simple feedback loop for the extended Kalman filter. A special test equipment using linear motor for the testing of the 3D pose sensor was developed and the experimental results showed its very fast convergence to real values and effective responses. Popular DSP of TMS320F2812 was used to calculate robot's 3D attitude and translated acceleration, and the whole system were packed in a small size for humanoids robots. The output of the 3D sensors(pitch, roll, 3D linear acceleration, and 3D angular rate) can be transmitted to a humanoid robot at 200Hz frequency.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2000

최근, 자동차가 점점 고급화 되어감에 따라 자동차엔진과 같이 $200^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온과 부식적인 환경 하에 사용되어 질 수 있는 고성능의 실리콘 가속도센서의 장착이 기대되고 있다. 그러나 실리콘은 본질적으로 온도의 영향이 큰 물질이고, p-n 접합으로 압저항이 형성되기 때문에 $150^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되면 누설전류가 급격하게 증가하여 센서의 성능을 떨어뜨린다. 본 연구에서는 SOI 구조를 이용한 가속도센서의 온도특성을 해석하고, 유한요소법(finite element method)을 이용하여 감도 온도계수(TCS) 및 오프셋전압 온도계수(TCO)의 열잔류응력과의 관련성을 검토하였다. 그 결과, TCS는 압저항의 불순물 농도를 최적화함으로써 줄일 수 있고, TCO는 압저항의 열잔류응력과 불균일한 공정에 관계가 있다는 것을 알았다. 그리고 센서의 중앙지지구조에 있어서 패키징 열잔류응력의 평균값은 약 $3.7{\times}10^4Nm^{-2}^{\circ}C^{-1}$ 정도로 주변지지구조보다 1/10정도 작게 나타났다.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.346-355
• /
• 1997

본 논문에서는 범용 유한요소 구조해석 프로그램인 ANSYS를 이용하여 가속도센서의 미세기계구조부의 스트레스 분포와 주파수특성을 해석하였다. 해석된 결과로 부터 자동차의 에어백 시스템에 들어가는 가속도센서의 사양에 적합한 새로운 형태의 6빔 압저항형 가속도센서의 파라미터 값을 설정하였다. 이때, 설계된 가속도 센서의 매스 패드의 반경 및 빔 길이, 빔 폭, 빔 두께의 각 파라미터 값은 $500{\mu}m$, $350{\mu}m$, $100{\mu}m$, $5{\mu}m$였으며, 그리고 같은 구조의 센서에서 진동질량은 0.4 mg과 0.8mg인 두가지 종류로 정의하였다. 설계된 구조를 가지고 (111)면 n 실리콘웨이퍼에 $n^{+}$ 영역이 선택적으로 확산된 $n/n^{+}/n$ 3층 구조를 사용하여 6빔 압저항형 실리콘 가속도센서를 제조하고, 특성을 조사하였다. 이때, 센서의 미세기계구조를 형성하기 위하여 다공질 실리콘 에칭법을 이용한 마이크로머시닝 기술을 사용하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.413-425
• /
• 2017

Objectives: Accurate assessment of energy expenditure is important for estimation of energy requirements in athletic children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of accelerometer for prediction of selected activities' energy expenditure and intensity in athletic elementary school children. Methods: The present study involved 31 soccer players (16 males and 15 females) from an elementary school (9-12 years). During the measurements, children performed eight selected activities while simultaneously wearing the accelerometer and carrying the portable indirect calorimeter. Five equations (Freedson/Trost, Treuth, Pate, Puyau, Mattocks) were assessed for the prediction of energy expenditure from accelerometer counts, while Evenson equation was added for prediction of activity intensity, making six equations in total. The accuracy of accelerometer for energy prediction was assessed by comparing measured and predicted values, using the paired t-test. The intensity classification accuracy was evaluated with kappa statistics and ROC-Curve. Results: For activities of lying down, television viewing and reading, Freedson/Trost, Treuth were accurate in predicting energy expenditure. Regarding Pate, it was accurate for vacuuming and slow treadmill walking energy prediction. Mattocks was accurate in treadmill running activities. Concerning activity intensity classification accuracy, Pate (kappa=0.72) had the best performance across the four intensities (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous). In case of the sedentary activities, all equations had a good prediction accuracy, while with light activities and Vigorous activities, Pate had an excellent accuracy (ROC-AUC=0.91, 0.94). For Moderate activities, all equations showed a poor performance. Conclusions: In conclusion, none of the assessed equations was accurate in predicting energy expenditure across all assessed activities in athletic children. For activity intensity classification, Pate had the best prediction accuracy.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.234-240
• /
• 2002

This paper treats the problem of estimating the longitudinal velocity of a braking vehicle using measurements from an accelerometer and wheel speed data from standard anti-lock braking wheel speed sensors. We develop and experimentally test three velocity estimation algorithms of increasing complexity. The algorithm that works the best gives peak errors of less than 3 percent even when the accelerometer signal is significantly biased.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국IT서비스학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.453-458
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to detect early children with hyperactivity which is one of the symptoms of Attention Deficit - Hyperactivity Disorder (:ADHD). For this Purpose, This study used two methods; K-CBCL and observation of children`s behavior. K-CBCL was done online by parents at home. For observation of children's behavior, the school asked children to wear a 3 - axis accelerometer on their wrists. The data from K - CBCL and 3 - axis accelerometer were analyzed and clustered to separate hypersensitive children from ordinary children.