• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 1987

By using the former equation (8), we modified the equation which can show the dissimilar osmotic behavior of liposome with composition change. The slope of the new equation was presented as the ratio of osmotically active volume (V$_{act}$= ) to the total volume (V$_{totel}$= $_{acl}$+ V$_{dead}$ ; V$_{dead}$ is osmotically inactive volume) of loposomes, we defined is as a Z-value, which can elucidate the dissimilarity of the osmotic activity of multilamellar liposomes with the change of phospholipid composition and the differences of physicochemical properties of liposomes. Z-value was applied for studying the physico-chemical properties of liposomal membrane. The factor that affects on the Z-value was not the lipid concentration of liposome stock dispersion but the lipid composition of liposomal membrane. As the content of dicetylphosphate, the negative charged phospholipid, was increased, the osmotic activity, represented by Z-value, of multilamellar liposome was decreased. Using the hypertonic conditions (shrinking region), Z-value steadily increased and reached a maximum at 10 mole percent cholesterol with increasing the cholesterol content.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that affect overall attitudes on accommodations sharing platform businesses and effects of overall attitudes on sustainability of accommodation sharing platform and contribution to the tourism industry with the perspectives of millennials and generation Z. Research design, data and methodology: This study conducted an online survey. This study applied factor, ANOVA, and regression analysis to test hypotheses. Results: The results found that factors including economic, trust, environment, local market facilitation, and the quality of residents' life affect overall attitudes toward accommodation sharing, while social and experience aspects do now show significance on overall attitudes. Effects of overall attitudes on sustainability of the accommodation sharing platform and contribution to the tourism industry showed significance. Conclusions: The results provide managerial and policy implications. The results implied how millennials and generation Z perceive significant factors such as local market facilitation for economic benefits and environment aspects with usage of accommodation sharing support characteristics of millennials and generation Z. How to foster social aspects to interact with millennials and generation Z and experience aspects to enhance values of the accommodation sharing that shares experiences remained future issues for better development of sharing platform businesses.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.470-476
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• 1987

The system of 0.1Pb(Mg1/3N2/3)O3-yPbTiO3-zPbZrO3 piezoelectric ceramics was made in the radial model disk and ring dot type filter. The resonant frequency(fr) variations were investigated for 100 hours and the temperature range from 20$^{\circ}C$ to 100$^{\circ}C$. As the results, the morphotropic phase boundary was supposed to be the composition of 45 y 50 and 40 z 45. The best characteristic of againg effect, after 10-hours, was composed of y, z=45. The stabilized characteristic of temperature varition, to become 0.1% up to 100$^{\circ}C$, was composed of y=50 and z=40. The bandwidth was broadened with increasing the electromechanical coefficient(kp), and the filter characteristics was approached ideal mode with increasing mechanical quality factor(Qm). Kp and Qm affected combinationally on filter characteristics.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2011

Today they use a weather radar with spatially high resolution in predicting rainfall intensity and utilizing the information for super short-range forecast in order to make predictions of such severe meteorological phenomena as heavy rainfall and snow. For a weather radar, they use the Z-R relation between the reflectivity factor(Z) and rainfall intensity(R) by rainfall particles in the atmosphere in order to estimate intensity. Most used among the various Z-R relation is $Z=200R^{1.6}$ applied to stratiform rain. It's also used to estimate basic rainfall intensity of a weather radar run by the weather center. This study set out to compare rainfall intensity between the reflectivity of a weather radar and the ground rainfall of ASOS(Automatic Surface Observation System) by analyzing many different cases of heavy rain, analyze the errors of different weather radars and identify their problems, and investigate their applicability to nowcasting in case of severe weather.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.275-287
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• 2009

This paper investigates analytical models of Conduction and Switching Losses (CASLs) of a matrix-Z-source converter (MZC). Two analytical models of the CASLs are obtained through the examination of operating principles for a Z-source inverter and ac-dc matrix converter respectively. Based on the two models, the analytical model of CASLs for a MZC is constructed and visualized over a range of exemplified operating- points, each of which is defined by the combination of power factor (pt) and modulation index (M). The model provides a measurable way to approximate the total losses of the MZC.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.51-57
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• 2021

We study optical quantum transition line widths in relation to magnetic field dependence properties of the electrons confined in an infinite square well potential system between z = 0 and z = L_z in the z - direction. We consider two systems-one is subject to right circularly oscillating external fields and the other is subject to left circularly oscillatory external fields. Our results indicate that the line widths of right circularly oscillating external fields is larger than the line widths of left, while the opposite result is obtained for the line widths.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.443-458
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• 2022

Generation MZ, a generic term for millennials and members of Generation Z, is an innovation-leading consumer group in the current market. This study aimed to examine the impact of the ethical consumption tendencies of millennials and Generation Z on the purchase intention of social enterprise fashion products. Data were collected from Generation MZ (15-40 years old) by quota sampling based on the demographic variables of gender, age, and region, respectively. Eight hundred responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and regressions using SPSS software. Three value factors (egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric) and three ethical consumption tendency factors (resource saving tendency, eco-friendly tendency, and consciousness of corporate responsibility) were determined by factor analyses. The results confirmed that women, who showed a higher ethical consumption tendency in all three factors, were more altruistic and biospheric than men. Furthermore, women portrayed a more favorable attitude and purchase intention towards fashion products of social enterprises. The results demonstrated that members of Generation Z were more altruistic and biospheric than millennials. Additionally, the attitude, purchase intention, and willingness to pay premium prices were higher in Generation Z members. It was confirmed that higher biospheric values correlated with greater values for the three ethical consumption tendency factors. The altruistic value affected both the resource saving tendency and eco-friendly trend, while the egoistic value had an effect on the resource saving tendency. Both attitude and purchase intention were positively influenced by all three of the ethical consumption tendency factors, and affected the willingness to pay premium prices. This was subsequently influenced by the resource saving tendency and consciousness of corporate responsibility. The results of this study contribute to understanding Generation MZ as a consumer group, and the establishment of marketing strategies for fashion companies.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

In this paper, a public key exponential encryption algorithm for data security of computer network is proposed. This is based on the security to a difficulty of polynomial factorization. For the proposed public key exponential encryption, the public key generation algorithm selects two polynomials f(x,y,z) and g(x,y,z). The enciphering first selects plaintext polynomial W(x,y,z) and multiplies the public key polynomials, then the ciphertext is computed. In the proposed exponential encryption system of public key polynomial, an encryption is built by exponential encryption multiplied thrice by the optional integer number and again plus two public polynomials f(x,y,z) and g(x,y,z). This is an encryption system to enforce the security of encryption with help of prime factor added on RSA public key. The propriety of the proposed public key exponential cryptosystem algorithm is verified with the computer simulation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.573-585
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• 2021

The banking sector is one of the most important sectors in Pakistan's struggling economy. Recent studies have recommended that suitable methods can be applied to predict bankruptcy. In this context, this work analyzes Pakistan's banking sector's financial status through the five-factor Altman Z-score model, which determines the probability of bankruptcy for an organization. Banking data has been collected through the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) in the period 2013-2017. The Z-score assessment criteria is defined as: Z> 2.99 - "safe" zone; Z> 1.8 Z>2.98- "grey" zone; and Z <1.8 - "distress" zone. Results show good predictions for the local banking industry, while most foreign Pakistani banks were found bankrupt with the Z-score below 1.1. One of the financial risks investors face when investing in any company is the risk of bankruptcy. One of the most used models for predicting financial distress for any company is Altman's Z-score model. On the other hand, the Z-score analysis suggests that all banking establishments are not bankrupt because they have sufficient ability to control bankruptcy. At the same time, foreign banks failed financially and would not be able to be sustained in the future because they do not have the ability to pay the short-term and long-term debt.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.693-698
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• 2006

In Class I cavity, the highest C-factor could be obtained and it means the highest polymerization shrinkage stress. In this study, high C-factor model was designed. The pulpose of present study was to determine differences of Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of class I cavity pulpal and axial wall specimens in primary molar. Twenty clean mandibular 2nd primary molars were randomly divided into two groups Different composite Resins (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE & Filtek Supreme, 3M ESPE) were bulk filled and photo cured. Axial wall specimens and pulpal specimens were prepared at the same teeth, All specimens were divided into 4 groups and MTBS were evaluated. Group ZP : Filtek Z250-Pulpal wall Group ZA : Filtek Z250-Axial wall Group SP : Filtek Supreme - Pulpal wall Group SA : Filtek Supreme - Axial wall The results were as follows: 1. Mean MTBS of ZP & ZA and SP & SA were significantly different(p<.001). 2. There was no significant difference between MTBS of ZP & SP and ZA & SA.